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Molbog language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Austronesian language
Molbog
Native toPhilippines,Malaysia
RegionPalawan (southern part)
Sabah (Banggi and north coast ofBorneo)
EthnicityMolbog
Native speakers
(6,700 in the Philippines cited 1990)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3pwm
Glottologmolb1237
Areas where Molbog is spoken in the Philippines and the north coast of Borneo

Molbog is anAustronesian language spoken in thePhilippines andSabah,Malaysia. The majority of speakers are concentrated at the southernmost tip of the Philippine province ofPalawan, particularly the municipalities ofBataraza andBalabac, as well as in neighboring municipalities such asRizal andBrooke's Point. These two early municipalities were considered bastions of environmental conservation in the province. Apart from that, it is also found in the municipality ofMapun, in the province ofTawi-Tawi, spoken by a small portion besides theJama Mapun language. Almost all Molbog speakers areSunni Muslims.

The classification of Molbog is controversial.[2] Thiessen (1981) groups Molbog with thePalawanic languages, based on shared phonological andlexical innovations.[3] This classification is supported by Smith (2017).[4] An alternative view is taken by Lobel (2013), who puts Molbog together withBonggi in aMolbog-Bonggi subgroup.[5] Ethnically, the Molbog was previously a sub-group of the largerPalaw'an people, and later became as it is due to Islamic influences from theTausug andSama-Bajau peoples.[6] Its speakers are also found on the north coast ofBorneo andBanggi Island in Sabah, Malaysia.[7]

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosivevoicelessptkʔ
voicedbd()ɡ
Nasalmn(ɲ)ŋ
Fricativesh
Flapɾ
Laterall
Approximantwj
  • The sounds[dʒ,ɲ] occur as a result of loanwords from Spanish, Malay or dialects of theSama language.
  • /h/ only occurs marginally. While it was generally lost in inherited words, it is retained in some words e.g.luhaʔ 'tears', probably through re-borrowing.[8]

Vowels

[edit]
FrontCentralBack
Closeiu
Mido
Opena

References

[edit]
  1. ^Molbog atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  2. ^Blust, Robert (2010). "The Greater North Borneo Hypothesis".Oceanic Linguistics.49 (1):44–118.doi:10.1353/ol.0.0060.JSTOR 40783586.S2CID 145459318.
  3. ^Thiessen, Henry Arnold (1981).Phonological reconstruction of Proto Palawan. Anthropological Papers, no. 10. Manila: National Museum of the Philippines.
  4. ^Smith, Alexander (2017).The Languages of Borneo: A Comprehensive Classification(PDF) (PhD thesis). University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa.
  5. ^Lobel, Jason William (2013). "Southwest Sabah Revisited".Oceanic Linguistics.52 (1):36–68.doi:10.1353/ol.2013.0013.JSTOR 43286760.S2CID 142990330.
  6. ^"View ICCA Site". 5 May 2021.
  7. ^Lobel, J.W. (2016).North Borneo Sourcebook: Vocabularies and Functors. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 1–273.ISBN 978-0-8248-5782-0.
  8. ^Zorc, R. David; Thiessen, H. Arnold (1995).Molbog: introduction and wordlist. Darrell T. Tryon (ed.), Comparative Austronesian dictionary: an introduction to Austronesian studies: Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 359–362.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
Central Sarawak
Kayanic
Land Dayak
Malayo–Chamic *
Aceh–Chamic
Iban–Malayan
Ibanic
North Borneo *
North Sarawak *
Northeast Sabah *
Southwest Sabah *
Greater
Dusunic *
Bisaya–Lotud
Dusunic
Paitanic
Greater
Murutic *
Murutic
Others
  • * indicates proposed status
  • ? indicates classification dispute
  • † indicatesextinct status
North Borneo *
Northeast Sabah *
Southwest Sabah *
Greater
Dusunic *
Bisaya–Lotud
Dusunic
Paitanic
Greater
Murutic *
Murutic
North Sarawak *
Central Sarawak
Kayanic
Land Dayak ?
Malayo–Chamic *
Aceh–Chamic
Malayic
Ibanic
Sundanese ?
Rejang ?
Moklenic ?
  • * indicates proposed status
  • ? indicates classification dispute
  • † indicatesextinct status
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