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中央民族大学 | |||||||
 | |||||||
Former names | The Central University for Nationalities | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motto | 美美与共，知行合一 | ||||||
Motto in English | Diversity in Unity, Theory in Practice[1] | ||||||
| Type | National | ||||||
| Established | 1941; 84 years ago (1941) | ||||||
| Affiliation | National Ethnic Affairs Commission,UASR | ||||||
| Party Secretary | Zhang Jingze | ||||||
Academic staff | 1,200 | ||||||
Administrative staff | 1,991 (including academic staff) | ||||||
| Students | 15,800 | ||||||
| Undergraduates | 11,200 | ||||||
| Postgraduates | 4,600 | ||||||
| Location | , China 39°56′54″N116°19′03″E / 39.94833°N 116.31750°E /39.94833; 116.31750 | ||||||
| Campus | Urban | ||||||
| Website | www | ||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中央民族大学 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中央民族大學 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Central Ethnic Groups/Nationalities University | ||||||
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TheMinzu University of China (MUC) is anationalpublic university inBeijing, China. It is affiliated with theNational Ethnic Affairs Commission of China. The university is part ofProject 211,Project 985, and theDouble First-Class Construction.[2][3]
Minzu University ranked first in China among universities for ethnic minority studies.[4] It aims to be one of the best universities of its kind in the world for inheriting and promoting the excellent culture of all ethnic groups.[5] With the strong support of Chinese government, it has developed rapidly over the years. MUC is one of the most prestigious universities in China in ethnology, anthropology, ethnic economies, regional economics, religion studies, history, dance, and fine arts.[6]
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The Chinese name has the meaning "central ethnic university", suggesting a national-level university focused on serving minority ethnic groups. The old English name translated the ethnic term as "nationalities", based on the term used inGerman andRussian languageMarxist texts. On 20 November 2008, the university changed its official English name,[7] apparently citing concerns that "central" might imply a location in the geographical centre of China (as it does inSouth-Central University for Nationalities), and the old name did not sound good. The name change ofRenmin University has been cited as a precedent. The new name obscures the university's ethnic character, although student opinion has focused more on the fact that it makes obsolete the university's nickname, "the village". The Chinese word for village (Chinese:村;pinyin:cūn) has aHanyu pinyin spelling similar to the English abbreviation "CUN". In mainland Chinese culture,villages have homely connotations.[citation needed]
| University rankings | |
|---|---|
| Global – Overall | |
| CWUR World[8] | 1962 |
| CWTS World[9] | 1579 |
| RUR World[10] | 938 |
| USNWR Global[11] | 1767 |
| Regional – Overall | |
| QS Asia[12] | 301-350 |
| QS BRICS[13] | 271-280 |
| National – Overall | |
| BCUR National[14] | 80 |
| QS National[15] | 90 |
TheChinese Communist Party first established a Nationalities Institute in itsCivil War stronghold ofYan'an, in central China, in October 1941. In 1950-1952, this was merged with other ethnolinguistic and sociological departments, including elements ofPeking University andTsinghua University. The result was the Central Institute for Nationalities,[citation needed] which was established in 1951 and officially opened on 11 June 1952. The institute was assigned a large area of parkland on the outskirts ofBeijing as its campus.[citation needed]
Both the Yan'an and Central institutes were intended to train cadres (officials) for ethnic minority areas, as well as providing aliberal arts education for promising students from the minorities.[citation needed] The cadres were to be trained so they could serve as liaisons between their minority communities and the Chinese government. Their research was and is intended to support the policies of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. In its early years, the institute was caught up in the sensitive issue of classifying China's vast population into official ethnic groups, until theCultural Revolution made conventional education almost impossible.[citation needed]
In 1999, it was granted "key university" status,[citation needed] as part ofProject 211, which was supposed to identify 100 Chinese universities that would play leading roles in the 21st century. Since 2004, the university has been a participant inProject 985, a major national programme to raise 39 universities to world-class status. The campus has been almost completely reconstructed as part of this programme.[citation needed]
Meanwhile, Haidian has continued to develop asBeijing's main university district. CUN is now adjacent to theNational Library of China andZhongguancun, which local media refer to as "China's silicon valley."[16] In 2006 a large site was acquired in Beijing'sFengtai district, and it is likely that a second campus will be constructed there.[17]
In 2001, thePeople's Daily described CUN as "China's top academy for ethnic studies."[18] Minzu University is ranked first by Shanghai Ranking in China among universities that originated as "ethnic minorities".[19]
The university's emphasis on arts and humanities programs, particularly those majors related to ethnic minorities, has resulted in a relatively lower standing in global university rankings.[20]
It also ranked 301-350th in Asia by theQS Asia University Rankings[21] and 271-280th amongBRICS countries by theQS BRICS University Rankings.[22]
Internationally, Minzu University of China was ranked amongst top 2000 in the world byU.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking, theCenter for World University Rankings (CWUR), theRUR World University Rankings,CWTS Leiden Ranking andUniversity Ranking by Academic Performance.[23][20][24][25][26]
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To ensure that members of the 56recognized minority groups are admitted the school has fixed quotas for each group. As of 2011, Minzu University acceptsNational Higher Education Entrance Examination (Gaokao) scores with a minimum in the mid-400s, or below the 50th percentile. Out of the Beijing universities, this has one of the lowest acceptance requirements.[citation needed]
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In China a university may admit a student whose score is barely below the cutoff score at its discretion. Sometimes minimum score levels were lowered to ensure that students from among the least-accepted minority groups would be permitted entry. The school offers remedial courses, including a one-year tutorial course that reviews the final year of senior secondary school and remedial Chinese courses to assist minority students to enroll.[citation needed]
The university has bridging programs to select minority students at Chinese secondary schools who are high achieving so they can attend Minzu University to prepare them for entering the highest ranked universities in Beijing. The government pays tuition for these programs.[citation needed]
Other universities for ethnic minorities in the People's Republic of China:[35]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) ()Ilham Tohti, a Uygur former economics professor at Beijing's Minzu University, was sentenced to life in prison for secession by a court in Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, on Tuesday.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) () "According to his official biography, Tohti was born in Atush, Xinjiang, on Oct. 25, 1969. He graduated from the Northeast Normal University and the Economics School at the Central Nationalities University in Beijing."{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) ()