Miatsum (Armenian:Միացում,romanized: Unification)[1] was a concept and a slogan[2][3] used during theKarabakh movement in the late 1980s and early 1990s, which led to theFirst Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1992–1994.[4]
The idea originated in an era of realignment among theArmenians who were unhappy that the area inhabited predominantly by an Armenian population has remained under the jurisdiction ofAzerbaijan. From the 1970s, with the support of the first secretary of the Central Committee of Communist Party ofAzerbaijan SSR,Heydar Aliyev, a policy of settlingNKAO byAzerbaijanis was being implemented. TheArmenian pogroms in Sumgait andBaku only exacerbated these trends, which led to military clashes between troops of theRepublic of Azerbaijan and the forces of theNagorno-Karabakh Defense Army (Artsakh).[5] The idea of "Miatsum" among the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh was so central that virtually no one considered the region to be separate from Armenia.[6]
Mountainous Karabakh should not be part of Azerbaijan not because Artsakh (the Armenian name for Karabakh) is an ancient Armenian land and Miatsum (unification) is a legitimate Armenian project, but because Azerbaijan allegedly mistreats its minorities.
The 1988 Karabakh movement started with the slogan "Miatsum" ("Unification" in Armenian).
Unity with Armenia, after all, had been the proclaimed goal previous to this (the slogan of the early phases of the Karabakh movement was miatsum, 'unification'), and an annexationist policy endorsed by the Soviet Armenian parliament.
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