Michael Sheehan (17 Dec 1870 – 1 March 1945) (Irish: Micheál Ó Síothcháin) was anIrish priest, educator and aCoadjutor Archbishop of theCatholic Archdiocese of Sydney inAustralia (1922-1937).[1] He was also a notable scholar of theIrish language.
Born on 17 December 1870 in the Newtown area ofWaterford city,County Waterford, Ireland, being the sixth of the children born until then to Cornelius and Ann Sheehan. Cornelius Sheehan was born in Newmarket,County Cork, and owned an export business. Ann Sheehan (née Lawler) was raised anAnglican, the daughter of aChurch of Ireland minister.[2]
Michael received private tuition early in life, and was then taught by theChristian Brothers at the Mount Sion schools in the city. From the age of 11, when the family moved toDungarvan, he attended the Augustinian school. Deciding to become a priest he went toSt. John's College, Waterford, for 11 months, prior to going toMaynooth College at the age of 20. At Maynooth he had an outstanding record as a student, completing his studies two years before he was of canonical age, and spent those two years teaching in St. John's College, Waterford.[3]
He was ordained in June 1895, in the Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity (Within), Waterford,[4] and in that year he was awarded an M.A. from theRoyal University of Ireland. In 1896 he went on to pursue Classical studies at Oxford University, where he received an M.A., followed by studies at the German universities ofGreifswald (studying Latin, Greek andSanskrit) andBonn, where he received his Ph.D Bonn. His thesis (written in Latin) was on the Athenian oratorIsocrates.[2]
On returning to Ireland he was appointed in 1909 to the chair of Classics in Maynooth. He also served as the chief examiner ofLatin andGreek for the state Intermediate education board.
He was a leading activist in the movement for therevival of the Irish language,[5] and helped found Ollscoil na Mumhan in An Rinn, county Waterford in 1906. It is said that in 1916 he wrote the words of the hymnAg Críost an Síol.[6]In 1919 he became vice-president of Maynooth College, and in 1922 he moved to Australia after he was consecrated Coadjutor Archbishop ofSydney. In 1928 he was involved in the International Eucharistic Congress in Sydney.
His textbookApologetics and Catholic Doctrine, defending the faith in a very rationalist style, was widely used in Catholic schools. It is remembered positively in the autobiographies ofB. A. Santamaria andThomas Keneally. Santamaria wrote, "Sheehan'sApologetics and Christian Doctrine(sic) provided me, as a schoolboy at matriculation standard, with the rational justification for my act of faith in Catholic Christianity."[7] A revised seventh edition was published in 2014.[8]
Ill health was the main cause of his retirement, though his decision was also influenced by the fact that he would not be appointed to the Sydney See, since the Church preferred an archbishop of Australian birth (although he had been appointed with right of succession).[9] He returned to Ireland in June 1937, to live with theHoly Ghost Fathers, inBlackrock,County Dublin. He also spent much of his time in theAn Rinn,Gaeltacht studying Irish where he had a cottage, and in 1944 revised his 1906 book on the Irish dialect of the area,Sean-chaint na nDéise: The idiom of living Irish.
He died at St Mary’s, Talbot Lodge, Blackrock, Dublin on 1 March 1945.[1] He was buried in the little graveyard outside the entrance to St Nicholas’ church inAn Rinn.
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