Christian movement based on spiritual wisdom
Moderate Christianity is a theological movement inChristianity that seeks to make decisions based on spiritualwisdom.
Moderation inChristianity is related to the spiritualwisdom that is addressed inEpistle of James in chapter 3 verse 17.[1] In theFirst Epistle to Timothy,[2] moderation is also referred to astemperance and is a required characteristic to bebishop in the Church.[3]
Moderate Christianity is characterized by its concern to bring hope to the world, to include cultural diversity and creative collaboration, by not beingfundamentalist orliberal, by being predominantly conservative even while being guardedly open to newer developments and trends; by being committed to judicious discernment and avoidingextremism in its decisions.[4][5][6][7]
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ModerateCatholic Christianity mainly became visible in the 18th century, with Catholic groups taking more moderate positions, such as supportingecumenism and liturgical reforms.[8] These moderates are also overwhelmingly in favor of state autonomy and the independence of Church doctrine from the state.[9] AfterVatican Council II, moderate Catholics distanced themselves fromtraditionalist Catholicism.[10]
Moderateevangelical Christianity emerged in the 1940s in the United States in response to thefundamentalist movement of the 1910s.[11] In the late 1940s, evangelical theologians fromFuller Theological Seminary founded inPasadena, California, in 1947, championed the Christian importance of socialactivism.[12][13] The study of theBible has been accompanied by certain disciplines such asBiblical hermeneutics,Biblical exegesis andapologetics.[14][15] Moderate theologians have become more present inBible colleges and more moderate theological positions have been adopted inevangelical churches.[16][17] In this movement called neo-evangelicalism, new organizations, social agencies, media andBible colleges were established in the 1950s.[18][19]
- ^Scot McKnight,The Many Faces of Faith: A Guide to World Religions and Christian Traditions, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, USA, 2011, p. 313
- ^Chapter 3, verse 2.
- ^ William MacDonald,Believer's Bible Commentary, Thomas Nelson Inc, USA, 2008, p. 2087
- ^Sébastien Fath,Du ghetto au réseau: Le protestantisme évangélique en France, 1800-2005, Édition Labor et Fides, Genève, 2005, p. 160
- ^ Stephen R. Rock,Faith and Foreign Policy: The Views and Influence of U.S. Christians and Christian Organizations, Bloomsbury Publishing USA, USA, 2011, p. 12
- ^Klauspeter Blaser,Les théologies nord-américaines, Labor et Fides, Genève, 1995, p. 46
- ^Jacques Prévotat, Jean Vavasseur-Desperriers,Les chrétiens modérés en France et en Europe (1870-1960), Presses Univ. Septentrion, France, 2013, p. 15
- ^ J. Derek Holmes, Bernard Bickers,A Short History of the Catholic Church, Burns & Oates, UK, 2002, p. 179
- ^ Jacques Prévotat, Jean Vavasseur-Desperriers,Les chrétiens modérés en France et en Europe (1870-1960), Presses Univ. Septentrion, France, 2013, p. 16
- ^ Timothy Miller,America's Alternative Religions, SUNY Press, USA, 1995, p. 104
- ^ Robert H. Krapohl, Charles H. Lippy,The Evangelicals: A Historical, Thematic, and Biographical Guide, Greenwood Publishing Group, USA, 1999, p. 197
- ^ David R. Swartz,Moral Minority: The Evangelical Left in an Age of Conservatism, University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 2012, p. 18
- ^ George Thomas Kurian, Mark A. Lamport,Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Volume 5, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2016, p. 929
- ^ George Demetrion,In Quest of a Vital Protestant Center: An Ecumenical Evangelical Perspective, Wipf and Stock Publishers, USA, 2014, p. 128
- ^Roger E. Olson,The Westminster Handbook to Evangelical Theology, Westminster John Knox Press, USA, 2004, p. 49
- ^ James Leo Garrett,Baptist Theology: A Four-century Study, Mercer University Press, USA, 2009, p. 45
- ^ Robert Warner,Reinventing English Evangelicalism, 1966-2001: A Theological and Sociological Study, Wipf and Stock Publishers, USA, 2007, p. 229
- ^J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann,Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 1081-1082
- ^Axel R. Schäfer,Countercultural Conservatives: American Evangelicalism from the Postwar Revival to the New Christian Right, University of Wisconsin Press, USA, 2011, p. 50-51
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