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Methestrol

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Chemical compound

Pharmaceutical compound

Methestrol
Clinical data

Trade names	Meprane
Other names	Methoestrol; Metestrol; Promethestrol; Promethoestrol; Dimethylhexestrol
Drug class	Nonsteroidal estrogen
Identifiers
IUPAC name 4-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)hexan-3-yl]-2-methylphenol
CAS Number	130-73-4
PubChemCID	71620
ChemSpider	64688
UNII	199O25Z2BQ
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)	DTXSID90861783
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₂₀H₂₆O₂
Molar mass	298.426 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES CCC(C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C)C(CC)C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)C
InChI InChI=1S/C20H26O2/c1-5-17(15-7-9-19(21)13(3)11-15)18(6-2)16-8-10-20(22)14(4)12-16/h7-12,17-18,21-22H,5-6H2,1-4H3 Key:PYWBJEDBESDHNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Methestrol (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name; brand nameMeprane) ormethoestrol, also known aspromethestrol orpromethoestrol (BANTooltip British Approved Name) or asdimethylhexestrol, is asynthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of thestilbestrol group related todiethylstilbestrol which is no longer marketed.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

A related drug ismethestrol dipropionate (or promethestrol dipropionate) (brand nameMeprane Dipropionate).^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]

References

[edit]

^Ganellin CR, Triggle DJ (21 November 1996).Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents. CRC Press. pp. 608–.ISBN 978-0-412-46630-4.
^Brucker MC, King TL (8 September 2015).Pharmacology for Women's Health. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 640–.ISBN 978-1-284-10811-8.
^Sturgis SH (April 1947). "Preliminary clinical report on a new synthetic estrogen, meprane".American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.53 (4):678–681.doi:10.1016/0002-9378(47)90289-5.PMID 20291241.
^Coulton D (August 1947). "Meprane an effective estrogen for inhibition and suppression of lactation".American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.54 (2):289–295.doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(16)39536-9.PMID 20257315.
^Coulton D, Sewall CW (September 1948). "Meprane in the treatment of the menopausal syndrome; an evaluation of estrogenic efficiency and toxicity".American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.56 (3):541–548.doi:10.1016/0002-9378(48)90643-7.PMID 18877188.
^Lin HA (August 1947). "A clinical study of a new synthetic estrogen".American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.54 (2):296–300.doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(16)39537-0.PMID 20257316.
^Jones GF (November 1949)."Physiology and management of the climacteric".California Medicine.71 (5):345–348.PMC 1520053.PMID 15390574.
^Ganellin CR, Triggle DJ (21 November 1996).Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1298–.ISBN 978-0-412-46630-4.
^Thomas JA, Keenan EJ (6 December 2012)."Estrogens and Antiestrogenic Drug".Principles of Endocrine Pharmacology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 150–.ISBN 978-1-4684-5036-1.
^"Female Reprodiction – Ovary".Essential of Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology. Allied Publishers. 1985. pp. 85–. GGKEY:HLNJ1BHUKW2.
^Modell W (21 November 2013).Drugs in Current Use 1958. Springer. pp. 114–.ISBN 978-3-662-40303-7.
^Dubin (6 December 2012).Emergency Psychiatry for the House Officer. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 155–.ISBN 978-94-011-6690-4.
^Forsberg JG (22 October 2013)."Induction of Conditions Leading to Cancer in the Genital Tract by Estrogen During the Differentiation Phase of the Genital Epithelium". In Raspé G (ed.).Hormones and Embryonic Development: Advances in The Biosciences. Elsevier Science. pp. 141–.ISBN 978-1-4831-5171-7.

Estrogens andantiestrogens

Estrogens

ERTooltip Estrogen receptor agonists

Progonadotropins

Antiandrogens (e.g.,bicalutamide)
GnRH agonists (e.g.,GnRH (gonadorelin),leuprorelin)
Gonadotropins (e.g.,FSHTooltip follicle-stimulating hormone,LHTooltip luteinizing hormone)

Antiestrogens

ERTooltip Estrogen receptor antagonists (incl.SERMsTooltip selective estrogen receptor modulators/SERDsTooltip selective estrogen receptor downregulators)	Acolbifene^† Anordrin Bazedoxifene Broparestrol Clomifene^# Cyclofenil Enclomifene^† Epitiostanol Lasofoxifene Mepitiostane Ormeloxifene Ospemifene Raloxifene Tamoxifen^# Toremifene Exclusively antagonistic:Elacestrant Fulvestrant Noncompetitive inhibitors:Trilostane
Aromatase inhibitors	First-generation:Aminoglutethimide Testolactone Second-generation:Fadrozole Formestane Third-generation:Anastrozole Exemestane Letrozole
Antigonadotropins	Androgens/anabolic steroids (e.g.,testosterone,testosterone esters,nandrolone esters,oxandrolone,fluoxymesterone) D₂ receptor antagonists (prolactin releasers) (e.g.,domperidone,metoclopramide,risperidone,haloperidol,chlorpromazine,sulpiride) GnRH agonists (e.g.,leuprorelin,goserelin) GnRH antagonists (e.g.,cetrorelix,elagolix) Progestogens (e.g.,chlormadinone acetate,cyproterone acetate,gestonorone caproate,hydroxyprogesterone caproate,medroxyprogesterone acetate,megestrol acetate)
Others	Mixed mechanism of action:Danazol Gestrinone Androstenedione immunogens:Androvax (androstenedione albumin) Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin)

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

See also: Estrogen receptor modulators; Androgens and antiandrogens; Progestogens and antiprogestogens; List of estrogens

Estrogen receptor modulators

ERTooltip Estrogen receptor

Agonists	Steroidal:2-Hydroxyestradiol 2-Hydroxyestrone 3-Methyl-19-methyleneandrosta-3,5-dien-17β-ol 3α-Androstanediol 3α,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel 3β,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel 3α-Hydroxytibolone 3β-Hydroxytibolone 3β-Androstanediol 4-Androstenediol 4-Androstenedione 4-Fluoroestradiol 4-Hydroxyestradiol 4-Hydroxyestrone 4-Methoxyestradiol 4-Methoxyestrone 5-Androstenediol 7-Oxo-DHEA 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA 7α-Methylestradiol 7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 8,9-Dehydroestradiol 8,9-Dehydroestrone 8β-VE2 10β,17β-Dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED) 11β-Chloromethylestradiol 11β-Methoxyestradiol 15α-Hydroxyestradiol 16-Ketoestradiol 16-Ketoestrone 16α-Fluoroestradiol 16α-Hydroxy-DHEA 16α-Hydroxyestrone 16α-Iodoestradiol 16α-LE2 16β-Hydroxyestrone 16β,17α-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol) 17α-Estradiol (alfatradiol) 17α-Dihydroequilenin 17α-Dihydroequilin 17α-Epiestriol (16α-hydroxy-17α-estradiol) 17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol 17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol 17β-Dihydroequilenin 17β-Dihydroequilin 17β-Methyl-17α-dihydroequilenin Abiraterone Abiraterone acetate Alestramustine Almestrone Anabolic steroids (e.g.,testosterone andesters,methyltestosterone,metandienone (methandrostenolone),nandrolone andesters, many others; via estrogenic metabolites) Atrimustine Bolandiol Bolandiol dipropionate Butolame Clomestrone Cloxestradiol Cloxestradiol acetate Conjugated estriol Conjugated estrogens Cyclodiol Cyclotriol DHEA DHEA-S ent-Estradiol Epiestriol (16β-epiestriol, 16β-hydroxy-17β-estradiol) Epimestrol Equilenin Equilin ERA-63 (ORG-37663) Esterified estrogens Estetrol Estradiol Estradiol esters Lipoidal estradiol Polyestradiol phosphate Estramustine Estramustine phosphate Estrapronicate Estrazinol Estriol Estriol esters Polyestriol phosphate Estrofurate Estrogenic substances Estromustine Estrone Estrone esters Estrone methyl ether Estropipate Etamestrol (eptamestrol) Ethinylandrostenediol Ethandrostate Ethinylestradiol Ethinylestradiol 3-benzoate Ethinylestradiol sulfonate Ethinylestriol Ethylestradiol Etynodiol Etynodiol diacetate Hexolame Hippulin Hydroxyestrone diacetate Lynestrenol Lynestrenol phenylpropionate Mestranol Methylestradiol Moxestrol Mytatrienediol Nilestriol Norethisterone Noretynodrel Orestrate Pentolame Prodiame Prolame Promestriene RU-16117 Quinestradol Quinestrol Tibolone Nonsteroidal:(R,R)-THC (S,S)-THC 2,8-DHHHC β-LGND1 β-LGND2 (GTx-878) AC-186 Allenestrol Allenolic acid Benzestrol Bifluranol Bisdehydrodoisynolic acid Butestrol Carbestrol D-15414 DCW234 Diarylpropionitrile Dienestrol Dienestrol diacetate Diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol esters Dimestrol (dianisylhexene) Dimethylstilbestrol Doisynoestrol (fenocycline) Doisynolic acid Efavirenz Elacestrant ERB-196 (WAY-202196) Erteberel (SERBA-1, LY-500307) Estrobin (DBE) Fenestrel FERb 033 Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) Furostilbestrol (diethylstilbestrol difuroate) GTx-758 Hexestrol Hexestrol esters ICI-85966 (Stilbostat) M2613 meso-Butestrol meso-Hexestrol Mestilbol Methallenestril Methestrol Methestrol dipropionate Paroxypropione Pentafluranol Phenestrol Prinaberel (ERB-041, WAY-202041) Propylpyrazoletriol Quadrosilan SC-3296 SC-4289 SERBA-2 SKF-82,958 Terfluranol Triphenylbromoethylene Triphenylchloroethylene Triphenyliodoethylene Triphenylmethylethylene (triphenylpropene) WAY-166818 WAY-169916 WAY-200070 WAY-204688 (SIM-688) WAY-214156 Unknown/unsorted:ERB-26 ERA-45 ERB-79 ZK-283197 Xenoestrogens:Anise-related (e.g.,anethole,anol,dianethole,dianol,photoanethole) Chalconoids (e.g.,isoliquiritigenin,phloretin,phlorizin (phloridzin),wedelolactone) Coumestans (e.g.,coumestrol,psoralidin) Flavonoids (incl.7,8-DHF,8-prenylnaringenin,apigenin,baicalein,baicalin,biochanin A,calycosin,catechin,daidzein,daidzin,ECG,EGCG,epicatechin,equol,formononetin,glabrene,glabridin,genistein,genistin,glycitein,kaempferol,liquiritigenin,mirificin,myricetin,naringenin,penduletin,pinocembrin,prunetin,puerarin,quercetin,tectoridin,tectorigenin) Lavender oil Lignans (e.g.,enterodiol,enterolactone,nyasol (cis-hinokiresinol)) Metalloestrogens (e.g.,cadmium) Pesticides (e.g.,alternariol,dieldrin,endosulfan,fenarimol,HPTE,methiocarb,methoxychlor,triclocarban,triclosan) Phytosteroids (e.g.,digitoxin (digitalis),diosgenin,guggulsterone) Phytosterols (e.g.,β-sitosterol,campesterol,stigmasterol) Resorcylic acid lactones (e.g.,zearalanone,α-zearalenol,β-zearalenol,zearalenone,zeranol (α-zearalanol),taleranol (teranol, β-zearalanol)) Steroid-like (e.g.,deoxymiroestrol,miroestrol) Stilbenoids (e.g.,resveratrol,rhaponticin) Synthetic xenoestrogens (e.g.,alkylphenols,bisphenols (e.g.,BPA,BPF,BPS),DDT,parabens,PBBs,PHBA,phthalates,PCBs) Others (e.g.,agnuside,rotundifuran)
Mixed (SERMsTooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators)	2-Phenylbenzofuran 2-Phenylbenzothiophene 4'-Hydroxynorendoxifen 27-Hydroxycholesterol Acefluranol Acolbifene Afimoxifene Anordiol Anordrin Arzoxifene Bazedoxifene Brilanestrant Broparestrol Camizestrant Chlorotrianisene Clomifene Clomifenoxide CN-55945-27 Cyclofenil D-15413 Desmethylchlorotrianisene Droloxifene Enclomifene Endoxifen Etacstil (GW-5638, DPC-974) Ethamoxytriphetol (MER-25) Femarelle Fispemifene GW-7604 ICI-55548 Idoxifene Lasofoxifene Levormeloxifene LN-1643 LN-2299 LY-117018 Menerba Miproxifene Miproxifene phosphate MRL-37 Nafoxidine Nitromifene NNC 45-0095 NNC 45-0320 NNC 45-0781 NNC 45-1506 Ormeloxifene Ospemifene Panomifene Pipendoxifene Promensil Raloxifene Rimostil (P-081) Spironolactone SS1010 Tamoxifen TAS-108 (SR-16234) Toremifene Trioxifene TZE-5323 U-11555A U-11634 Y-134 Zindoxifene Zuclomifene
Antagonists	(R,R)-THC 7β-Hydroxy-DHEA Chloroindazole Cytestrol acetate EM-800 (SCH-57050) Epitiostanol ERA-90 ERB-88 Fulvestrant (ICI-182780) Glyceollins (I,II,III,IV) ICI-164384 MDL-101906 Mepitiostane Methylepitiostanol Methylpiperidinopyrazole MIBE Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate Phenytoin PHTPP Prochloraz RU-39411 RU-58668 SS1020 TAS-108 (SR-16234) ZB716 ZK-164015 ZK-191703 Coregulator-binding modulators:ERX-11 Noncompetitive inhibitors:Trilostane

GPERTooltip G protein-coupled estrogen receptor

Agonists	2-Methoxyestradiol 7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone Afimoxifene (4-hydroxytamoxifen) Aldosterone Atrazine Bisphenol A Daidzein DDT (p,p'-DDT,o',p'-DDE) Diarylpropionitrile Equol Estradiol Ethinylestradiol Fulvestrant (ICI-182780) G-1 Genistein GPER-L1 GPER-L2 Hydroxytyrosol Kepone Nicotinic acid Nicotinamide Nonylphenol Oleuropein PCBs (2,2',5'-PCB-4-OH) Propylpyrazoletriol Quercetin Raloxifene Resveratrol STX Tamoxifen Tectoridin
Antagonists	CCL18 Estriol G-15 G-36 MIBE
Unknown	Diethylstilbestrol Zearalenone

See also: Receptor/signaling modulators; Estrogens and antiestrogens; Androgen receptor modulators; Progesterone receptor modulators; List of estrogens

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