Moshe Carmeli | |
|---|---|
משה כרמלי | |
| Born | June 15, 1933 |
| Died | September 27, 2007 |
| Citizenship | Dual: Israeli and United States |
| Occupation(s) | Albert Einstein Professor of Theoretical Physics,Ben Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva, Israel |
| Known for | Gauge theory, cosmological general relativity |
| Spouse | Elisheva |
| Children | 3 |
| Academic background | |
| Education | Master of Science,The Hebrew University of Jerusalem,Jerusalem, Israel; Doctor of Science,Technion-Israel Institute of Technology,Haifa, Israel |
| Doctoral advisor | Nathan Rosen |
| Other advisors | N. Zeldes |
| Website | Website |
Moshe Carmeli (Hebrew:משה כרמלי; 1933–2007) was the Albert Einstein Professor of Theoretical Physics,Ben Gurion University (BGU),Beer Sheva,Israel and President of the Israel Physical Society.[1] He received hisD.Sc. from theTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology in 1964.[1] He became the first full professor at BGU's new Department of Physics.[2] He did significant theoretical work in the fields ofcosmology,astrophysics,general andspecial relativity,gauge theory, and mathematicalphysics, authoring 4 books, co-authoring 4 others, and publishing 128 refereed research papers in various journals and forums, plus assorted other publications (146 in all).[1] He is most notable for his work ongauge theory and his development of the theory of cosmological general relativity, which extendsAlbert Einstein's theory ofgeneral relativity from a four-dimensionalspacetime to a five-dimensional space-velocity framework.
Carmeli was born inBaghdad, Iraq in 1933. However, he spent the majority of his life and career inIsrael and theUnited States of America. In 1960, he received his Masters of Science fromThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem under the supervision of N. Zeldes. In 1964, he received his Doctor of Science from theTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology inHaifa,Israel under the supervision ofNathan Rosen.[1][2]
After completion of his degree, he moved to the United States, where he stayed until 1972. From 1964 until 1967, he worked atTemple University and later at theUniversity of Maryland, where he was an assistant professor. In 1967 he became a researcher (and later senior researcher) at theAerospace Research Laboratory inDayton,Ohio. He was twice recognized for outstanding work by theUnited States Air Force.[1][2]
In 1972, Carmeli then returned to Israel as an associate professor of physics atBen-Gurion University in the newly established Physics Department. In 1974, he was elevated to full professor, making him the first full professor in the Physics Department. During this period, from 1973 to 1977, he also served as the department's chairman.[1][2]
In 1979, he was made Albert Einstein Professor of Theoretical Physics, a title he held for the remaining 28 years of his life. The following year, he became the Director of the Center for Theoretical Physics at BGU, a position he held until 1989. From 1979 to 1982, he was the Vice President of the Israel Physical Society, and then became the President of the Society through 1985.[1]
Carmeli remained active in research in theoretical physics, as well as becoming involved in science on the world stage. He was a member of many scientific societies, including theAmerican Physical Society,American Association for the Advancement of Science, andThe New York Academy of Sciences, and was listed in bothWho's Who in the World andWho's Who in Science and Technology. He actively refereed and reviewed hundreds of scientific works by noted scientists seeking publication in over a dozen scientific journals. He held visiting professorships at theC. N. Yang Institute of Theoretical Physics of theState University of New York at Stony Brook, theUniversity of Maryland, theInternational Center for Theoretical Physics inTrieste, theMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics inMunich, theUniversity of Massachusetts,Colgate University,Queen Mary College of theUniversity of London, and theState University of Campinas in Brazil. He was invited four times by theSwedish Royal Academy of Sciences to nominate candidates for theNobel Prize in Physics. He was also invited four times by theWolf Foundation to nominate candidates for theWolf Prize in Physics.[1]
Carmeli died in 2007 inBeer-Sheva,Israel.[2]
In the 1990s, Carmeli developed a new cosmological theory called cosmological general relativity. He took Einstein's theory ofgeneral relativity and extended it into five dimensions, adding the radial velocity of galaxies expanding in theHubble flow as the fifth dimension. This fifth dimension is known asspace-velocity.[3] He published his initial special relativistic version of the theory in 1997 in his bookCosmological Special Relativity: The Large-Scale Structure of Space, Time, and Velocity.[3] He then developed the complete general relativistic theory called cosmological general relativity, publishing several papers on its implications over the next decade.
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