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Multi View Video Coding (MVC, also known asMVC 3D) is astereoscopic video coding standard forvideo compression that allows for encoding video sequences captured simultaneously from multiple camera angles in a single video stream.[1] It uses the2D plus Delta method and it is an amendment to theH.264 (MPEG-4 AVC) video compression standard, developed jointly byMPEG andVCEG,[2] with the contributions from a number of companies, such asPanasonic andLG Electronics.[3]
MVC formatting is intended for encodingstereoscopic (two-view)3D video, as well asfree viewpoint television and multi-view3D television. The Stereo High profile has been standardized in June 2009; the profile is based on the MVC tool set and is used in stereoscopicBlu-ray 3D releases.[4]
MVC is based on the idea that video recordings of the same scene from multiple angles share many common elements. It is possible to encode all simultaneous frames captured in the sameelementary stream and to share as much information as possible across the different layers. This can reduce the size of the encoded video.[5][6]
Multiview video contains a large amount of inter-view statistical dependencies, since all cameras capture the same scene from different viewpoints. Therefore, combined temporal and inter-view prediction is important for efficient MVC encoding. A frame from a certain camera can be predicted not only from temporally related frames from the same camera, but also from the frames of neighboring cameras. These interdependencies can be used for efficient prediction.[7][8][9]
The method for this used in Multiview Video Coding for Blu-ray 3D movies is known as the 2D plus Delta algorithm, and the MVC specification itself is part of the H.264 standard as an amendment in H.264 “Annex H” of the specification.[10]
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As of April 2015, there is nofree and open-source software that supports software decoding of the MVC video compression standard.[11] Popular open source H.264 andHEVC (H.265) decoders, such as those used in theFFmpeg andLibav libraries, simply ignore the second view and thus do not show the second view for stereoscopic views. In most cases, the reason for this support not being added is that MVC was not considered when the initial core H.264 and HEVC decoders code was written. Later amendment would as such often mean a lot of prerequisitecode refactoring work and large changes its current architecture, with major work in untangling and reordering some code, and splitting different functions in existing decoder code into smaller chunks for simpler handling to in turn then make amendments such as MVC easier to add.[12]
Someproof-of-concept work has however been done downstream in the past, but never made it upstream into official releases ofFFmpeg orLibav.[13][14]
On March 8, 2016, the situation improved. Version 0.68 of the DirectShow Media Splitter and Decoders CollectionLAV Filters[15] was released by developer "Nevcairiel" (who also works forMedia Player Classic — Home Cinema (MPC-HC)) with support of H.264 MVC 3D demuxing and decoding. With the aid of this release and FRIM[16] written by a programmer named “videohelp3d”[17] it is possible to write anAviSynth script to pre process a H.264 MVC 3D video clip which can then be opened by free 3D video playerBino[18] and then shown as red — cyan anaglyph video for example.[11]
The usage of the FRIM AviSynth plugin (FRIMSource) is described on “videohelp3d” home page. LAV Filters can be used to get audio from H.264 MVC 3D video clip. The developer[19] posted that in a future release of, it might be possible that LAV Video renders the video as Side-by-Side directly.[20]
The following organizations holdpatents that contributed to the development of MVC technology, listed in apatent pool byMPEG LA.[21]
| Organization[22] | Active patents | Expired patents | Total patents[3] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Panasonic | 607 | 41 | 648 |
| LG Electronics | 85 | 2 | 87 |
| Dolby Laboratories | 77 | 3 | 80 |
| Fraunhofer | 65 | 0 | 65 |
| Fujitsu | 59 | 3 | 62 |
| Mitsubishi Electric | 28 | 21 | 49 |
| GE | 31 | 0 | 31 |
| Tagivan II LLC | 27 | 0 | 27 |
| Siemens | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| Columbia University | 0 | 17 | 17 |
| Maxell | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| Thomson Licensing | 0 | 14 | 14 |
| Koninklijke KPN N.V.1 | 0 | 13 | 13 |
| Nippon Telegraph and Telephone | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| NTT Docomo | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| Sony | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| HP Inc. | 0 | 1 | 1 |
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) 3DTV AT HOME: STATUS, CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS FOR DELIVERING A HIGH QUALITY EXPERIENCE