| Mountainview Tavern attack | |
|---|---|
| Part ofThe Troubles | |
 The Tavern | |
 | |
| Location | Mountainview Tavern Shankill Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| Coordinates | 54°36′14″N5°56′53″W / 54.604008°N 5.948119°W /54.604008; -5.948119 |
| Date | 5 April 1975 18:00GMT |
Attack type | Shooting, bombing |
| Weapons | Hand guns Time bomb |
| Deaths | 5 (4 Protestant civilians, 1UDA member) |
| Injured | 60 |
| Perpetrator | Provisional IRA Belfast Brigade Claimed byRepublican Action Force |
On 5 April 1975Irish republicanparamilitary members killed aUDAvolunteer and fourProtestantcivilians in agun andbomb attack at the Mountainview Tavern on theShankill Road,Belfast. The attack was claimed by theRepublican Action Force believed to be a covername used byProvisional IRA (IRA)volunteers.The first British Soldiers to arrive on the scene were a patrol unit of the Royal Fusiliers, three of whom were teenagers in their first year of service.
By 1975, theethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland known asthe Troubles was more than six years old. On 10 February 1975, the Provisional IRA andBritish government entered into a truce and restarted negotiations. The IRA agreed to halt attacks on the British security forces, and the security forces mostly ended its raids and searches.[1] However, there were dissenters on both sides. Some Provisionals wanted no part of the truce, while British commanders resented being told to stop their operations against the IRA just when—they claimed—they had the Provisionals on the run.[1] The security forces boosted their intelligence offensive during the truce and thoroughly infiltrated the IRA.[1]
There was a rise insectarian killings during the truce, which 'officially' lasted until early 1976.Ulster loyalists, fearing they were about to be forsaken by the British government and forced into aunited Ireland,[2] increased their attacks on the Irish Catholic andnationalist community. They hoped to force the IRA to retaliate and thus hasten an end to the truce.[3] Under orders not to engage the security forces, some IRA units concentrated on tackling the loyalists. The fall-off of regular operations had caused serious problems of internal discipline and some IRA members, with or without permission from higher up the command chain, engaged intit-for-tat killings.[1]
The Mountainview Tavern had been attacked before when, on the night of 23 May 1971 the IRA bombed the building with 18-20 lbs of high explosives, the blast injured 18 people.[4]
The attack was carried out by a three-manactive service unit. At around 6.00pm two members of the unit opened fire in the bar with handguns before the third member of the unit ran in with the bomb, placed it where it would do most damage near the doorway, lit the fuse and then the unit ran out of the pub and drove away.[5] The force of the explosion was massive and brought the roof crashing in on the customers. The bar was packed with people waiting to watch theGrand National horse race when the attack happened. Thegetaway car used in the attack was found abandoned in theSpringfield Road area:[citation needed] a stronghold for the IRA. It took rescue services hours to free people from the rubble.[citation needed] The incident was said to be deeply traumatic for the British soldiers first on the scene that it was responsible for the medical discharge of several of them in the same year.
