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Ming Yuzhen

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Emperor of Ming Xia from 1362 to 1366
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Ming Yuzhen
明玉珍
Emperor of Ming Xia
Reign1362–1366
SuccessorMing Sheng
Born2 October 1328
Yuan Tianli 2, 9th day of the 9th month
(元天曆二年九月九日)
Died17 March 1366(1366-03-17) (aged 37)
Yuan Zhizheng 26, 6th day of the 2nd month
(元至正二十六年二月六日)
Burial
Ruiling Mausoleum (叡陵; in present-day Shangheng Steet,Jiangbei District, Chongqing)
Names
Ming Yuzhen
(明玉珍)
Era dates
  • Tianqi[1] (天啟): 1361–1362
  • Tiantong (天統): 1363–1366
Posthumous name
Emperor Qinwen Zhaowu
(欽文昭武皇帝)
Temple name
Taizu
(太祖)
DynastyMing Xia
FatherMing Xuewen
MotherLady Zhao
In thisChinese name, thefamily name isMing.
Rebels and warlords at the end of Yuan Dynasty, including the territory controlled by Ming Yuzhen in 1363

Ming Yuzhen (Chinese:明玉珍; 2 October 1328 – 17 March 1366) was a peasant rebel leader who established the dynasty ofMing Xia during the lateYuan dynasty inChina.

Ming was born in Suizhou (todaySui County,Hubei) in a farmer family. He changed the character of his surname to mean "Brilliance" later. In 1353 he joined theRed Turbans, a rebel group led byXu Shouhui. He was blinded in the right eye during a battle.

In 1360, Xu was killed byChen Youliang, so Ming left his group and proclaimed himself King of Longshu (隴蜀王). Two years later, he proclaimed himself Emperor of Great Xia inChongqing, with theera name of "Tiantong" (天統). In Great Xia, there was taxation,imperial examination, and a state religion ofBuddhism.

In 1363, he attacked Prince Liang, Bolud Temür (孛羅帖木兒) inYunnan. His plans to expand did not work out and he died in of illness at the age of 35. He was succeeded by his son Ming Sheng (明昇), who changed the era name to "Kaixi" (開熙) and was exiled to Korea when Longshu was destroyed by theMing Empire in 1371. The Korean official Yun Hui-chong's daughter married Ming Sheng in March 1373. Ming Sheng was 17 andChen Li was 21 when they were sent to Korea in 1372 by the Ming dynasty.[2][3][4][5]

Also, Ming Yuzhen is the founder ofKorean clans, theYeonan Myeong clan,Seochok Myeong clan andNamwon Seung clan.[6][7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Adopted the era name of theXu Song dynasty
  2. ^Goodrich, Luther Carringto (1976).Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644, Volume 2 (illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 1072.ISBN 023103833X.
  3. ^Farmer, Edward L., ed. (1995).Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule. BRILL. p. 22.ISBN 9004103910.
  4. ^Serruys, Henry (1959).The Mongols in China During the Hung-wu Period (1368-1398). Impr. Sainte-Catherine. p. 31.
  5. ^Serruys, Henry (1967).Sino-Mongol Relations During the Ming, Volume 1. Institut belge des hautes études chinoises. p. 31.
  6. ^Academy of Korean Studies 서촉명씨 西蜀明氏.Academy of Korean Studies.
  7. ^Jin Guanglin[in Japanese] (2014)."A Comparison of the Korean and Japanese Approaches to Foreign Family Names"(PDF).Journal of Cultural Interaction in East Asia.5: 20 – via Society for Cultural Interaction in East Asia.
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