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Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Former political and paramilitary organisation in Iran
This article is about the former revolutionary umbrella organization. For the left-wing reformist party, seeMojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization.
Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization
سازمان مجاهدین انقلاب اسلامی
The group's emblem includes an Arabic negative articleLa (لا; standing forLa ilaha illa-llah) out of which grows a clenched fist holding rifle, and a globe symbolizing its commitment toInternationalism[1]
Paramilitary wing commanderMohammad Boroujerdi[2]
Supreme Leader representativeHossein Rasti-Kashani[3]
FoundedApril 1979
DissolvedOctober 1986
Succeeded byMojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization(left faction)
Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution(right faction)
HeadquartersTehran, Iran
Membership(1979)<1,000[4]
IdeologyIslamism
Khomeinism[1]
Anti-communism[1]
Statism[5]
Political positionLeft-wing[4] toright-wing[4]
ReligionIslam
National affiliationIslamic Coalition (1979)
Grand Coalition (1980)

Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization (Persian:سازمان مجاهدین انقلاب اسلامی,romanized: Sāzmān-e Mojāhedin-e Enqelāb-e Eslāmi,lit. 'Holy Warriors of theIslamic Revolution') was anumbrellapolitical organization inIran, founded in 1979 by unification of seven undergroundIslamistrevolutionaryparamilitary and civil[4] organizations which previously fought against thePahlavi dynasty.[6]

The organization was firmly allied with the rulingIslamic Republican Party and was given a share of power[7] and three of its members were appointed as government ministers under PMMir-Hossein Mousavi:Behzad Nabavi (minister without portfolio for executive affairs),Mohammad Salamati (agriculture) andMohammad Shahab Gonabadi (housing and urban development).[8]

History

[edit]

Most members were among those formerly associated with thePeople's Mojahedin Organization of Iran but left the organization after it declared ideology switch toMarxism.[6] The groups were:[6]

  • "UnitedUmmah" (Persian:امت واحده;Ommat-e-Vahede)
  • "MonotheisticBadr" (Persian:توحیدی بدر;Towhidiye-Badr)
  • "Monotheistic Queue" (Persian:توحیدی صف;Towhidiye-Saff)
  • "Peasant" (Persian:فلاح;Fallah)
  • "Daybreak" (Persian:فلق:Falaq)
  • "Victors" (Persian:منصورون;Mansouroun)
  • "Monotheists" (Persian:موحدین;Movahedin)

Dissolution

[edit]

The organization dissolved in 1986 as a result of tensions between the leftist and rightist members.[4]

Legacy

[edit]

Left-wing members of the organization decided to resume activities in 1991 and established leftistMojahedin of the Islamic Revolutionof Iran Organization (adding the words “of Iran” to the name) which later emerged as areformist party.[4] Some right-wing members foundedSociety of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution in late-1990s.[9]

Notable members

[edit]
NameOriginal groupFactionLater careerRef
Behzad NabaviOmmat-e-VahedehLeftPolitics[6][10]
Mohammad SalamatiOmmat-e-VahedehLeftPolitics[6][10]
Sadegh NorouziOmmat-e-VahedehLeftPolitics[6]
Mohsen MakhmalbafOmmat-e-VahedehLeftCinema[6]
Abdulali Ali-AsgariRightMedia[10]
Ahmad TavakoliRightPolitics[11]
Alireza AfsharRightMilitary → Politics[12]
Abbas DuzduzaniLeftMilitary → Politics
Hashem AghajariLeftAcademia[12]
Feyzollah ArabsorkhiOmmat-e-VahedehLeftPolitics[6]
Abdollah NasseriLeftMedia[12]
Hossein FadaeiTowhidiye-BadrRightMilitary → Politics[6][10]
Safar Naeimi[a]Towhidiye-BadrRightMilitary → Politics[6]
Mohammad BoroujerdiTowhidiye-SaffMilitary[6]
Mojtaba ShakeriTowhidiye-SaffRightMilitary → Politics[6]
Mohsen ArminTowhidiye-SaffLeftPolitics[6][10]
Morteza AlviriFallahLeftPolitics[6]
Mostafa TajzadehFalaqLeftPolitics[6][12]
Mohsen RezaeeMansourounRightMilitary → Politics[6][12]
Ali ShamkhaniMansourounLeftMilitary[6]
Hossein NejatMansourounRightMilitary[6]
Esmaeil DaghayeghiMansourounMilitary[6]
Mohammad Bagher ZolghadrMansourounRightMilitary → Politics[6][10]
Gholam Ali RashidMansourounRightMilitary[6]
Hosein AlamolhodaMovahedinMilitary[6]

Endnotes

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  1. ^Not to be confused withSafar Naeimi-Raz

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcAfshon Ostovar (2016).Vanguard of the Imam: Religion, Politics, and Iran's Revolutionary Guards. Oxford University Press. pp. 50–54.ISBN 978-0190491703.
  2. ^Forozan, Hesam (2015),The Military in Post-Revolutionary Iran: The Evolution and Roles of the Revolutionary Guards, Durham Modern Middle East and Islamic World Series, vol. 38, Routledge, p. 107
  3. ^Moslem, Mehdi (2002).Factional politics in post-Khomeini Iran.Syracuse University Press. p. 68.ISBN 978-0-8156-2978-8.
  4. ^abcdef"Organization of the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran"(PDF). Iran Data Portal. Retrieved10 May 2016.
  5. ^Pesaran, Evaleila (2011),Iran's Struggle for Economic Independence: Reform and Counter-Reform in the Post-Revolutionary Era,Taylor & Francis, p. 94,ISBN 978-1136735578
  6. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvAlfoneh, Ali (2013),Iran Unveiled: How the Revolutionary Guards Is Transforming Iran from Theocracy into Military Dictatorship, AEI Press, pp. 8–10
  7. ^Hiro, Dilip (2013).Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. p. 241.ISBN 978-1135043810.
  8. ^Baktiari, Bahman (1996).Parliamentary Politics in Revolutionary Iran: The Institutionalization of Factional Politics. University Press of Florida. p. 112.ISBN 978-0-8130-1461-6.
  9. ^"Association of the Devotees of the Islamic Revolution"(PDF). Iran Data Portal. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 4 July 2012. Retrieved10 May 2016.
  10. ^abcdefMohammadighalehtaki, Ariabarzan (2012)."MIRO, a Historical Background".Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat) (Ph.D. thesis).Durham University. p. 168.
  11. ^"Nepotism & the Larijani Dynasty".Tehran Bureau. PBS. 20 August 2009. Retrieved20 February 2015.
  12. ^abcdeMuhammad Sahimi (12 May 2009)."The Political Groups".Tehran Bureau. PBS. Retrieved21 August 2015.
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