Methydrium orMethydrion (Ancient Greek:Μεθύδριον) was a town in centralancient Arcadia, situated 170stadia north ofMegalopolis.[1] It obtained its name, like the places calledInteramna, from being situated upon a lofty height between the two riversMaloetas andMylaon.[2] According toGreek mythology, it was founded byOrchomenus; but its inhabitants were removed to Megalopolis, upon the establishment of that city (371 BCE). It never recovered its former population, and is mentioned byStrabo among the places of Arcadia which had almost entirely disappeared.[3] It continued, however, to exist as a village in the time ofPausanias, who saw there a temple ofPoseidon Hippius upon the river Mylaon. He also mentions, above the river Maloetas, a mountain calledThaumasium, in which was a cave whereRhea took refuge when pregnant withZeus. At the distance of 30 stadia from Methydrium was a fountain named Nymphasia.[4] Methydrium is also mentioned byThucydides,[5]Xenophon, (Anabasis, 4.6.20),Polybius,[6]Pliny the Elder,[7] andStephanus of Byzantium.[8]
Its site is located near the modernMethydrio,[9][10] which was renamed to reflect association with the ancient town. The remains of ancient Methydrium have been excavated in 1910.[11]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Methydrium".Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
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