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Military ranks of the Qing dynasty

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromMilitary ranks of Imperial China)

TheMilitary ranks of the Qing dynasty were the military insignia used by theMilitary of the Qing dynasty, until theabdication of the Xuantong Emperor.

Army ranks

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The Army of the Qing dynasty has two different types of army structures: the early military system of theEight Banners and theNew Army, a later system based on Western standards.

Eight Banners ranks

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Main article:Eight Banners

The Eight Banners armies used what is known as "Mandarin squares" to denote rank.[1]

AnimalQilinLionLeopardTigerBearPantherRhinoRhinoSea horse
1759–1912[1]
一品
Yīpǐn
二品
Èrpǐn
三品
Sānpǐn
四品
Sìhpǐn
五品
Wǔpǐn
六品
Liùpǐn
七品
Qīpǐn
八品
Bāpǐn
九品
Jiǒupǐn
TranslationFirst-rankSecond-rankThird-rankFourth-rankFifth-rankSixth-rankSeventh-rankEighth-rankNinth-rank

New Army

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Main article:New Army

Commissioned officer ranks

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The rank insignia ofcommissioned officers.

Rank groupGeneral / flag officersSenior officersJunior officers
1904–1910[2]
上等第一级
Shàngděng dì yījí
上等第二级
Shàngděng dì èrjí
上等第三级
Shàngděng dì sānjí
中等第一级
Zhōngděng dì yījí
中等第二级
Zhōngděng dì èrjí
中等第三级
Zhōngděng dì sānjí
次等第一级
Cìděng dì yījí
次等第二级
Cìděng dì èrjí
次等第三级
Cìděng dì sānjí
1911–1912[3]
上等第一级
Shàngděng dì yījí
上等第二级
Shàngděng dì èrjí
上等第三级
Shàngděng dì sānjí
中等第一级
Zhōngděng dì yījí
中等第二级
Zhōngděng dì èrjí
中等第三级
Zhōngděng dì sānjí
次等第一级
Cìděng dì yījí
次等第二级
Cìděng dì èrjí
次等第三级
Cìděng dì sānjí

Other ranks

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The rank insignia ofnon-commissioned officers andenlisted personnel.

Rank groupNon-commissioned officersSoldiers
1904–1910[2]
上士

Shàngshì

中士

Zhōngshì

下士

Xiàshì

正兵

Zhèngbīng

一等兵

Yīděngbīng

二等兵

Èrděngbīng

1911–1912[3]
上士

Shàngshì

中士

Zhōngshì

下士

Xiàshì

正兵

Zhèngbīng

一等兵

Yīděngbīng

二等兵

Èrděngbīng

Imperial Guards

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The rank insignia ofImperial Guards officers.

Rank groupGeneral / flag officersSenior officersJunior officers
1909–1912[4]
上等第一级
Shàngděng dì yījí
上等第二级
Shàngděng dì èrjí
上等第三级
Shàngděng dì sānjí
中等第一级
Zhōngděng dì yījí
中等第二级
Zhōngděng dì èrjí
中等第三级
Zhōngděng dì sānjí
下等第一级
Xiàděng dì yījí
下等第二级
Xiàěng dì èrjí
下等第三级
Xiàěng dì sānjí

Navy ranks

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See also:Imperial Chinese Navy

Commissioned officer ranks

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The rank insignia ofcommissioned officers.

Rank groupGeneral / flag officersSenior officersJunior officers
1882–1912[5]
一等第一级
Yīděng dì yījí
一等第二级
Yīděng dì èrjí
一等第三级
Yīděng dì sānjí
二等第一级
Èrděng dì yījí
二等第二级
Èīděng dì èrjí
二等第三级
Èīděng dì sānjí
三等第一级
Sānděng dì yījí
三等第二级
Sānděng dì èrjí
三等第三级
Sānděng dì sānjí

Rank flags

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Flag
Rank一等第一级
Yīděng dì yījí
一等第二级
Yīděng dì èrjí
一等第三级
Yīděng dì sānjí

See also

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References

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  1. ^abDine, Susan Michelle (18 March 2022)."Qing-Dynasty Rank Badges at the University of Michigan".UMMA Exchange. Retrieved6 April 2024.
  2. ^abPing 2009, pp. 4–12.
  3. ^abPing 2009, pp. 16–17.
  4. ^"奏為擬定禁衛軍服色章記" [Memorial on the Proposal of the Uniform Colors and Insignias of the Imperial Guard].National Palace Museum (in Chinese). 1909. pp. 8–9. Retrieved4 March 2025.
  5. ^Ping 2009, p. 28.

Sources

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External links

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