In July 1990, Ryan moved toIraq with his girlfriend, later his wife, to train Iraqi doctors. Very shortly after his arrival theInvasion of Kuwait happened, which suspended his work and meant he and his wife were made to work as doctors under captivity, often working under duress. A military convoy ran a vehicle Ryan was in off the road, crushing multiple vertebrae.[1][8] Eventually Ryan and his wife were allowed to leave Iraq due to their injuries. Ryan's severe back injury prohibited him from working as a surgeon. He made a shift into the fields of public health and infectious disease.[1][3][9]
In 1996, Ryan joined theWorld Health Organization to work in a newly opened unit that focused on epidemics and infectious diseases under the direction of the infectious disease expert,David L. Heymann.[1][2] He developed measles outbreak response guidelines as part of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) team who implemented surveillance foracute flaccid paralysis, which is how polio is eradicated.[4]
From 2000 to 2003, Ryan was coordinator of Epidemic Response at the WHO.[2] In 2001, he was based inUganda where he was head of a team of international experts involved in the containment of theEbola epidemic.[11] During this time, he was in areas of conflict like theDemocratic Republic of the Congo, where aid workers were often attacked and murdered.[8] In 2003, he also worked as an Operational Coordinator on theSARS outbreak.[2]
From 2005 to 2011, Ryan was Director of Global Alert and Response Operations for the WHO.[2] During this time he worked on the development of the WHO's Strategic Health Operations Centre and Event Management System. He worked on the implementation of theInternational Health Regulations (IHR), among other duties to do with infectious disease and emergency responses to pathogens and epidemics.[4]
In 2011, Ryan left the WHO and returned toGalway, Ireland, to work on theGlobal Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and the Middle East, where he worked until 2017 and re-joined the WHO.[1][3]
In the early days of the Ebola crisis, Ryan was a field epidemiologist, field coordinator, operational coordinator or director during the majority of the reported Ebola outbreaks in Africa. From 2014 to 2015, he served as a senior advisor to theUN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response (UNMEER) inWest Africa. He worked in the field inGuinea,Liberia andSierra Leone.[4]
From 2013 to 2017, Ryan worked in the Middle East as Senior Advisor on Polio Eradication and Emergencies for the World Health Organization's Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI).[4] The goal was to eradicate polio from Pakistan andAfghanistan.[5] He coordinated operational and technical support to polio outbreak response activities in the region which includedSyria and Iraq. In 2014, Director GeneralMargaret Chan appointed Ryan to the WHO Advisory Group on the Ebola Virus Disease Response, which was co-chaired by Sam Zaramba andDavid L. Heymann.[12] During this time he was based inIslamabad,Pakistan at the National Emergency Operations Centre (NEOC), where he liaised with theGovernment of Pakistan.[4]
As part of his work with the World Health Organization, Ryan appeared in regular press conferences by the WHO regarding theCOVID-19 pandemic.[15] Ryan has provided answers to common questions about strategies to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and find a vaccine. Based on his experience in theDemocratic Republic of the Congo withEbola, Ryan has said that while physical distancing, lock-downs, and movement restrictions will stop the spread of COVID-19, eradicating the virus will require large scale public health interventions with a focus on the central tenets of containment: community-based surveillance,contact tracing, isolation, and quarantine.[16]
Since 2022, Ryan has been chairing the Technical Advisory Panel of the jointWorld Bank/WHO Pandemic Fund.[17]
In addition to his activities at WHO, Ryan has worked as a Professor of International Health atUniversity College Dublin. He has taught and lectured on medicine and public health on the undergraduate and post graduate level.[4]
In 2025 the WHO announced that Ryan was being dropped from the executive leadership team, a decision for which it cited a funding crisis initiated by US withdrawal, and consequently a reduced salary budget, as well as a desire for gender and regional balance among leaders.[18]
In 1988, Ryan met his wife, Máire Connolly, in medical school in Galway. They were married in 1997.[21] Connolly is also a doctor and author who has specialized in infectious disease by training and also worked at theWorld Health Organization.[1][11][22] She is a professor of health security and infectious disease atNational University of Ireland Galway.[23] They have three children.[1]
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