Minhe County 民和县 | |||||||||||
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| 民和回族土族自治县 •مٍهْ خُوِذُو تُوذُو ذِجِشِیًا •Miinhoo Hui szarbaten Mongghul szarbaten njeenaa daglagu xan •Kamalog Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County | |||||||||||
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  Minhe Location of the seat in Qinghai | |||||||||||
| Coordinates (Minhe County government):36°19′12″N102°49′51″E / 36.3200°N 102.8308°E /36.3200; 102.8308 | |||||||||||
| Country | China | ||||||||||
| Province | Qinghai | ||||||||||
| Prefecture-level city | Haidong | ||||||||||
| County seat | Chuankou | ||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||
| 1,891 km2 (730 sq mi) | |||||||||||
| Population (2020)[1] | |||||||||||
| 326,964 | |||||||||||
| • Density | 172.9/km2 (447.8/sq mi) | ||||||||||
| • Urban | 117,200 | ||||||||||
| • Rural | 320,900 | ||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) | ||||||||||
| Postal code | 810800 | ||||||||||
| Area code | 0972 | ||||||||||
| Website | http://www.minhe.gov.cn/ | ||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 民和回族土族自治县 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 民和回族土族自治縣 | ||||||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||||||
| Tibetan | རྨིན་ཧོ་ཧུའེ་རིགས་ཧོར་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་རྫོང་།orདམར་གཙང་རྫོང་། | ||||||||||
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Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County (Chinese:民和回族土族自治县;Xiao'erjing:مٍهْ خُوِذُو تُوذُو ذِجِشِیًا;Monguor:Miinhoo Hui szarbaten Mongghul szarbaten njeenaa daglagu xan), known in Tibetan as Kamalog, is the easternmostcounty inQinghai Province, China. It is under the administration ofHaidong (lit. Eastern Qinghai) Region. "Hui" refers to the Chinese Muslims, whereas "Tu" refers to the ethnic group known as “Monguor” in the West and as "Tu Zu" in China. It borders the Honggu District ofGansu on the east, demarcated by the Datong River, a tributary to the Huangshui River, which eventually flows into theYellow River.
The county is multi-ethnic and significant to not only holding the most densely populatedTu Zu settlement inSanchuan/Guanting in its southeastern portion, but also as the homeland of the legendary Emperor Yü the Great, who established theXia dynasty (2070–1600 BC), the first ever recorded dynasty in the ancient Chinese history[2][3][4][5] based on recent archaeological discoveries.[6]
Minhe is divided into 8towns and 13townships, and 1ethnic township.[7][8] The county government is seated inChuankou.[7]
In 2019 the county had a registered population of 438,100 people.[1] The county's urban population was 117,200 people, whereas the remaining 320,900 people lived in rural areas.[1] The county recorded abirth rate of 10.90 per thousand, and adeath rate of 4.44 per thousand, giving the county arate of natural increase of 6.46 per thousand.[1]
As of 2019, 38.28% of the county's population was ethnicallyHan Chinese.[1] A 2004 report by theNational Ethnic Affairs Commission reported that 44.51% of the county's population was ethnically Han Chinese, 40.45% was ethnicallyHui, 11.26% was ethnicallyMonguor, and 3.55% was ethnicallyTibetan.[9]
The county has large populations of Hui, Tibetan, and Tu people, whose languages are commonly spoken in varying parts of the county.[10] In addition to Standard Mandarin, there is also a uniqueGangou dialect, a uniqueGuanting dialect, and a unique dialect in theJingning Village ofGangou Township, Qinghai.[10]
| Climate data for Minhe, elevation 1,814 m (5,951 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.2 (57.6) | 19.6 (67.3) | 27.4 (81.3) | 32.2 (90.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 33.2 (91.8) | 37.8 (100.0) | 35.4 (95.7) | 30.4 (86.7) | 26.4 (79.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 17.0 (62.6) | 37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) | 5.9 (42.6) | 12.1 (53.8) | 18.6 (65.5) | 22.4 (72.3) | 25.9 (78.6) | 27.7 (81.9) | 26.1 (79.0) | 21.1 (70.0) | 15.6 (60.1) | 9.2 (48.6) | 2.8 (37.0) | 15.7 (60.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.6 (21.9) | −1.1 (30.0) | 4.9 (40.8) | 11.1 (52.0) | 15.2 (59.4) | 18.9 (66.0) | 20.8 (69.4) | 19.5 (67.1) | 14.9 (58.8) | 8.8 (47.8) | 2.0 (35.6) | −4.1 (24.6) | 8.8 (47.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.6 (12.9) | −6.4 (20.5) | −0.5 (31.1) | 5.1 (41.2) | 9.3 (48.7) | 13.3 (55.9) | 15.5 (59.9) | 14.7 (58.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 4.2 (39.6) | −2.6 (27.3) | −8.7 (16.3) | 3.7 (38.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −21.0 (−5.8) | −20.8 (−5.4) | −14.7 (5.5) | −6.0 (21.2) | −2.0 (28.4) | 4.8 (40.6) | 7.4 (45.3) | 5.2 (41.4) | −0.4 (31.3) | −10.9 (12.4) | −14.9 (5.2) | −21.0 (−5.8) | −21.0 (−5.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 1.5 (0.06) | 3.3 (0.13) | 9.0 (0.35) | 18.3 (0.72) | 45.2 (1.78) | 45.9 (1.81) | 68.2 (2.69) | 76.9 (3.03) | 56.2 (2.21) | 22.4 (0.88) | 3.7 (0.15) | 1.0 (0.04) | 351.6 (13.85) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.4 | 2.7 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 9.2 | 12.1 | 13.3 | 13.1 | 12.4 | 7.3 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 86.8 |
| Average snowy days | 3.8 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 22.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 51 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 51 | 56 | 62 | 66 | 71 | 67 | 59 | 55 | 56 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 171.3 | 180.1 | 201.3 | 215.5 | 224.9 | 215.5 | 220.7 | 208.5 | 170.3 | 184.4 | 183.6 | 176.8 | 2,352.9 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 55 | 58 | 54 | 54 | 51 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 46 | 54 | 61 | 59 | 53 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[11][12] | |||||||||||||
Minhe'sGDP stood at 10.349 billionYuan in 2019, of which, 1.329 billion Yuan came from the county'sprimary sector, 4.249 billion Yuan came from the county'ssecondary sector, and 4.771 billion Yuan came from the county'stertiary sector.[1] The county's GDP per capita stood at 27,745 Yuan as of 2019.[1]
The county's per capita disposable income was 18,487 Yuan in 2019, which stood at 31,432 Yuan for urban residents, and 11,706 Yuan for rural residents.[1] Minhe's unemployment rate stood at 3.22% at the end of 2019.[1] Retail sales in the county totaled 2.820 billion Yuan in 2019, of which, urban sales accounted for 1.448 billion, and rural sales accounted for 1.372 billion.[1]
In 2019, 623,600mu (41,570 hectares) of land was sown, of which, 235,500 mu (15,700 ha) was sown forcorn, 119,600 mu (7,973 ha) was sown forpotatoes, 103,700 mu (6,913 ha) was sown forwheat, 69,100 mu (4,610 ha) was sown for seed oils, and 46,000 mu (3,100 ha) was sown for vegetables and mushrooms.[1] Animal husbandry is also common in Minhe, and the county's farmers have sizable populations of cattle, sheep, pigs, and poultry.[1]
The county's largest industries are the production ofcement,ferroalloys,aluminium, andgraphite.[1]
As of 2019, the county had 10,962kindergarten students, 33,609primary school students, 15,539junior high students, 9,953 standardsecondary school students, and 5,446vocational secondary school students.[1]
A number of cultural traditions unique to particular regions in Minhe County have been recorded, and are generally attributed to the large amount of inter-ethnic contact in the region.[10]
The region has a number of traditions unique to giving birth to a child, including unique midwifing practices, a "step on birth" (踏生;tà shēng) tradition where families invite a guest to visit their newborn in the hopes of the baby inheriting the guest's positive personality traits, a celebration for a newborn's 30th day known as a "baimanyue" (摆满月;bǎi mǎnyuè), and consulting books which host clan-specific baby names in order to name newborns.[10]
EthnicMonguor andTibetan weddings in the area are remarkable in that they involve more singing than theirHan Chinese counterparts.[10]
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