27°10′N91°10′E / 27.167°N 91.167°E /27.167; 91.167
Mongar District མོང་སྒར་རྫོང་ཁག། | |
|---|---|
 Map of Mongar District in Bhutan | |
| Country |  Bhutan |
| District | Mongar District |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,859 km2 (1,104 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,600 m (5,200 ft) |
| Population (2017) | |
• Total | 37,150 |
| • Density | 12.99/km2 (33.65/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (BTT) |
| HDI (2019) | 0.602[1] medium ·17th of 20 |
| Website | www |
Mongar District (Dzongkha: མོང་སྒར་རྫོང་ཁག།;Wylie:Mong-sgar rdzong-khag) is one of the 20dzongkhags (districts) comprisingBhutan. Mongar is the fastest-developing dzongkhag in eastern Bhutan. A regional hospital has been constructed and the region is bustling with many economic activities. Mongar is noted for itslemon grass, a plant that can be used to produce anessential oil. It also has ahydroelectric power-plant on theKuri Chhu river. Mongar is notable for having the longest work time in all the dzongkhags of Bhutan.[2][better source needed]
Mongar is home to a variety ofBhutanese languages and dialects. In the east, theEast BodishTshangla (Sharchopkha) is the dominant language, also used as a regionallingua franca.[3]
Central Mongar is the only region where the East BodishChali language is spoken, by about at total of 8,200 people in Wangmakhar, Gorsum and Tormazhong villages, mainly in and aroundChhali Gewog on the east bank of theKuri Chhu River. Some people from Tormazhong speaks kurteop too.[3]
Southern Mongar is likewise unique for its 1,000Gongduk speakers living in a few inaccessible villages ofGongdue Gewog near theKuri Chhu river. The language appears to be the sole representative of a unique branch of theTibeto-Burman language family and retains the complex verbal agreement system of Proto-Tibeto-Burman.[4][5]
In southwestern Mongar, residents speakKhengkha, an East Bodish language closely related toBumthangkha languages includingKurtöp. Bumthangkha itself is also spoken by the natives of extreme northwest Mongar. Residents of the Kuri Chhu valley of northern Mongar speakChochangachakha language, a Central Bodish language very closely related toDzongkha, the national language.[3][6][7][8][9]
Mongar District is divided into seventeen village blocks (orgewogs):[10]
The western Mongar District contains part of theThrumshingla National Park (thegewogs ofSaling and theTsamang) and the northeastern Mongar District contains part of theBumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary (thegewog ofSharmung).[10][11]
TheKuri Chhu river flows through the Mongar District valley. The Kuri Chhu, a major river of eastern Bhutan, is a tributary of the Manas River system, which is the largest river in Bhutan and a major tributary of the Brahmaputra River, the waterway that drains most of the eastern region.[12]
| Climate data for Mongar, elevation 1,600 m (5,200 ft), (1996–2017 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) | 25.5 (77.9) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 34.0 (93.2) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.0 (91.4) | 34.0 (93.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 31.5 (88.7) | 27.0 (80.6) | 22.5 (72.5) | 34.0 (93.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.7 (62.1) | 19.1 (66.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 23.6 (74.5) | 25.5 (77.9) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.7 (80.1) | 27.3 (81.1) | 26.4 (79.5) | 24.4 (75.9) | 20.8 (69.4) | 17.8 (64.0) | 23.1 (73.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.3 (52.3) | 13.3 (55.9) | 16.3 (61.3) | 18.4 (65.1) | 20.4 (68.7) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.7 (72.9) | 21.8 (71.2) | 19.1 (66.4) | 15.4 (59.7) | 12.5 (54.5) | 18.0 (64.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.8 (42.4) | 7.5 (45.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 15.2 (59.4) | 17.6 (63.7) | 18.1 (64.6) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.1 (62.8) | 13.7 (56.7) | 10.0 (50.0) | 7.2 (45.0) | 12.8 (55.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) | −1.0 (30.2) | 5.0 (41.0) | 7.0 (44.6) | 11.0 (51.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 14.0 (57.2) | 15.0 (59.0) | 13.0 (55.4) | 8.0 (46.4) | 4.0 (39.2) | 2.0 (35.6) | −1.0 (30.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 6.0 (0.24) | 11.3 (0.44) | 36.3 (1.43) | 82.7 (3.26) | 93.1 (3.67) | 132.7 (5.22) | 196.0 (7.72) | 161.2 (6.35) | 113.0 (4.45) | 75.9 (2.99) | 3.5 (0.14) | 2.7 (0.11) | 914.4 (36.02) |
| Average rainy days | 0.9 | 1.6 | 5.4 | 9.0 | 9.7 | 13.1 | 16.8 | 14.4 | 10.4 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 87.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 70.1 | 71.4 | 70.6 | 74.9 | 77.2 | 83.5 | 86.1 | 84.5 | 84.3 | 75.6 | 70.0 | 69.6 | 76.5 |
| Source 1: National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology[13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: World Meteorological Organization (rainy days 1996–2018)[14] | |||||||||||||