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Microsoft Assistance Markup Language (Microsoft AML,MAML) is anXML-basedmarkup language developed by the Microsoft User Assistance Platform team to provide user assistance ("online help") for the MicrosoftWindows Vista operating system. It makes up theAssistance Platform on Windows Vista.
MAML is also used to provide help information forPowerShell V2 Cmdlets, modules and advanced functions.[1]
MAML is a departure from all previous types of user assistance for Windows operating systems. Some of its features have been available in.NET Framework 2, but more options shipped with the release of .NET Framework 3. Previously, user assistance for Windows operating systems usedMicrosoft Compiled HTML Help files, which contains little machine-readable semantic information.
The most significant aspect of MAML is that it shifts the production of user assistance to the concept of structured authoring (somewhat similar toDITA orDocBook). Documents and their constituent elements are defined by their context. With MAML, the emphasis is on content and the tasks a user performs with a computer, not the features of the software. Presentation is managed as part of the rendering engine when a user requests a topic.
The structured feature of MAML means that it can express a wide range of active concepts as well.[2] One notable feature is guided help (active content wizard), which allows the help file to either run a task automatically or highlight the parts of the screen a user should interact with step-by-step. The feature was a notable aspect of Project Longhorn, yet Microsoft opted not to incorporate it into the ultimate release of Vista.[3]
The MAML authoring structure is divided into segments related to a type of content: conceptual,FAQ, glossary, procedure, reference, reusable content, task, troubleshooting, and tutorial.
Three levels of transformation occur when a topic is displayed: structure, presentation, and rendering:
There are no tools to assist in creating MAML; therefore, the XML files must be created manually.
An application such asNotepad,Notepad++, orInfopath may be used to manually create MAML content.[1]
MAML content uses the h1s help file format, which, along with the HelpPane viewer, is found in Windows Vista and Windows 7. The format is similar toMicrosoft Help 2 .hxs files.[4] A third party "xHelpMarkup" tool for compiling and decompiling exists, but it is only a wrapper around the BDD 2007 apcompnt and apss.dll tools.