Following theFourth World Conference on Women organised by theUnited Nations inBeijing,China in 1995, efforts to establish a cabinet-level body to aid the Malaysian Government in realising its aspiration towards elevating the status of women were made.
KPWKM was officially established on 17 January 2001 as the Ministry of Women's Affairs withDatuk Seri Shahrizat Abdul Jalil acting as the first cabinet-level Minister to solely focus on the development of women. The scope of the Ministry was widened to include family development and the name was changed to the Ministry of Women and Family Development on 15 February 2001. In 2004, the scope was further widened to include social welfare and development and the Ministry adopted its current name on 27 March 2004.[1]
Following the 14th General Elections, the Deputy Prime Minister, YAB Datuk SeriWan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR), was appointed Minister of Women, Family and Community Development on May 21, 2018.[2] She succeeds YB Dato SriRohani Abdul Karim (PBB).
The following departments and agencies are under the purview of the KPWKM:
Department for Women's Development (Jabatan Pembangunan Wanita)
In 1975, the Government set up theNational Advisory Council on the Integration of Women in Development (NACIWID) as the machinery to ensure the involvement ofwomen in development. In 1983, theSecretariat for Women's Affairs (HAWA) in the Prime Minister's Department was established to take over the tasks of the NACIWID Secretariat. From 1997, HAWA functioned as a department under the former Ministry of National Unity and Social Development. In 2001, the Department was placed under the then newly established KPWKM and restructured as the Department for Women's Development (DWD). By 2002, the DWD had set up branch offices in every state in Malaysia.[3]
Social Welfare Department (Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat)
Initially set up in 1946 as the Community Welfare Department of Malaya, the Social Welfare Department (SWD) has evolved in fulfilling its role in national development. From initially being involved in mitigating the social problems brought about by the immediatepost-war period, the role and functions of this department have expanded to cover prevention and rehabilitation services in social issues as well as community development.[4]
National Population and Family Development Board (Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara)
The National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB) was established in 1966 to improve the reproductive health status of women and men and encourage family planning. It has since evolved to include policy and advisory roles by assisting planners and programme managers to integrate population and family development into sectoral development programme planning as well as facilitate policy makers to consider population and family development factors in the formulation of national development policies and strategies.[5]
Social Institute of Malaysia (Institut Sosial Malaysia)
The Social Institute of Malaysia was set up to promote professional and semi-professional training in the field of training and research as well as social education to all social workers from various levels and groups from within and outside the country includingnon-governmental organisations. It currently operates from a 50-acre (200,000 m2) campus inSungai Besi that was completed in 2001.[6]
Counsellors Board (Lembaga Kaunselor)
In the 2004 Cabinet reshuffle, the Counsellor Board and its administration was placed under the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.[7] The unit was then led by a Registrar in the Board's Management Unit. The Board is responsible for all matters pertaining to the enforcement of the Counsellors Act 1998 [Act 580].
National Population and Family Development Board, orLembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Malaysia (LPPKN). (Official site)
Non-Aligned Movement Institute for the Empowerment of Women (NIEW), orInstitut Pengupayaan Wanita bagi Anggota Negara-negara Berkecuali. (Official site)
Social Institute of Malaysia, orInstitut Sosial Malaysia (ISM). (Official site)
National Welfare Foundation of Malaysia, orYayasan Kebajikan Negara Malaysia (YKNM). (Official site)
Counsellors Board, orLembaga Kaunselor Malaysia (LKM). (Official site)
To ensure that gender, family and community perspectives are incorporated in the formulation of policies and plans as well as in the implementation of programs;
To instill positives family values among the people by working with Government agencies, private sector and NGO's;
To review existing laws and regulations and to suggest new legislation that are able to afford better protection for the livelihood and development of women, family and the community;
To undertake research and development on gender, population, family and community development in order to introduce innovative approaches in the planning and implementation of programs so as;
To develop and strengthen a comprehensive and integrated social database for the purpose of planning, monitoring and evaluation of programs for target groups;
To increase the level of skills and knowledge as well as to empower target groups to enable their effective participation in nation buildings;
To increase and diversify the opportunities for target groups towards enhancing their effective participation in nation building;
To strengthen the networking both at the national and international levels to facilitate the sharing of information, experience and expertise;
To establish effective monitoring and evaluating mechanism to improve the implementation of policies and programs;
To increase access to information and communication technology (ICT) for women, families and community;
To consolidate and strengthen services delivery systems at all levels through professional and optimal human resources, financial and technology management and;
To disseminate information on facilities and services provided by various agencies and organisations for the benefits of women, family and the community.
Policy guidelines developed and adopted to date include:
National Social Policy
Officially adopted by the Government in 2003, the NSP seeks to create a progressive and established Malaysian society with every member having the opportunity to develop his/her potential to the optimum in a healthy social environment based on the qualities of unity, resilience, democracy, morality, tolerance, progress, care, fairness and equity.[9]
National Policy On Women
The main objectives of this policy are to ensure an equitable sharing in the acquisition of resources, information, opportunities and benefits of development for men and women. The objectives of equality and justice must be made the essence of development policies which must be people oriented so the women, who constitute half the nation's population, can contribute and realize their potentials to the optimum; and to integrate women in all sectors of development in accordance with their capabilities and needs, in order to enhance the quality of life, eradicate poverty, ignorance and illiteracy, and ensure a peaceful and prosperous nation.[10] KPWKM has also gotten the Government to agree towards achieving a minimum of a 30% representation of women in decision making positions in the public sector.[11]
National Social Welfare Policy
In seeking to achieve a contented and strong society for national development, the NSWP shall develop human potential to the optimum and to strengthen society to face current social challenges, create various facilities for enhancing self-development and development of the individual, and build and inculcate the spirit of mutual help and assistance to reinforce a caring culture.[12]
National Policy for the Elderly
This policy was adopted to establish a society of the elderly who are contented, dignified, possessed of a high sense of self-worth, and optimising their potential, as well as to ensure that they enjoy all opportunities besides being given the care and protection as members of a family, society and the nation.[13]
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