Moncton | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Logo | |
| Nicknames: | |
| Motto(s): | |
 Interactive map outlining Moncton | |
  Moncton Location of Moncton in Canada Show map of Canada Moncton Moncton (New Brunswick) Show map of New Brunswick | |
| Coordinates:46°07′58″N64°46′17″W / 46.13278°N 64.77139°W /46.13278; -64.77139 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | New Brunswick |
| County | Westmorland |
| Parish | Moncton Parish |
| Founded | 1766 (as The Bend of the Petitcodiac, or simply The Bend) |
| Incorporated | 1855, 1875 |
| Named after | Robert Monckton |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| • Mayor | Paulette Thériault (acting) |
| • Governing Body | Moncton City Council |
| • MP | Ginette Petitpas Taylor |
| • MLAs | Tania Sodhi Alexandre Cédric Doucet Rob McKee Claire Johnson Sherry Wilson |
| Area | |
• City | 140.67 km2 (54.31 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 110.73 km2 (42.75 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,562.47 km2 (989.38 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 70 m (230 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population | |
• City | 79,470 |
| • Density | 564/km2 (1,460/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 119,785 |
| • Urban density | 1,081.8/km2 (2,802/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 157,717 |
| • Metro density | 61.5/km2 (159/sq mi) |
| • Demonym | Monctonian |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−3 (ADT) |
| Canadian Postal code | |
| Area code | 506 and 428 |
| NTS Map | 21I2 Moncton |
| GNBC Code | DADHJ[5] |
| Highways |  Route 2 (TCH) Route 11 Route 15 Route 106 Route 114 Route 115 Route 126 Route 128 Route 132 Route 134 Route 490 |
| GDP (MonctonCMA) | CA$6.9 billion (2016)[6] |
| GDP per capita (MonctonCMA) | CA$47,959 (2016) |
| Website | moncton |
Moncton (/ˈmʌŋktən/;French pronunciation:[mɔŋktœn]) is the most populous city in theCanadian province ofNew Brunswick. Situated in thePetitcodiac River Valley, it lies at the geographic centre of theMaritime Provinces. The city has earned the nickname "Hub City" because of its central inland location in the region and its history as a railway and land transportation hub for the Maritimes. As of the 2024 Statistics Canada estimates, the city had a population of 97,523. The metropolitan population in 2024 was 188,036, making it the fastest growingcensus metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada for the year with a growth rate of 5.1%.[8] Its land area is 140.67 km2 (54.31 sq mi).[2]
Although the Moncton area was first settled in 1733, Moncton was officially founded in 1766 with the arrival ofPennsylvania German immigrants fromPhiladelphia. Initially an agricultural settlement, Moncton was not incorporated until 1855. It was named for Lt. Col.Robert Monckton, the British officer who had captured nearbyFort Beauséjour a century earlier. A significant wooden shipbuilding industry had developed in the community by the mid-1840s, allowing for the civic incorporation of the town in 1855. The shipbuilding economy collapsed in the 1860s, causing the town to lose its civic charter in 1862. Moncton regained its charter in 1875 after the community's economy rebounded, mainly due to a growing railway industry. In 1871, theIntercolonial Railway of Canada chose Moncton as its headquarters, and Moncton remained a railway town for well over a century until theCanadian National Railway (CNR) locomotive shops closed in the late 1980s.
Although Moncton's economy was significantly impacted by the collapse of the shipbuilding industry in the 1860s and by the closure of the CNR locomotive shops in the 1980s, the city was able to rebound strongly on both occasions. It adopted the mottoResurgo (Latin: "I rise again") after its rebirth as arailway town.[9] Its economy is stable and diversified, primarily based on its traditional transportation, distribution, retailing, and commercial heritage, and supplemented by strength in the educational, health care, financial, information technology, and insurance sectors. The strength of Moncton's economy has received national recognition in part due to a local unemployment rate that is consistently lower than the national average.
Acadians settled the head of theBay of Fundy in the 1670s.[10] The first reference to the "Petcoucoyer River" was on the De Meulles map of 1686.[11] Settlement of thePetitcodiac andMemramcook river valleys began about 1700, gradually extending inland and reaching the site of present-day Moncton in 1733. The first Acadian settlers in the Moncton area established a marshland farming community and chose to name their settlementLe Coude ("The Elbow"),[12] an allusion to the 90° bend in the river near the site of the settlement.
In 1755, nearbyFort Beauséjour was captured by British forces under the command of Lt. Col.Robert Monckton.[13] The Beaubassin region including the Memramcook and Petitcodiac river valleys subsequently fell under English control.[14] Later that year, GovernorCharles Lawrence issued a decree ordering theexpulsion of the Acadian population fromNova Scotia (including recently captured areas of Acadia such as Le Coude). This action came to be known as the "Great Upheaval".[15]
The reaches of the upper Petitcodiac River valley then came under the control of the Philadelphia Land Company (one of the principals of which wasBenjamin Franklin.) In 1766,Pennsylvania German settlers arrived to reestablish the preexisting farming community at Le Coude.[16] The Settlers consisted of eight families: Heinrich Stief (Steeves), Jacob Treitz (Trites), Matthias Sommer (Somers), Jacob Reicker (Ricker), Charles Jones (Schantz),[17] George Wortmann (Wortman), Michael Lutz (Lutes), and George Koppel (Copple). There is a plaque dedicated in their honour at the mouth of Hall's Creek.[18] They renamed the settlement "The Bend".[12] The Bend remained an agricultural settlement for nearly 80 more years. Even by 1836, there were only 20 households in the community. At that time, the Westmorland Road became open to year-round travel and a regular mail coach service was established betweenSaint John andHalifax. The Bend became an important transfer and rest station along the route. Over the next decade, lumbering and then shipbuilding became important industries in the area.
The community's turning point came whenJoseph Salter took over (and expanded) a shipyard at the Bend in 1847. The shipyard grew to employ about 400 workers. The Bend subsequently developed a service-based economy to support the shipyard and gradually began to acquire all the amenities of a growing town.[19] The prosperity engendered by the woodenshipbuilding industry allowed The Bend to incorporate as the town of Moncton in 1855. Although the town was named for Monckton,[12] a clerical error at the time the town was incorporated resulted in the misspelling of its name, which has remained to the present day. Moncton's first mayor was the shipbuilder Joseph Salter.
In 1857, theEuropean and North American Railway opened its line from Moncton to nearbyShediac. This was followed in 1859 by a line from Moncton toSaint John.[20] At about the time of the railway's arrival, the popularity of steam-powered ships forced an end to the era of wooden shipbuilding. The Salter shipyard closed in 1858. The resulting industrial collapse caused Moncton to surrender its civic charter in 1862.[12]
Moncton's economic depression did not last long; a second era of prosperity came to the area in 1871, when Moncton was selected to be the headquarters of theIntercolonial Railway of Canada (ICR).[12] The arrival of the ICR in Moncton was a seminal event for the community. For the next 120 years, the history of the city was firmly linked with the railway's. In 1875,[12] Moncton reincorporated as a town, and a year later, the ICR line toQuebec opened. The railway boom that emanated from this and the associated employment growth allowed Moncton to achieve city status on April 23, 1890.[21]
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Moncton grew rapidly during the early 20th century, particularly after provincial lobbying helped the city become the eastern terminus of the massiveNational Transcontinental Railway project in 1912.[22] In 1918, the federal government merged the ICR and theNational Transcontinental Railway (NTR) into the newly formedCanadian National Railways (CNR) system.[22] The ICR shops became CNR's major locomotive repair facility for the Maritimes and Moncton became the headquarters for CNR's Maritime division.[23] TheT. Eaton Company's catalogue warehouse moved to the city in the early 1920s, employing over 700 people.[24] Transportation and distribution became increasingly important to Moncton's economy in the mid-20th century. The first scheduled air service out of Moncton was established in 1928. During theSecond World War, theCanadian Army built a large military supply base in the city to service the Maritime military establishment. The CNR continued to dominate the economy of the city; railway employment in Moncton peaked at nearly 6,000 workers in the 1950s before beginning a slow decline.[25]
Moncton was placed on theTrans-Canada Highway network in the early 1960s afterRoute 2 was built along the city's northern perimeter. Later, theRoute 15 was built between the city andShediac.[26] At the same time, thePetitcodiac River Causeway was constructed.[12] TheUniversité de Moncton was founded in 1963[27] and became an important resource in the development of Acadian culture in the area.[28]
The late 1970s and the 1980s were a period of economic hardship for the city as several major employers closed or restructured.[29] TheEatons catalogue division, CNR's locomotive shops facility andCFB Moncton closed during this time,[30] throwing thousands of citizens out of work.[31]
The city diversified in the early 1990s with the rise of information technology, led bycall centres that made use of the city'sbilingual workforce.[32] By the late 1990s, retail, manufacturing and service expansion began to occur in all sectors and within a decade of the closure of the CNR locomotive shops Moncton had more than made up for its employment losses. This dramatic turnaround in the city's fortunes has been termed the "Moncton Miracle".[33]
The community's growth has accelerated since the 1990s. The confidence of the community has been bolstered by its ability to host major events such as theFrancophonie Summit in 1999, aRolling Stones concert in 2005, theMemorial Cup in 2006, and both theIAAF World Junior Championships in Athletics and a neutral site regular season CFL football game in 2010.[34] Positive developments include theAtlantic Baptist University (later renamedCrandall University) achieving full university status and relocating to a new campus in 1996, the Greater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport opening a new terminal building and becoming a designated international airport in 2002,[35] and the opening of the newGunningsville Bridge to Riverview in 2005.[36] In 2002, Moncton became Canada's first officially bilingual city.[37] In the 2006 census, it was designated aCensus Metropolitan Area and became New Brunswick's largest metropolitan area.[38]
On 1 January 2023, Moncton annexed an area including Charles Lutes Road and Zack Road.[39][40]
Moncton lies in southeasternNew Brunswick, at the geographic centre of theMaritime Provinces. The city is along the north bank of the Petitcodiac River at a point where the river bends acutely from west−east to north−south flow. This geographical feature has contributed significantly to historical names for the community.Petitcodiac in theMi'kmaq language has been translated as "bends like a bow". The early Acadian settlers in the region named their communityLe Coude ("the elbow").[12] Subsequent English immigrants changed the settlement's name to The Bend of the Petitcodiac (or simply "The Bend").[12]
The Petitcodiac river valley at Moncton is broad and relatively flat, bounded by a long ridge to the north (Lutes Mountain) and by the rugged Caledonia Highlands to the south. Moncton lies at the original head of navigation on the river, but a causeway to Riverview (constructed in 1968) resulted in extensivesedimentation of the river channel downstream and rendered the Moncton area of the waterway unnavigable.[12] On April 14, 2010, the causeway gates were opened in an effort to restore the silt-laden river.[41]
The Petitcodiac River exhibits one of North America's fewtidal bores: a regularly occurring wave that travels up the river on the leading edge of the incoming tide. The bore is a result of theBay of Fundy's extreme tides. Originally, the bore was very impressive, sometimes between 1 and 2 metres (3 ft 3 in and 6 ft 7 in) high and extending across the 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) width of the Petitcodiac River in the Moncton area. This wave occurred twice a day at high tide, travelling at an average speed of 13 km/h (8.1 mph) and producing an audible roar.[42] Unsurprisingly, the "bore" became a very popular early tourist attraction for the city, but when the Petitcodiac causeway was built in the 1960s, the river channel quickly silted in and reduced the bore so that it rarely exceeded 15 to 20 centimetres (5.9 to 7.9 in) in height.[43] On April 14, 2010, the causeway gates were opened in an effort to restore the silt-laden river.[41] A recent tidal bore since the opening of the causeway gates measured a 2-foot-high (0.61 m) wave, unseen for many years.[44]
Despite being less than 50 km (31 mi) from theBay of Fundy and less than 30 km (19 mi) from theNorthumberland Strait, the climate tends to be more continental than maritime during the summer and winter seasons, with maritime influences somewhat tempering the transitional seasons of spring and autumn.[45]
Moncton has a warm summerhumid continental climate (Köppen climate classificationDfb) with uniform precipitation distribution. Winter days are typically cold but sunny, with solar radiation generating some warmth. Daytime high temperatures usually range a few degrees below the freezing point. Major snowfalls can result fromNor'easter ocean storms moving up the east coast of North America.[46] These major snowfalls typically average 20–30 cm (8–12 in) and are frequently mixed with rain or freezing rain. Spring is often delayed because thesea ice that forms in the nearbyGulf of St. Lawrence during the winter requires time to melt, and this cools onshore winds, which can extend inland as far as Moncton. The ice burden in the gulf has diminished considerably over the last decade,[47] and the springtime cooling effect has weakened as a result. Daytime temperatures above freezing are typical by late February. Trees are usually in full leaf by May.[48] Summers are warm, sometimes hot, and can be somewhat humid due to the seasonal prevailing westerly winds strengthening the climate's continental tendencies.[45] Daytime highs sometimes reach more than 30 °C (86 °F). Rainfall is generally modest, especially in late July and August, and short periods of drought occur on occasion.[48] Autumn daytime temperatures remain mild until late October.[45] First snowfalls usually do not occur until late November and consistent snow cover on the ground does not happen until late December. New Brunswick's Fundy coast occasionally experiences the effects of post-tropical storms.[48] The stormiest weather of the year, with the greatest precipitation and the strongest winds, usually occurs during the fall/winter transition (November to mid-January).[48]
The highest temperature ever recorded in Moncton was 37.8 °C (100 °F) on August 18 and 19, 1935.[49] The coldest ever recorded was −37.8 °C (−36 °F) on February 5, 1948.[50]
| Climate data for Moncton, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1881–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.2 (63.0) | 18.0 (64.4) | 26.1 (79.0) | 29.0 (84.2) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.4 (93.9) | 36.1 (97.0) | 37.8 (100.0) | 35.0 (95.0) | 28.3 (82.9) | 23.0 (73.4) | 18.3 (64.9) | 37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) | −1.7 (28.9) | 2.7 (36.9) | 9.0 (48.2) | 16.5 (61.7) | 21.9 (71.4) | 25.3 (77.5) | 24.7 (76.5) | 20.0 (68.0) | 13.2 (55.8) | 6.4 (43.5) | −0.1 (31.8) | 11.2 (52.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.2 (17.2) | −7.0 (19.4) | −2.3 (27.9) | 4.2 (39.6) | 10.7 (51.3) | 16.0 (60.8) | 19.5 (67.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 14.5 (58.1) | 8.3 (46.9) | 2.5 (36.5) | −4.3 (24.3) | 6.1 (43.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.1 (8.4) | −12.2 (10.0) | −7.2 (19.0) | −0.7 (30.7) | 4.9 (40.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 13.7 (56.7) | 13.2 (55.8) | 8.9 (48.0) | 3.3 (37.9) | −1.5 (29.3) | −8.4 (16.9) | 0.9 (33.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36.7 (−34.1) | −37.8 (−36.0) | −31.7 (−25.1) | −17.8 (0.0) | −7.2 (19.0) | −3.9 (25.0) | 0.0 (32.0) | −1.1 (30.0) | −6.1 (21.0) | −9.4 (15.1) | −21.1 (−6.0) | −34.4 (−29.9) | −37.8 (−36.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 97.7 (3.85) | 84.0 (3.31) | 105.9 (4.17) | 92.0 (3.62) | 101.7 (4.00) | 88.0 (3.46) | 84.8 (3.34) | 76.6 (3.02) | 93.7 (3.69) | 105.9 (4.17) | 93.8 (3.69) | 100.0 (3.94) | 1,124 (44.25) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 30.3 (1.19) | 30.2 (1.19) | 47.4 (1.87) | 63.4 (2.50) | 96.8 (3.81) | 88.0 (3.46) | 84.8 (3.34) | 76.6 (3.02) | 93.7 (3.69) | 104.6 (4.12) | 77.1 (3.04) | 49.1 (1.93) | 842.0 (33.15) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 67.4 (26.5) | 53.8 (21.2) | 58.5 (23.0) | 28.5 (11.2) | 4.9 (1.9) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.3 (0.5) | 16.7 (6.6) | 50.8 (20.0) | 282.0 (111.0) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 14.6 | 11.8 | 13.6 | 14.2 | 14.8 | 13.4 | 12.5 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 13.1 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 160.8 |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 4.8 | 4.3 | 7.0 | 11.3 | 14.6 | 13.4 | 12.5 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 12.9 | 12.6 | 7.1 | 122.8 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.2 cm) | 11.7 | 9.1 | 8.7 | 5.2 | 0.75 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.36 | 4.3 | 10.1 | 50.1 |
| Source:Environment Canada[50][51][52][49] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data forGreater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1939–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record highhumidex | 20.1 | 16.3 | 28.5 | 30.0 | 37.6 | 40.9 | 43.7 | 44.5 | 40.9 | 33.0 | 28.2 | 20.3 | 44.5 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.1 (61.0) | 15.3 (59.5) | 26.1 (79.0) | 28.5 (83.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 35.6 (96.1) | 37.2 (99.0) | 34.1 (93.4) | 30.4 (86.7) | 23.7 (74.7) | 17.8 (64.0) | 37.2 (99.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.5 (25.7) | −2.5 (27.5) | 2.2 (36.0) | 8.6 (47.5) | 16.1 (61.0) | 21.3 (70.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 24.7 (76.5) | 20.2 (68.4) | 13.2 (55.8) | 6.3 (43.3) | 0.0 (32.0) | 11.0 (51.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.4 (16.9) | −7.6 (18.3) | −2.6 (27.3) | 3.6 (38.5) | 10.0 (50.0) | 15.3 (59.5) | 19.3 (66.7) | 18.7 (65.7) | 14.2 (57.6) | 8.1 (46.6) | 2.1 (35.8) | −4.4 (24.1) | 5.7 (42.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.3 (8.1) | −12.7 (9.1) | −7.4 (18.7) | −1.5 (29.3) | 3.9 (39.0) | 9.2 (48.6) | 13.4 (56.1) | 12.7 (54.9) | 8.1 (46.6) | 2.9 (37.2) | −2.2 (28.0) | −8.7 (16.3) | 0.4 (32.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −32.2 (−26.0) | −31.7 (−25.1) | −27.4 (−17.3) | −16.1 (3.0) | −6.1 (21.0) | −2.1 (28.2) | 1.2 (34.2) | 0.6 (33.1) | −3.3 (26.1) | −10 (14) | −17.4 (0.7) | −29 (−20) | −32.2 (−26.0) |
| Record lowwind chill | −49.4 | −46.0 | −39.3 | −27.7 | −12.6 | −4.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −9.0 | −14.7 | −27.1 | −43.5 | −49.4 |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 102.4 (4.03) | 87.7 (3.45) | 110.8 (4.36) | 94.2 (3.71) | 98.4 (3.87) | 95.4 (3.76) | 87.1 (3.43) | 77.2 (3.04) | 102.9 (4.05) | 123.5 (4.86) | 108.5 (4.27) | 115.2 (4.54) | 1,203.3 (47.37) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 31.4 (1.24) | 25.8 (1.02) | 49.7 (1.96) | 60.7 (2.39) | 96.0 (3.78) | 95.1 (3.74) | 87.1 (3.43) | 77.2 (3.04) | 102.9 (4.05) | 121.7 (4.79) | 88.1 (3.47) | 56.4 (2.22) | 892.1 (35.13) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 73.9 (29.1) | 65.0 (25.6) | 60.3 (23.7) | 29.2 (11.5) | 2.3 (0.9) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.6 (0.6) | 18.7 (7.4) | 59.0 (23.2) | 310.0 (122.0) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 16.9 | 13.6 | 14.8 | 15.1 | 16.1 | 15.3 | 14.5 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 16.4 | 176.2 |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 6.0 | 4.4 | 8.0 | 12.2 | 16.0 | 15.3 | 14.5 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 14.0 | 12.5 | 8.7 | 135.5 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.2 cm) | 15.0 | 12.4 | 11.4 | 6.5 | 0.76 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.43 | 5.7 | 12.1 | 64.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 15:00 LST) | 70.7 | 66.3 | 63.3 | 60.2 | 58.3 | 59.2 | 60.5 | 59.2 | 60.7 | 63.6 | 70.9 | 74.5 | 64.0 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 116.2 | 124.3 | 139.9 | 165.6 | 207.5 | 232.8 | 256.3 | 241.1 | 173.3 | 149.4 | 95.1 | 101.1 | 2,002.2 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 41.3 | 42.7 | 37.9 | 40.8 | 44.8 | 49.4 | 53.8 | 55.0 | 45.9 | 44.0 | 33.4 | 37.5 | 43.9 |
| Source:Environment Canada[53][54][55] | |||||||||||||
Moncton generally remains a "low rise" city, but its skyline encompasses buildings and structures with varying architectural styles from many periods. The city's most dominant structure is theBell Aliant Tower, a 127 metres (417 ft)microwave communications tower built in 1971. When it was constructed, it was the tallest microwave communications tower of its kind in North America. It remains the tallest structure in Moncton, dwarfing the neighbouring Place L'Assomption by 46 metres (151 ft).[56] Indeed, the Bell Aliant Tower is also the tallest free-standing structure in all four Atlantic provinces.[citation needed]Assumption Place is a 20-story office building and the headquarters ofAssumption Mutual Life Insurance. This building is 81 metres (266 ft) tall and tied with Brunswick Square (Saint John) as the tallest building in the province.[57] TheBlue Cross Centre is a nine-story building inDowntown Moncton. It is architecturally distinctive, encompasses a full city block, and is the city's largest office building by square footage.[58] It is the home ofMedavie Blue Cross and theMoncton Public Library. There are about a half dozen other buildings in Moncton between eight and 12 stories, including the Delta Beausejour and Brunswick Crowne Plaza Hotels and the Terminal Plaza office complex.
The most popular park in the area isCentennial Park which has lighted cross country skiing and hiking trails, the city's largest playground, lawn bowling and tennis facilities, a boating pond, a treetop adventure course, and Rocky Stone Field, a city owned 2,500 seat football stadium with artificial turf, and home to the Moncton Minor Football Association.[59] The city's other main parks areMapleton Park in the city's north end,Irishtown Nature Park (one of the largest urban nature parks in Canada) and St. Anselme Park (located inDieppe). The numerous neighbourhood parks throughout themetro Moncton area include Bore View Park (which overlooks the Petitcodiac River), and the downtownVictoria Park, which features abandshell, flower gardens, fountain, and the city'scenotaph.[60] There is an extensive system of hiking and biking trails inMetro Moncton. TheRiverfront Trail is part of theTrans Canada Trail system, and various monuments and pavilions can be found along its length.[61]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1861 | 1,396 | — |
| 1871 | 600 | −57.0% |
| 1881 | 5,032 | +738.7% |
| 1891 | 8,762 | +74.1% |
| 1901 | 9,026 | +3.0% |
| 1911 | 11,345 | +25.7% |
| 1921 | 17,488 | +54.1% |
| 1931 | 20,689 | +18.3% |
| 1941 | 22,763 | +10.0% |
| 1951 | 27,334 | +20.1% |
| 1956 | 36,003 | +31.7% |
| 1961 | 43,840 | +21.8% |
| 1966 | 45,847 | +4.6% |
| 1971 | 54,864 | +19.7% |
| 1976 | 55,934 | +2.0% |
| 1981 | 54,741 | −2.1% |
| 1986 | 55,468 | +1.3% |
| 1991 | 56,823 | +2.4% |
| 1996 | 59,313 | +4.4% |
| 2001 | 61,046 | +2.9% |
| 2006 | 64,128 | +5.0% |
| 2011 | 69,074 | +7.7% |
| 2016 | 71,889 | +4.1% |
| 2021 | 79,470 | +10.5% |
In the2021 Census of Population conducted byStatistics Canada, the City of Moncton had a population of79,470 living in35,118 of its37,318 total private dwellings, a change of10.5% from its 2016 population of71,889. With a land area of 140.67 km2 (54.31 sq mi), it had a population density of564.9/km2 (1,463.2/sq mi) in 2021.[62]
Moncton's urban area (population centre) had a population of119,785 living in an area of 110.73 km2 (42.75 sq mi). Residents lived in 51,830 dwellings out of the 54,519 total private dwellings.[4]
Greater Moncton, the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA), had a population of157,717 living in67,179 of its70,460 total private dwellings; a change of8.9% from its 2016 population of144,810. The CMA includes the neighbouring city ofDieppe and the town ofRiverview, as well as adjacent suburban areas inWestmorland andAlbert counties.[63] With a land area of 2,562.47 km2 (989.38 sq mi), it had a population density of61.5/km2 (159.4/sq mi) in 2021.[64]
Moncton's urban area is the third largest in Atlantic Canada, afterHalifax, Nova Scotia, andSt. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, and the second largest inThe Maritimes.
In 2016, the median age in Moncton was 41.4, close to the national median age of 41.2.
The2021 census reported thatimmigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 8,460 persons or 10.9% of the total population of Moncton. Of the total immigrant population, the top countries of origin were Philippines (795 persons or 9.4%), India (655 persons or 7.7%), United States of America (555 persons or 6.6%), China (475 persons or 5.6%), Nigeria (470 persons or 5.6%), United Kingdom (395 persons or 4.7%), Syria (385 persons or 4.6%), South Korea (380 persons or 4.5%), France (290 persons or 3.4%), and Democratic Republic of the Congo (270 persons or 3.2%).[65]
As of 2021, approximately 82.4% of Moncton's residents were of European ancestry, while 14.9% were visible minorities and 2.7% were Indigenous.[65] The largest ethnic minority groups in Moncton were Black (5.3%), South Asian (3.0%), Arab (1.5%), Filipino (1.3%), Chinese (0.9%), Southeast Asian (0.8%), Korean (0.7%), and Latin American (0.7%).[65]
| Panethnic group | 2021[65] | 2016[66] | 2011[67] | 2006[68] | 2001[69] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| European[a] | 63,780 | 82.4% | 63,130 | 90.04% | 62,730 | 93% | 60,575 | 96.2% | 58,450 | 97.29% |
| African | 4,075 | 5.26% | 1,830 | 2.61% | 1,180 | 1.75% | 710 | 1.13% | 555 | 0.92% |
| South Asian | 2,310 | 2.98% | 330 | 0.47% | 490 | 0.73% | 265 | 0.42% | 145 | 0.24% |
| Indigenous | 2,080 | 2.69% | 1,795 | 2.56% | 1,415 | 2.1% | 640 | 1.02% | 470 | 0.78% |
| Southeast Asian[b] | 1,595 | 2.06% | 665 | 0.95% | 505 | 0.75% | 115 | 0.18% | 95 | 0.16% |
| East Asian[c] | 1,300 | 1.68% | 1,085 | 1.55% | 690 | 1.02% | 275 | 0.44% | 215 | 0.36% |
| Middle Eastern[d] | 1,260 | 1.63% | 950 | 1.35% | 270 | 0.4% | 185 | 0.29% | 65 | 0.11% |
| Latin American | 565 | 0.73% | 195 | 0.28% | 85 | 0.13% | 55 | 0.09% | 25 | 0.04% |
| Other/multiracial[e] | 440 | 0.57% | 135 | 0.19% | 85 | 0.13% | 150 | 0.24% | 65 | 0.11% |
| Total responses | 77,405 | 97.4% | 70,115 | 97.53% | 67,450 | 97.65% | 62,965 | 98.19% | 60,080 | 98.42% |
| Total population | 79,470 | 100% | 71,889 | 100% | 69,074 | 100% | 64,128 | 100% | 61,046 | 100% |
| Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses | ||||||||||
| Census | Total | English | French | English & French | Other | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | |||||
2021 | 78,210 | 45,765 |  4.68% | 58.52% | 21,375 |  0.95% | 27.33% | 2,230 | 79.12% | 2.85% | 8,470 | 51.36% | 10.83% | |||||
2016 | 70,670 | 43,720 | 1.60% | 61.87% | 21,580 | 1.43% | 30.54% | 1,245 | 15.81% | 1.76% | 4,120 | 61.57% | 5.83% | |||||
2011 | 67,930 | 43,030 | — | 63.34% | 21,275 | — | 31.32% | 1,075 | — | 1.58% | 2,550 | — | 3.75% | |||||
Moncton is a bilingual city, 58.5% of its residents having English as their mother tongue, while 27.3% have French, 2.9% learned both English and French as a first language, and 10.8% speak another language as their mother tongue.[70] About 46% of the city population isbilingual and understands both English and French;[71] the only other Canadian cities that approach this level of linguistic duality areOttawa,Sudbury, andMontreal. Moncton became the first officially bilingual city in the country in 2002. This means that all municipal services, as well as public notices and information, are available in both French and English.[37] The adjacent city ofDieppe is about 64%Francophone and has benefited from an ongoing rural depopulation of theAcadian Peninsula and areas in northern and easternNew Brunswick.[71] The town ofRiverview meanwhile is heavily (95%)Anglophone.[71]
A total of 67% of its residents are fluent in English and 47% are fluent in French.[72]
Common non-official languages spoken as mother tongues areArabic (1.4%),Punjabi (0.7%),Chinese (0.7%),Tagalog (0.6%),Korean (0.6%),Spanish (0.6%),Vietnamese (0.5%), andPortuguese (0.5%). 1.2% of residents listed both English and a non-official language as mother tongues, while 0.4% listed both French and a non-official language.
According to the2021 census, religious groups in Moncton included:[73]
The underpinnings of the local economy are based on Moncton's heritage as a commercial, distribution, transportation, and retailing centre. This is due to Moncton's central location in the Maritimes: it has the largestcatchment area in Atlantic Canada with 1.6 million people living within a three-hour drive of the city.[74] The insurance, information technology, educational, and health care sectors also are major factors in the local economy with the city's two hospitals alone employing over five thousand people, along with a growing high tech sector that includes companies such as Nanoptix,[75]International Game Technology, OAO Technology Solutions, BMM Test Labs, TrustMe,[76] and BelTek Systems Design.[77]
Moncton has garnered national attention because of the strength of its economy. The local unemployment rate averages around 6%, which is below the national average.[78] In 2004Canadian Business magazine named it "The best city for business in Canada",[79] and in 2007 FDi magazine named it the fifth most business-friendly small-sized city in North America.[80]
Moncton's high proportion of bilingual workers and its status as border-city between majority francophone and majority anglophone areas makes it an attractive centre for both federal employment and the stationing of call-centres for Canadian companies (who provide services in both languages). The city is home to the regional head offices for several Canadian federal agencies such asCorrectional Service Canada,Transport Canada, the Gulf Fisheries Centre and theAtlantic Canada Opportunities Agency. There are 37call centres in the city which employ over 5,000 people. Some of the larger centres includeAsurion,Numeris,ExxonMobil,Royal Bank of Canada,Tangerine Bank,UPS,Fairmont Hotels & Resorts,Rogers Communications andNordia Inc.[81]
A number of nationally or regionally prominent corporations have their head offices in Moncton includingAtlantic Lottery Corporation,Assumption Life Insurance,Medavie Blue Cross Insurance,Armour Transportation Systems andMajor Drilling Group International.TD Bank announced in 2018 a new banking services centre to be located in Moncton which will employ over 1,000 people (including a previously announced customer contact centre).[82] Meanwhile, several arms of theIrving corporation have their head offices and/or major operations in greater Moncton. These include Midland Transport, Majesta/Royale Tissues, Irving Personal Care, Master Packaging, Brunswick News, and Cavendish Farms. Kent Building Supplies (an Irving subsidiary) opened their main distribution centre in the Caledonia Industrial Park in 2014. The Irving group of companies employs several thousand people in the Moncton region.[83]
There are three large industrial parks in the metropolitan area. The Irving operations are concentrated in the Dieppe Industrial Park. The Moncton Industrial Park in the city's west end has been expanded.Molson Coors opened a brewery in the Caledonia Industrial Park in 2007, its first new brewery in over fifty years.[84] All three industrial parks also have large concentrations of warehousing and regional trucking facilities.
A new four-laneGunningsville Bridge was opened in 2005, connecting downtownRiverview directly withdowntown Moncton. On the Moncton side, the bridge connects with an extension of Vaughan Harvey Boulevard as well as to Assumption Boulevard and will serve as a catalyst for economic growth in the downtown area.[85] This has become already evident as an expansion to theBlue Cross Centre was completed in 2006 and aMarriott Residence Inn opened in 2008. The new regionallaw courts on Assumption Blvd opened in 2011. A new 8,800 seat downtown arena (the Avenir Centre) recently opened in September 2018. On theRiverview side, theGunningsville Bridge now connects to a new ring road around the town and is expected to serve as a catalyst for development in eastRiverview.[85]
The retail sector in Moncton has become one of the most important pillars of the local economy. Major retail projects such asChamplain Place in Dieppe and theWheeler Park Power Centre on Trinity Drive have become major destinations for locals and for tourists alike.[86][87]
Tourism is an important industry in Moncton and historically owes its origins to the presence of two natural attractions, the tidal bore of the Petitcodiac River (see above) and the optical illusion ofMagnetic Hill. The tidal bore was the first phenomenon to become an attraction but the construction of the Petitcodiac causeway in the 1960s effectively extirpated the attraction.[42]Magnetic Hill, on the city's northwest outskirts, is the city's most famous attraction. TheMagnetic Hill area includes (in addition to thephenomenon itself), a golf course,major water park,zoo, and anoutdoor concert facility. A $90 millioncasino/hotel/entertainment complex opened atMagnetic Hill in 2010.
Moncton'sCapitol Theatre, an 800-seat restored 1920s-eravaudeville house on Main Street, is the main centre for cultural entertainment for the city.[88][89] The theatre hosts a performing arts series and provides a venue for various theatrical performances as well as Symphony New Brunswick and theAtlantic Ballet Theatre of Canada.[88] The adjacent Empress Theatre offers space for smaller performances and recitals.[88] The Molson Canadian Centre atCasino New Brunswick provides a 2,000-seat venue for major touring artists and performing groups.
The Moncton-based Atlantic Ballet Theatre tours mainly inAtlantic Canada but also tours nationally and internationally on occasion.[90] Théâtre l'Escaouette is a Francophone live theatre company which has its own auditorium and performance space on Botsford Street. The Anglophone Live Bait Theatre is based in the nearby university town ofSackville. There are several private dance and music academies in the metropolitan area, including the Capitol Theatre's own performing arts school.
TheAberdeen Cultural Centre is a major Acadian cultural cooperative containing multiple studios and galleries. Among other tenants, the centre houses the Galerie Sans Nom, the principalprivate art gallery in the city.[91]
The city's two main museums are the Moncton Museum atResurgo Place on Mountain Road[92] and the Musée acadien at Université de Moncton.[93] The Moncton Museum reopened following major renovations and an expansion to include the Transportation Discovery Centre. The Discovery Centre includes many hands on exhibits highlighting the city's transportation heritage. The city also has several recognized historical sites. The Free Meeting House was built in 1821 and is a New England–style meeting house located adjacent to the Moncton Museum.[94] The Thomas Williams House, a former home of a city industrialist built in 1883, is now maintained in period style and serves as agenealogical research centre and is also home to several multicultural organizations.[94] The Treitz Haus is located on the riverfront adjacent to Bore View Park and has been dated to 1769 both by architectural style and bydendrochronology.[95] It is the only surviving building from thePennsylvania Dutch era and is the oldest surviving building in the province of New Brunswick.
In film production, the city has since 1974 been home to theNational Film Board of Canada's French-language Studio Acadie.[96]
Moncton is home tothe Frye Festival, an annual bilingual literary celebration held in honour of world-renowned literary critic and favourite sonNorthrop Frye. This event attracts noted writers and poets from around the world and takes place in the month of April.[97]
The Atlantic Nationals Automotive Extravaganza, held each July, is the largest annual gathering of classic cars in Canada.[98] Other notable events include The Atlantic Seafood Festival[99] in August,The HubCap Comedy Festival,[100] and the World Wine Festival, both held in the spring.
Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral is the location of aninterpretation centre,Monument for Recognition in the 21st century (MR21).[101]
TheAvenir Centre[102] is an 8,800-seat arena which serves as a venue for major concerts and sporting events and is the home of theMoncton Wildcats of theQuebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League and theMoncton Magic of theNational Basketball League of Canada. TheCN Sportplex is a major recreational facility which has been built on the former CN Shops property. It includes ten ballfields, six soccer fields, an indoor rink complex with four ice surfaces (theSuperior Propane Centre) and theHollis Wealth Sports Dome, an indoor air supported multi-use building. The Sports Dome is large enough to allow for year-round football, soccer and golf activities. A newly constructed YMCA near the CN Sportsplex has extensive cardio and weight training facilities, as well as three indoor pools. The CEPS at Université de Moncton contains an indoor track and a 37.5 metres (123 ft) swimming pool with diving towers.[103] The newMoncton Stadium, also located at the U de M campus was built for the 2010IAAF World Junior Track & Field Championships. It has a permanent seating for 10,000, but is expandable to a capacity of over 20,000 for events such as professional Canadian football. The onlyvelodrome in Atlantic Canada is in Dieppe. It has since been closed after 17 years of existence due to safety concerns in May 2018.[104][105] The metro area has a total of 12 indoor hockey rinks and one curling club,Curl Moncton. Other public sporting and recreational facilities are scattered throughout the metropolitan area, including a new $18 million aquatic centre in Dieppe opened in 2009.
TheMoncton Wildcats playmajor junior hockey in theQuebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). They won thePresident's Cup, the QMJHL championship in both 2006 and 2010.[106] Historically there has been a longstanding presence of a Moncton-based team in theMaritime Junior A Hockey League, but theDieppe Commandos (formerly known as the Moncton Beavers) relocated toEdmundston at the end of the 2017 season.[107] Historically, Moncton also was home to a professionalAmerican Hockey League franchise from 1978 to 1994. TheNew Brunswick Hawks won the AHL Calder Cup by defeating the Binghamton Whalers in 1981–1982.[citation needed] TheMoncton Mets played baseball in theNew Brunswick Senior Baseball League and won the Canadian Senior Baseball Championship in 2006.[108] In 2015, the Moncton Fisher Cats began play in the New Brunswick Senior Baseball League. They were formed by a merger between the Moncton Mets and the Hub City Brewers of the NBSBL. In 2011, the Moncton Miracles began play as one of the seven charter franchises of the professionalNational Basketball League of Canada. The franchise failed at the end of the 2016/17 season, to be immediately replaced by a new NBL franchise, theMoncton Magic, who played their inaugural season in 2017/18.[109] TheUniversite de Moncton has a number of activeU Sports programs,[110] whileCrandall University has a number activeCanadian Collegiate Athletic Association programs.[111]
| Club | Sport | League | Venue | Established | Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tri City Tides | Basketball | TBL | Crandall University | 2024 | |
| Moncton Wildcats | Ice hockey | QMJHL | Avenir Centre | 1996 | 2 –President's Cup (QMJHL) |
| Moncton Metropolitans | Baseball | NBSBL | Kiwanis Park | 2015 | 2 – NBSBL Championship (2017, 2019)[112] |
| Moncton Mustangs | Football | MFL | Rocky Stone Field | 2004 | 5 – Maritime Bowl |
| Moncton Mystics | Women's Basketball | MWBA | Crandall University | 2023 | |
| U de M Aigles Bleus | Athletics (M/F) Cross Country Running (M/F) Ice hockey (M/F) Soccer (M/F) Volleyball (F) | AUS | Aréna Jean-Louis-Lévesque U de M CEPS Stade Moncton Stadium | 1964 | Men's Hockey – 11 (AUS), 4 (U Sports) Women's Volleyball – 6 (AUS) Men's Athletics – 6 (AUS) Women's Hockey – 3 (AUS) Women's Athletics – 2 (AUS) |
| Crandall Chargers | Basketball (M/F) Boxing (M/F) Cross Country Running (M/F) Soccer (M/F) Volleyball (M/F) | ACAA | Various Campus Facilities | 1949 | Men's Cross Country – 5 (ACAA) Women's Cross Country – 2 (ACAA) Women's Soccer – 1 (ACAA) |
Moncton has hosted many large entertainment and sporting events. The2006 Memorial Cup was held in Moncton with the hometownMoncton Wildcats losing in the championship final to rivalQuebec Remparts.[113] Moncton hosted theCanadian Interuniversity Sports (CIS) Men's University Hockey Championship in 2007 and 2008.[114] TheWorld Men's Curling Championship was held in Moncton in 2009; the second time this event has taken place in the city.
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Moncton also hosted the 2010IAAFWorld Junior Championships in Athletics. This was the largest sporting event ever held inAtlantic Canada, with athletes from over 170 countries in attendance. The new 10,000-seat capacityMoncton Stadium was built for this event on theUniversité de Moncton campus.[115] The construction of this new stadium led directly to Moncton being awarded a regular season neutral siteCFL game between theToronto Argonauts and theEdmonton Eskimos, which was held on September 26, 2010.[116] This was the first neutral site regular season game in the history of the Canadian Football League and was played before a capacity crowd of 20,750. Additional CFL regular season games were held in 2011 and 2013, and again on August 25, 2019.[117]
Moncton was one of only six Canadian cities chosen to host the2015 FIFA Women's World Cup.
Major sporting events hosted by Moncton include:
The municipal government consists of a mayor and tencity councillors elected to four-year terms of office. Thecouncil is non-partisan with the mayor serving as the chairman, casting a ballot only in cases of a tie vote. There are four wards electing two councillors each with an additional two councillors selected at large by the general electorate. Day-to-day operation of the city is under the control of aCity Manager.[118]
Moncton is in the federal riding ofMoncton—Riverview—Dieppe. Portions of Dieppe are in the federal riding ofBeauséjour, and portions ofRiverview are in the riding ofFundy Royal. In the current federal parliament, two MPs from the metropolitan area belong to theLiberal Party and one to theConservative Party.
| Year | Liberal | Conservative | New Democratic | Green | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 48% | 16,670 | 24% | 8.266 | 17% | 5,974 | 4% | 1,538 | |
| 2019 | 42% | 16,621 | 24% | 9,369 | 12% | 4,812 | 18% | 7,027 | |
| Year | PC | Liberal | Green | People's Allnc. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 43% | 13,210 | 33% | 10,105 | 16% | 5,112 | 6% | 1,720 | |
| 2018 | 32% | 9,983 | 44% | 13,600 | 10% | 3,064 | 3% | 1,034 | |
Moncton had a significantmilitary presence from 1940 until the early 1990s.
Until the beginning of the Second World War, Moncton's main military presence was locally formed militia units. In 1940, a large military supply base (later known as CFB Moncton) was constructed on a railway spur line north of downtown next to the CNR shops. This base served as the main supply depot for the large wartime military establishment in the Maritimes.[121] In addition, twoBritish Commonwealth Air Training Plan bases were also built in the Moncton area during the war: No. 8 Service Flying Training School, RCAF, and No. 31 Personnel Depot, RAF. The RCAF also operated No. 5 Supply Depot in Moncton.[121] A navallistening station was also constructed in Coverdale (Riverview) in 1941 to help in coordinating radar activities in the North Atlantic.[121] Military flight training in the Moncton area terminated at the end of World War II and the naval listening station closed in 1971. CFB Moncton remained open to supply the maritime military establishment until just after the end of theCold War.[121]
With the closure of CFB Moncton in the early 1990s, the military presence in Moncton has been significantly reduced.[122] The northern portion of the former base property has been turned over to the Canada Lands Corporation and is slowly being redeveloped.[123] The southern part of the former base remains an activeDND property and is now termed the Moncton Garrison. It is affiliated withCFB Gagetown.[122] Resident components of the garrison include the 1 Engineer Support Unit (Regular force). The garrison also houses the 37 Canadian Brigade Group Headquarters (reserve force) and one of the 37 Brigades constituent units; the8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's), which is an armoured reconnaissance regiment.[122] 3 Area support unit Det Moncton, and 42 Canadian Forces Health Services Centre Det Moncton provide logistical support for the base.[122] In 2013, the last regular forces units left the Moncton base, but the reserve units remain active and Moncton remains the 37 Canadian Brigade Unit headquarters.
There are two major regional referral and teaching hospitals in Moncton. TheMoncton Hospital has approximately 381 inpatient beds[124] and is affiliated withDalhousie University Medical School. It is home to the Northumberland family medicine residency training program and is a site for third and fourth year clinical training for medical students in the Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick Training Program. The hospital hosts UNB degree programs in nursing and medical x-ray technology and professional internships in fields such as dietetics. Specialized medical services at the hospital include neurosurgery, peripheral and neuro-interventional radiology,vascular surgery, thoracic surgery, hepatobiliary surgery,orthopedics, trauma, burn unit, medicaloncology,neonatal intensive care, and adolescent psychiatry. A$48 million expansion to the hospital was completed in 2009 and contains a new laboratory, ambulatory care centre, and provincial level one trauma centre.[125] A new oncology clinic was built at the hospital and opened in late 2014. The Moncton Hospital is managed by Horizon Health Network (formerly the South East Regional Health Authority).
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TheDr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre has about 302 beds[126] and hosts a medical training program through the localCFMNB and distantUniversité de Sherbrooke Medical School. There are also degree programs in nursing, medical x-ray technology, medical laboratory technology and inhalotherapy which are administered by Université de Moncton. Specialized medical services include medical oncology, radiation oncology,orthopedics,vascular surgery, andnephrology. A cardiac cath lab is being studied for the hospital and a new PET/CT scanner has been installed. A$75 million expansion for ambulatory care, expanded surgery suites, and medical training is currently under construction.[127] The hospital is also the location of the Atlantic Cancer Research Institute.[128] This hospital is managed by francophone Vitalité Health Network.
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Moncton is served by theGreater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport (YQM). It was renamed for former Canadian Governor General (and native son)Roméo LeBlanc in 2016. A new airport terminal with an international arrivals area was opened in 2002 byQueen Elizabeth II. The GMIA handles about 677,000 passengers per year, making it the second busiest airport in the Maritimes in terms of passenger volume.[129] The GMIA is the10th busiest airport in Canada in terms of freight.FedEx,UPS, andPurolator all have their Atlantic Canadian air cargo bases at the facility. The GMIA is the home of theMoncton Flight College; the largest pilot training institution in Canada,[130] and is also the base for the regional RCMP air service, the New Brunswick Air Ambulance Service and the regional Transport Canada hangar and depot.
There is a privateaerodrome in the north of the city,McEwen Airfield (CCG4), used forgeneral aviation.
The MonctonArea Control Centre is one of only seven regional air traffic control centres in Canada.[131] This centre monitors over 430,000 flights a year, 80% of which are either entering or leaving North Americanairspace.[131]
Moncton lies onRoute 2 of theTrans-Canada Highway, which leads toNova Scotia in the east and toFredericton andQuebec in the west.Route 15 intersects Route 2 at the eastern outskirts of Moncton, heads northeast leading to Shediac and northern New Brunswick,Route 16 connects to route 15 at Shediac and leads toStrait Shores andPrince Edward Island.Route 1 intersects Route 2 approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of the city and leads toSaint John and the U.S. border.[132] Wheeler Boulevard (Route 15) serves as an internal ring road, extending from the Petitcodiac River Causeway toDieppe before exiting the city and heading forShediac. Inside the city it is an expressway bounded at either end by traffic circles.[132]
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Greater Moncton is served byCodiac Transpo, which is operated by the City of Moncton. It operates 40 buses on 19 routes throughout Moncton,Dieppe, andRiverview.[133]
Maritime Bus provides intercity service to the region. Moncton is the largest hub in the system. All other major centres in New Brunswick, as well as Charlottetown, Halifax, and Truro are served out of the Moncton terminal.
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Freight rail transportation in Moncton is provided byCanadian National Railway. Although the presence of the CNR in Moncton has diminished greatly since the 1970s[citation needed], the railway still maintains a largeclassification yard andintermodal facility in the west end of the city, and the regional headquarters forAtlantic Canada is still located here as well. Passenger rail transportation is provided byVia Rail Canada, with their train theOcean serving theMoncton railway station three days per week toHalifax and toMontreal, Quebec.[134] The downtown Via station has been refurbished and also serves as the terminal for the Maritime Bus intercity bus service.
The South School Board administers 10 Francophone schools, including high schoolsÉcole Mathieu-Martin andÉcole L'Odyssée. The East School Board administers 25 Anglophone schools includingMoncton,Harrison Trimble,Bernice MacNaughton, andRiverview high schools.
Post secondary education in Moncton:
Moncton's daily newspaper is theTimes & Transcript, which has the highest circulation of any daily newspaper in New Brunswick.[137] More than 60 percent of city households subscribe daily, and more than 90 percent of Moncton residents read the Times & Transcript at least once a week. The city's other publications includeL'Acadie Nouvelle, a French newspaper published inCaraquet in northern New Brunswick.
There are 17 broadcast radio stations in the city covering a variety of genres and interests, all on theFM dial oronline streaming. Eleven of these stations are English and six are French.
Rogers Cable has its provincial headquarters and main production facilities in Moncton and broadcasts on twocommunity channels, Cable 9 in French and Cable 10 in English. The French-language arm of theCBC,Radio-Canada, maintains its Atlantic Canadian headquarters in Moncton. There are three other broadcast television stations in Moncton and these represent all of the major national networks.
Moncton has been the home of a number of notable people, includingNational Hockey LeagueHall of Famer and NHL scoring championGordie Drillon,[138] World and Olympic champion curlerRuss Howard,[139] distinguished literary critic and theoristNorthrop Frye,[140] formerGovernor General of CanadaRoméo LeBlanc,[141] and former Supreme Court JusticeIvan Cleveland Rand, developer of theRand Formula and Canada's representative on theUNSCOP commission.[142]Trudy Mackay FRS, renowned quantitative geneticist, member of the Royal Society[143] and National Academy of Sciences,[144] and recipient of the prestigious Wolf Prize for agriculture[145] (2016), was born in Moncton.[146]Robb Wells, the actor who playsRicky on theShowcase hit comedyTrailer Park Boys hails from Moncton,[147][148] along withJulie Doiron,[149][150] anindie rock musician, andHolly Dignard the actress who plays Nicole Miller on theCTV seriesWhistler.[151] Harry Currie, noted Canadian conductor, musician, educator, journalist and author was born in Moncton[152] and graduated from MHS.Antonine Maillet, a francophone author, recipient of theOrder of Canada and the "Prix Goncourt", the highest honour in francophone literature, is also from Moncton.[153]France Daigle, another acclaimed Acadian novelist and playwright, was born and resides in Moncton, and is noted for her pioneering use ofchiac in Acadian literature, was the recipient of the 2012 Governor General's Literary Prize in French Fiction, for her novelPour Sûr (translated into English as "For Sure"). Canadian hockey starSidney Crosby graduated fromHarrison Trimble High School in Moncton.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)[permanent dead link]Originally from Moncton, New Brunswick, Currie's first...
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