Mono-ideologies (Russian:моноидеологии,romanized: monoideologii, singular:моноидеология) are a type ofideology in Russian political and philosophical discourse.[1][2][3]
Mono-ideologies have been described as fundamentally being linked tototalitarianism[4] and toMillenarianism.A totalitarian political system requires an equally total mono-ideology. It can be built on various grounds: nationalist, class, but in any case, it performs two main functions – legitimizing the power of the party or state, and mobilizing the masses.[2] The concept sees political (party)monism as paralleling ideological monism.[5]
Rodnovery is critical towards mono-ideologies.[7] By "mono-ideologies", they mean all those ideologies which promote "universal and one-dimensional truths", unable to grasp the complexity of reality and therefore doomed to failure one after the other.[8] These mono-ideologies includeChristianity and theAbrahamic monotheisms in general, and all the systems of thought and practice that these religions spawned throughout history, including bothMarxism andcapitalism, the general Westernrationalistic mode of thinking begotten by theAge of Enlightenment,[7] and ultimately the technocratic civilisation based on the idea of possession, exploitation and consumption of the environment.[9] They are regarded as having led the world and humanity to a dead-end,[10] and as destined to disappear and to be supplanted by the values represented by Rodnovery itself.[7] To the "unipolar" world created by the mono-ideologies, and led by theAmerican-influenced West, the Rodnovers opposetheir political philosophy of "nativism" and "multipolarism".[11]
Old Testament theology and Christianity are regarded by Rodnovers as the primary cause of the degradation of the world and of humanity,[9] as the root of all the "mono-ideologies" promoting "universal and one-dimensional truths" and smothering the multiplicity of reality.[12] These "mono-ideologies" comprehend all their secular ideological products, including bothMarxism andcapitalism, the general Westernrationalism begotten by theAge of Enlightenment,[12] and ultimately the technocratic civilisation based on the idea of possession, exploitation and consumption of the environment.[9] For its claim to have a monopoly on truth, Rodnovers often equate Christianity withSoviet Marxism.[13] The RussianvolkhvDobroslav (Aleksey Dobrovolsky) declared that:[14]
Nature-swallowing capitalism is an ugly child of the Judeo-Christian civilisation ... the only way out is to go back ... from the cult of profit to the cult of life.
All these ideologies, based on the principle of the verb "to have", are thought by Rodnovers to be the iteration of the existential model introduced by Abrahamic theology and Christian theology in particular, which "paradoxically combines the broadest freedom of human personality with the ontological primacy of the absolute" God and his deterministic will.[15]
^Гаджиев, Камалудин Серажудинович."Моноидеология".Studme. Retrieved2022-06-21.В обоих главных типах тоталитаризма все без исключения ресурсы, будь то материальные, человеческие или интеллектуальные, направлены на достижение одной универсальной цели: тысячелетнего рейха в одном случае и коммунистического царства всеобщего счастья — в другом.
^Гаджиев, Камалудин Серажудинович."Моноидеология".Studme. Retrieved2024-12-06.[...] партийному монизму соответствует монизм идеологический, который пронизывает всю иерархию властных отношений сверху донизу — от главы государства и партии вплоть до самых низших звеньев власти и ячеек общества.
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——— (2016).Paganism, Traditionalism, Nationalism: Narratives of Russian Rodnoverie. London and New York: Routledge.ISBN9781472460271.
Gaidukov, Alexey (2013). "The Russian-Language Internet and Rodnoverie". In Kaarina Aitamurto; Scott Simpson (eds.).Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Durham: Acumen. pp. 315–332.ISBN9781844656622.
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Lesiv, Mariya (2013a).The Return of Ancestral Gods: Modern Ukrainian Paganism as an Alternative Vision for a Nation. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press.ISBN9780773542624.
——— (2013b). "Ukrainian Paganism and Syncretism: 'This Is Indeed Ours!'". In Kaarina Aitamurto; Scott Simpson (eds.).Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Durham: Acumen. pp. 128–145.ISBN9781844656622.
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Prokofiev, A.; Filatov, S.; Koskello, A. (2006). "Славянское и скандинавское язычества. Викканство" [Slavic and Scandinavian Paganism, and Wiccanism]. In Bourdeaux, Michael; Filatov, Sergey (eds.).Современная религиозная жизнь России. Опыт систематического описания [Contemporary religious life of Russia. Systematic description of experiences] (in Russian). Vol. 4. Moscow:Keston Institute; Logos. pp. 155–207.ISBN5987040574.
Simpson, Scott; Filip, Mariusz (2013). "Selected Words for Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe". In Kaarina Aitamurto; Scott Simpson (eds.).Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Durham: Acumen. pp. 27–43.ISBN9781844656622.
Simpson, Scott (2013). "Polish Rodzimowierstwo: Strategies for (Re)constructing a Movement". In Kaarina Aitamurto; Scott Simpson (eds.).Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Durham: Acumen. pp. 112–127.ISBN9781844656622.
Shnirelman, Victor A. (2000). "Perun, Svarog and Others: Russian Neo-Paganism in Search of Itself".The Cambridge Journal of Anthropology.21 (3):18–36.JSTOR23818709.
——— (2013). "Russian Neopaganism: From Ethnic Religion to Racial Violence". In Kaarina Aitamurto; Scott Simpson (eds.).Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Durham: Acumen. pp. 62–71.ISBN9781844656622.
Veletskaya, N. N. (1991). "Forms of Transformation of Pagan Symbolism in the Old Believer Tradition".Soviet Anthropology and Archeology.29 (4):20–42.doi:10.2753/AAE1061-1959290420.
