Mexican Navy
Armada de México (Spanish)
Seal of the Mexican Navy
Founded	October 4, 1821; 204 years ago (October 4, 1821)
Country	Mexico
Type	Navy
Role	Naval warfare
Size	92,043 personnel (2025)
Part of	Mexican Armed Forces Secretariat of the Navy
Anniversaries	June 1, National Navy Day[1]
Engagements	Mexican Revolution Mexican–American War World War II Mexican drug war
Commanders
Current commander	AdmiralRaymundo Pedro Morales Ángeles
Insignia
Naval jack

TheMexican Navy (Spanish:Armada de México) is one of the components of theMexican Armed Forces. TheSecretariat of the Navy is in charge of administration of the navy. The commander of the navy is the Secretary of the Navy, who is both a cabinet minister and a career naval officer.

The Mexican Navy's stated mission is "to use the naval force of the federation for external defense, and to help with internal order".^[2] As of 2020, the Navy consisted of about 68,200 personnel plus reserves,^[3] over 189 ships, and about 130 aircraft.^[4][5] The Navy attempts to maintain a constant modernization program to upgrade its response capability.

Given Mexico's large area of water (3,149,920 km² (1,216,190 sq mi)) and extensive coastline (11,122 km (6,911 mi)), the Navy's duties are of great importance. Perhaps its most important on-going missions are fighting theMexican drug war, which includes protectingPemex'soil wells inCampeche in theGulf of Mexico. Another important task of the Mexican Navy is to help people in hurricane relief operations and other natural disasters.

The Mexican navy is the second largest navy in Latin America and North America, and the third largest in the Americas after the United States and Brazil.

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The Mexican Navy has its origins in the creation of the Ministry of War in 1821. From that year until 1939 it existed jointly with theMexican Army in the organic ministry. Since its declaration of independence from Spain in September 1810, through the mid decades of the 19th century, Mexico found itself in a constant state of war, mostly against Spain which had not recognized its independence. Therefore, its priority was to purchase its first fleet from the U.S. to displace the last remaining Spanish forces from its coasts.^[6]

The Mexican Navy has participated in many naval battles to protect and defend Mexico's interests. Some of the most important battles were:

Attempts by Spain to reconquer Mexico

• Takeover of theSan Juan de Ulúa fort (1821–1825)
• The invasion ofCabo Rojo (1829)
• Battle of Mariel (February, 1828)

The first French intervention in Mexico (The 'Pastry War') (November 1838 – March 1839)

• An entire Armada was captured at Veracruz

Texan Independence (1836–1845)

• Texas Navy

Yucatán Independence (1841–1848)

• Naval Battle of Campeche

TheMexican–American War (1846–1848)

TheSecond French Intervention (1862–1867)

TheMexican Revolution (1910–1919)

• First Battle of Topolobampo
• Second Battle of Topolobampo
• Third Battle of Topolobampo
• Tampico Affair
• Fourth Battle of Topolobampo

Second invasion by the United States (April 9, 1914 – November 23, 1914)

• United States occupation of Veracruz

• 
  Mexican NavygunboatLibertad in the 1870s
• 
  Mexican Navy training shipCuauhtemoc in 2005

ThePresident of Mexico is commander in chief of all military forces. Day-to-day control of the Navy lies with the Navy Secretary,José Rafael Ojeda Durán.^[7] In Mexico there is no joint force command structure with the army, so the Secretary reports directly to the President. The Navy has a General Headquarters and three naval forces. There are furthermore eight regions (four on the Pacific coast, three on the Mexican Gulf coast and the Región Naval Central, grouping the naval forces, based in and around the capitalMexico City, such as the 7th Naval Infantry Brigade, the Central Special Operations Group and the Air Transport Squadron), thirteen zones, and fourteen naval sectors.

The Navy is divided into three main services designated as "forces":

• Gulf and Caribbean Sea Naval Force
• Pacific Naval Force
• Naval Infantry Force

Other notable services include:

• Naval Aviation
• Search and Rescue

Officers are trained at the Mexican Naval Academy, called the "Heroica Escuela Naval Militar" ("Heroic Military Naval School"), located inAntón Lizardo,Veracruz.

TheMexican Naval Infantry Corps was reorganized in 2007–2009 into 30 Naval Infantry Battalions (Batallones de Infantería de Marina – BIM), a paratroop battalion, a battalion attached to the Presidential Guard Brigade, two Fast Reaction Forces with six battalions each, and threeSpecial Forces groups.^[8] The Naval Infantry are responsible for port security, protection of the ten-kilometer coastal fringe, and patrolling major waterways.

The Naval Infantry also is responsible for 23 National Service Training Units under the responsibility of the Navy Secretary, enforcing the National Service obligation for Mexicans of teenage and young adult age.

In 2008, the Mexican Navy created its new search and rescue system, allocated in strategic ports at Pacific and Gulf of Mexico ports,to provide assistance to any ships which are in jeopardy or at risk due to mechanical failure, weather conditions or life risk to the crew. To provide such support, the Navy has ordered Coast Guard Defender class ships (two per station, and one47-Foot Motor Lifeboat coast guard vessel). Other stations will be provided only withDefender-class boats.^[9]

On April 1, 2014, SEMAR officially announced the creation of Port Protection Naval Units (Unidades Navales de Protección Portuaria: UNAPROP) which will include a marine section.^[10][11] The main task of UNAPROPs is to ensure maritime surveillance and inspection.^[12]

The Navy offers several options for graduate studies in their educational institutions:

Heroica Escuela Naval Militar

It is the school where future officers are trained for the General Corps of the Navy. Candidates can enter upon completing high school. Upon completion of studies, graduates obtain the degree of Sub-Lieutenant and the title of Naval Science Engineer.

Naval Medical School

This school Located in Mexico City, offers a career in medicine. Officers are trained with skills for the prevention and health care of naval personnel. By adopting a professional examination, graduates are commissioned Sub-Lieutenants.

Naval Engineering School

In the Naval Engineering School, officers are responsible for the preventive and corrective maintenance of systems and electronic equipment installed on ships and installations of the Mexican Navy. This school offers career of Electronic Engineering and Naval Communications. It is located between the town of Mata Grape and Anton Lizardo, 32 km (20 mi) from the port of Veracruz.

Naval Nursing School

Here the time to achieve a nursing degree lasts eight semesters. Officers are trained with the knowledge and skills necessary to enable them to assist medical personnel in caring for patients in hospitals, sanatoriums, clinics, health sections on land, aboard ships and at The Naval Medical Center.

Naval Aviation School

The Naval Aviation School trains pilots for theMexican Naval Aviation as well as staff from the Federal Preventive Police and Naval personnel from various countries of Central America. This school is located onLa Paz, Baja California Sur.^[13]

Search, Rescue and Diving School

Located inAcapulco, members of The Navy are trained for marine search, rescue and diving. It also trains state police officers and firefighters.

The rank insignia ofcommissioned officers.

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
Mexican Navy[14] v t e
			Secretario de Marina		Almirante		Vicealmirante		Contraalmirante		Capitán de navío		Capitán de fragata		Capitán de corbeta		Teniente de navio	Teniente de fragata	Teniente de corbeta			Guardiamarina

The rank insignia ofnon-commissioned officers andenlisted personnel.

Rank group	Senior NCOs																						Junior NCOs						Enlisted
Mexican Navy[14] v t e
									Segundo maestre								Tercer maestre										Cabo								Marinero

The annual Navy's budget is in a one to three proportion of the national budget relative to the Mexican Army andMexican Air Force. The Navy has a reputation for being well-run and well-organized. This reputation allows for a close relationship with theUnited States Navy (USN), as evidenced by the procurement of numerous former USN ships.

The Secretary of the Navy, AdmiralMariano Francisco Saynez Mendoza, announced on October 1, 2007, detailed plans to upgrade and modernize the country's naval capabilities. On the following day,La Jornada newspaper from Mexico City, disclosed the Mexican Navy plans, which are among others, to build sixoffshore patrol vessels (OPVs) with a length of 86 metres (282 ft), 1,680 tons and each housing aEurocopter Panther helicopter as well as small high-speed interception boats. The budget for this project is above US$200 million.

Another project is to build 12CB 90 HMN high speed (50knots (93 km/h; 58 mph)) interception boats under license from a Swedish boat companyDockstavarvet to the Mexican Navy. Also, a number of fully equipped planes for surveillance and maritime patrol are being considered. Combinations of options and development are being defined.

The Mexican Navy depends upon their naval shipyards for construction and repairs of their ships. There are five shipyards located in the Gulf of Mexico and Pacific Ocean:

• Gulf of Mexico
  • Naval shipyard 1 (ASTIMAR 1) –Tampico,Tamaulipas
  • Naval shipyard 3 (ASTIMAR 3) –Coatzacoalcos,Veracruz
• Pacific Ocean
  • Naval shipyard 6 (ASTIMAR 6) –Guaymas,Sonora
  • Naval shipyard 18 (ASTIMAR 18) –Acapulco,Guerrero
  • Naval shipyard 20 (ASTIMAR 20) –Salina Cruz,Oaxaca

The Mexican Navy initiated studies to develop and construct its firstmissile, according to a May 2005 interview with the undersecretary of the Navy, Armando Sanchez, the missile was to have an average range of 12 to 15 kilometres (7.5 to 9.3 mi) and be able to target enemy ships and aircraft. The undersecretary added that they already had the solidpropellant, and the basic design of the missile. All aspects relative to their fuselage were solved as well as the launch platforms. The Mexican Navy was developing the software to direct the missile to its target. In July 2008, the project was reported to be 80% complete. Despite this effort, the missile development was canceled in 2009 due to "problems with the propulsion system".^[15]

In 2009, the Mexican Navy began operating a batch of newMPQ-64 Sentinel radars in the oil-rich Gulf of Mexico. The radar network was installed in 2007 for a trial phase while military personnel were trained to get familiar with the system. The new installations will work together with combat surface vessels that patrol the area.^[16][17]

Class	Image	Type	Ships	Origin
Frigates (1)
Reformador class[18]		Multipurpose Frigate	F101Benito Juárez[19]	Netherlands/Mexico – Ships being built in The Netherlands and Mexico. At least 8 ships planned for fleet modernisation plan.
Missile boats (2)
Huracán class		Missile boat	A301Huracán A302Tormenta	Israel – ex-Israeli NavySa'ar 4.5-class missile boat
Patrol vessel and other Warships (35)
Oaxaca class		Offshore patrol vessels	P161Oaxaca P162Baja California P163Independencia P164Revolución P165Chiapas[20] P166Hidalgo[20] P167Jalisco[21] P168Tabasco	Mexico
Durango class		Offshore Patrol Vessel	P151Durango P152Sonora P153Guanajuato P154Veracruz	Mexico
Sierra class		Corvette	P141Sierra P143Prieto P144Romero	Mexico
Holzinger class		Offshore patrol vessels	P131Holzinger P132Godínez P133De la Vega P134Berriozabal	Mexico
Uribe class		Offshore patrol vessels	P122Azueta P123Baranda P124Bretón P125Blanco P126Monasterio	Spain
Valle class		ConvertedMinesweeper / Offshore patrol vessels	P102Juan de la Barrera P103Mariano Escobedo P104Manuel Doblado P108Juan N. Álvarez P109Manuel Gutiérrez Zamora P110Valentín Gómez Farías P112Francisco Zarco P113Ignacio L. Vallarta P114Jesús González Ortega P117Mariano Matamoros	United States – ex-Auk-class minesweeper
Coastalpatrol ships (44)
Tenochtitlan class[22][23]		Coastal patrol	PC331Tenochtitlan PC332Teotihuacan PC333 ARMPalenque PC334 ARMMitla PC335 ARMUxmal PC336 ARMTajin[24] PC337 ARMTulum[25] PC338 ARMMonte Albán[26] PC339 ARMBonampak[27] PC340Chichen Iztzá	Netherlands/Mexico Based onDamen Stan Patrol 4207
Azteca class		Coastal patrol	PC202Cordova PC206Rayón PC207Rejón PC208De la Fuente PC209Guzmán PC210Ramírez PC211Mariscal PC212Jara PC214Colima PC215Lizardi PC216Mugica PC218Velazco PC220Macías PC223Tamaulipas PC224Yucatán PC225Tabasco PC226Cochimie PC228Puebla PC230Vicario PC231Ortíz	United Kingdom Mexico
Demócrata class		Coastal patrol	PC241Demócrata PC242Francisco I. Madero	Mexico
Cabo class		Coastal patrol	PC271Corriente PC272Corso PC273Catoche	Mexico
Punta class		Coastal patrol	PC-281Morro PC-282Mastún	Mexico
Interceptors
Polaris class		Small Patrol vessel	44 In service	Sweden
Polaris II class		Small Patrol vessel	6 In service + 17 under construction	Mexico
Acuario A/B class		Patrol vessel	In service	Mexico
Isla class		Patrol boat	In service	Mexico
Amphibious ships (2)
Papaloapan class		Tank landing ship	A411Papaloapan A412Usumacinta	United States – ex-USNNewport-class tank landing ship
Logistic support vessel (2)
Montes Azules class		Landing ship	BAL01Montes Azules BAL02Libertador (construction completed, inaugurated on September 10, 2012)[28]	Mexico
TBD class		Supply ship	BAL11Isla Madre Launched July 11, 2016.[26]	Netherlands/Mexico Based onDamen Stan 5009 Fast Crew Supplier
Mine counter-measure (6)
Banderas class		Minesweeper	Banderas Magdalena Kino Yavaros Chamela Tepoca	United States
Auxiliary vessels
Huasteco class		Multipurpose logistics vessel	AMP01Huasteco AMP02Zapoteco	Mexico
Maya class		Multipurpose	ATR01Maya ATR02Tarasco	Mexico
B.E.Cuauhtémoc class		Three-mastedbarquesail training ship	BE01Cuauhtémoc	Spain

The Mexican Navy includes 60 smaller patrol boats and 32 auxiliary ships. It acquired 40 fast military assault crafts, designatedCB 90 HMN, between 1999 and 2001 and obtained a production license in 2002, enabling further units to be manufactured in Mexico.

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For the year 2008 budget, the Mexican Congress approved a US$15 million fund to build only 17 out of the 60 combat boats requested. These ships, designatedCB 90 HMN, are to increase the Mexican Navy's fast boat fleet. Additional budgets will be awarded each passing year.^[43] In total, the Mexican Navy has over 189 operational ships.^[4]

In January 2013, the 112th Session of US Congress authorized the transfer of theOliver Hazard Perry-classfrigatesUSS Curts andUSS McClusky to the Mexican Navy,^[44] but due to the cost of overhauling the vessels and the removal of all the weapons systems and most of the electronics and radar gear by the USN prior to transfer, this is still undecided by Mexico. The offer expired on January 1, 2016.^[44]

On March 25, 2014Beechcraft Corporation received an order of 2 T-6C+ military trainers from the Mexican Navy.^[45]

On June 24, 2014, the Mexican Government requested the purchase of 5 UH-60Ms in USG configuration from the U.S.; its estimated cost is $225 million.^[46] Also on June 24,BAE Systems announced it was awarded a contract by the Mexican Government to supply the navy with 4Mk 3 57mm naval guns, for the ships of the Reformador class.^[47]

• Military of Mexico
• Mexican Naval Aviation
• Symphonic Orchestra and Chorus of the Secretariat of the Navy of Mexico

• Secretary of the Navy Official site (Spanish)
• Naval Infantry official site (Spanish)

• Mexican Navy
• Military of Mexico

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