L-glutamate is the majorexcitatory neurotransmitter in thecentral nervous system and activates bothionotropic andmetabotropic glutamate receptors.Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in manyneuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family ofG protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includesGRM1 andGRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includesGRM2 andGRM3 while Group III includesGRM4,GRM6,GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of thecyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Alternativesplice variants of GRM8 have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined.[6]
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Thomas NK, Wright RA, Howson PA, Kingston AE, Schoepp DD, Jane DE (March 2001). "(S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord".Neuropharmacology.40 (3):311–318.doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(00)00169-6.PMID11166323.S2CID2872874.
Kobayashi Y, Akiyoshi J, Kanehisa M, Ichioka S, Tanaka Y, Tsuru J, et al. (February 2007). "Lack of polymorphism in genes encoding mGluR 7, mGluR 8, GABA(A) receptor alfa-6 subunit and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor and panic disorder".Psychiatric Genetics.17 (1): 9.doi:10.1097/YPG.0b013e32801118bc.PMID17167337.
