Michael Abram Bergmann (born 1964) is an Americananalytic philosopher teaching in the department of philosophy atPurdue University.^[1] His primary interests areepistemology andphilosophy of religion. In epistemology, he writes mostly onexternalism and, in philosophy of religion, he mostly writes on theepistemology of religious belief and theproblem of evil.

Born in 1964, Bergmann receivedBachelor of Arts andMaster of Arts degrees in philosophy from theUniversity of Waterloo and, in 1997, aPhD from theUniversity of Notre Dame. He has taught atPurdue University since 1997. Bergmann was the president of theSociety of Christian Philosophers from 2016 to 2019.

In his early work, Bergmann wrote aboutAlvin Plantinga'sevolutionary argument against naturalism. He raised objections inspired byThomas Reid'sepistemology. Inphilosophy of religion, Bergmann, along with other philosophers, developedskeptical theism, a position which addresses theevidential argument from evil formulated byWilliam L. Rowe. WithMichael Rea andMichael Murray, he edited the bookDivine Evil? The Moral Character of the God of Abraham (Oxford University Press, 2010). Furthermore, he is also a co-editor ofChallenges to Moral and Religious Belief: Disagreement and Evolution (Oxford University Press, 2014) together withPatrick Kain,Reason and Faith: Themes from Richard Swinburne (Oxford University Press, 2016) together withJeffrey E. Brower, andIntellectual Assurance: Essays on Traditional Epistemic Internalism (Oxford University Press, 2016) together withBrett Coppenger.

In epistemology, Bergmann defendsexternalism.

• Justification Without Awareness: A Defense of Epistemic Externalism,Oxford University Press, 2006.
• Radical Skepticism and Epistemic Intuition,Oxford University Press, 2021.

• 1964 births
• 21st-century American philosophers
• American Christian writers
• Analytic philosophers
• Christian philosophers
• Christians from Indiana
• American critics of atheism
• American epistemologists
• Living people
• American metaphysicians
• Philosophers from Indiana
• American philosophers of religion
• Presidents of the Society of Christian Philosophers
• Purdue University faculty
• University of Notre Dame alumni
• University of Waterloo alumni

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