Throughout its long history,Mercedes-Benz has been involved in a range of successfulmotorsport activities, includingsportscar racing,touring car racing,Grand Prix racing, andrallying. It is currently active in GT racing, and Formula One. Mercedes is also one of only three constructors to complete theTriple Crown of Motorsport (wins at theIndianapolis 500,24 Hours of Le Mans, andMonaco Grand Prix), a feat that Mercedes achieved as both achassis manufacturer and anengine manufacturer by winning the1952 24 Hours of Le Mans.
The two companies which were merged to form theMercedes-Benz brand in 1926 had both already enjoyed success in the new sport of motor racing throughout their separate histories. A single Benz competed in the world's first motor race, the1894 Paris–Rouen, where Émile Roger finished 14th in 10 hours 1 minute. In spring 1888, Roger was granted the sole agency rights for Benz vehicles and engines in France. Roger was not only a high-performing sales partner for Carl Benz, selling vehicles from Germany with great success; this step also marked the beginning of foreign sales for Benz. TheMercedes Simplex of 1902, built by DMG, was Mercedes' first purpose-builtrace car—much lower than their usual designs—which were similar to horse carriages; that model dominated racing for years. In 1914, just before the beginning of theFirst World War, the DMGMercedes 35 hp won theFrench Grand Prix, finishing 1–2–3.[1]
Karl Benz's company,Benz & Cie. built the "bird beaked",Blitzen Benz that setland speed records several times, reaching 228.1 km/h (141.7 mph) in 1911.[2] That record gained that model the reputation of being faster than any other automobile—as well as any train or plane.[2] They constructed manyaerodynamically designed race cars. Mercedes-Benz won theElgin Trophy three consecutive years with driverRalph DePalma (1912, 1913, 1914).[3]
Benz was involved inGrand Prix motor racing from 1923, when the BenzTropfenwagen (described as having a teardrop shape) was introduced tomotorsport at theEuropean Grand Prix atMonza. These, the brainchild of Benz chief engineerHans Nibel (1880–1934), were inspired by theRumpler Tropfenwagen and were intended to increase public acceptance of mid-engined cars.[4] They resembled the laterAuto Unions (also built in part by Rumpler engineers),[5] and used the virtually unchanged Rumpler chassis.[6] They were fitted with a 1,991 cc (121.5 cu in)DOHCinline six producing 60 kW (80 hp)[6] and demonstrated "impeccable roadholding" at 140 km/h (90 mph) and above.[7]
Despite a promising start, with a fourth and a fifth (and one retirement) in their debut,[7] they did no better in three years of Grands Prix andhillclimbing,[8] and the expected public acceptance did not materialize.[9] Financial difficulties led to a merger withDaimler.
In the 1930s, the new joint company,Daimler-Benz, with their mighty Mercedes-BenzSilver Arrows, dominatedGrand Prix racing in Europe together with its rival,Auto Union. In fact the colour of the cars, which was later to become legendary, was unintentional—they had initially been painted white as wastraditional for German cars, but the paint was stripped away to reduce weight.[citation needed] The cars set speed records up to 435 km/h (270 mph).[citation needed] The team was guided by the greatRennleiter (racing team manager)Alfred Neubauer (1891–1980) until the company ceased racing at the start of WWII.
In 1954 Mercedes-Benz returned to what was now known asFormula One racing (a World championship having been established in 1950), using the technologically advancedMercedes-Benz W196 which was run in both open-wheeled and streamlined forms.Juan Manuel Fangio (1911–1995), a previous champion (1951) transferred mid-season from Maserati to Mercedes-Benz for their debut at theFrench Grand Prix on 4 July 1954. The team had immediate success and recorded a 1–2 victory with Fangio andKarl Kling (1910–2003), as well as the fastest lap (Hans Herrmann). Fangio went on to win three more races in 1954, winning the Championship.
The success continued into the1955 season, where the same car was used again. The team's drivers, Fangio and the youngStirling Moss (1929–2020), won 6 of the 9 rounds between them, and finished first and second in that year's championship.
Following the1955 Le Mans disaster, Mercedes-Benz withdrew from all factory-sponsored motorsport.[10]
Mercedes made its return toFormula One in 1994 as an engine supplier toSauber, with whom they had already enjoyed success in sportscar racing, after 1993 funding their engine partnerIlmor, Mercedes and Sauber announced that the teams' engines will be rebadged "Mercedes-Benz" for the 1994 season thus signaling Mercedes partial return to factory-sponsored motorsport the first time since1955. In the one year that Sauber ran Mercedes badged engines they only managed to score twelve points.
1995 saw the normally aspirated Mercedes-Benz-Ilmor F1-V10 move to theWoking basedMcLaren team, replacingPeugeot who moved to supplying their engines to theJordan team. In a season dominated by theRenault poweredBenetton B195s andWilliams FW17s, the McLaren-Mercedes partnership produced thirty points with 2 podium finishes fromMika Häkkinen.1996 produced similar results to '95 with the team finishing behind the trio of Williams, Benetton andFerrari, but the team still scored three times as many podium positions in comparison to the previous year. Outside Formula One, Mercedes-Benz had increased its shareholding in the Ilmor company in 1996 and took full control nine years later.[citation needed] They have continued to design and build engines for McLaren.
In the opening race of the1997 Formula One season,David Coulthard produced victory for McLaren and ushered in a new era of success for theBritish based squad. Coincidentally this was the first race in which McLaren had competed with a silver livery due toWest replacingMarlboro, who moved to Ferrari, as title sponsor. The colour drew inevitable comparisons to theSilver Arrows of a previous era, and the nickname was applied to the McLarens.[citation needed] This was a significant result in F1 racing, McLaren's first victory for three seasons and the first win for Mercedes-Benz sinceJuan Manuel Fangio's success at the1955 Italian Grand Prix. McLaren and Mercedes-Benz still, however, finished fourth in the Constructors' Championship behind the same three teams as the previous two seasons, but they had collected more than twice as many points in '97 as they had in '95.
With anAdrian Newey designedMP4/13 for1998, McLaren went on to win both the Drivers' Championship with Häkkinen and the Constructors' title, their first in seven years, by twenty-three points to their nearest rivals Ferrari. Häkkinen went on to win the title for the second time in succession thefollowing season, however, the team failed to retain their Constructors' title, losing it to Ferrari by four points.
2000 and2001 saw McLaren and their drivers play second fiddle to the dominant partnership ofMichael Schumacher and Ferrari, as the Italian-German partnership won nineteen of a possible thirty-four races. Häkkinen retired from Formula One before the2002 season, although he would later represent Mercedes in theDeutsche Tourenwagen Masters series. FellowFinnKimi Räikkönen replaced him. McLaren dropped down the order in terms of Constructors' Championship position, losing its second-place position to theBMW-Williams team, with the season still being dominated overall by Schumacher and Ferrari. For the following four years McLaren proved to be one of the fastest cars in the field but lacked in reliability, most notably in2005 and2006; the 2006 season marked the first since 1996 in which McLaren had failed to win a race. In2007 McLaren's drivers finished second and third in the Drivers' Championship, only 1 point behind Champion Kimi Räikkönen. The team was also disqualified from the championship. In2008Lewis Hamilton won the Drivers' Championship by 1 point from Ferrari's Felipe Massa. Jenson Button won McLaren-Mercedes’ last win in 2012 at the2012 Brazilian Grand Prix.
For the2014 Season, McLaren-Mercedes would use the Mercedes PU106A Hybrid, a 1.6-litre V6 turbocharged engine.[11] In their final season as McLaren-Mercedes the team finished 5th in the World Constructors' Championship standings with 181 points. At the end of the season, Mercedes-Benz officially ended its 20-year partnership withMcLaren.
On September 28, 2019, Mercedes-Benz and McLaren agreed to a four-year deal for Mercedes-Benz to be an engine supplier for McLaren in the beginning of the year 2021.[12] McLaren's first season back with Mercedes power saw them achieve a 1-2 result at the2021 Italian Grand Prix withDaniel Ricciardo andLando Norris finishing 1st and 2nd, respectively, and 3 further podiums (all from Norris) to finish 4th in the Constructors' Championship, by losing 3rd place to Ferrari.
In early 2013, it was announced that Mercedes-Benz would be the engine supplier toWilliams for the 2014 season. The team finished the2015 season placing third in the World Constructors' Championship standings with 257 points, with bothFelipe Massa andValtteri Bottas scoring 4 podiums during the season. For the next two seasons, the team finished 5th in2016 and2017. For the2018 season, Williams-Mercedes faced a disappointing season only finishing 10th in the World Constructors' Championship standings. On 13 September 2019, Williams and Mercedes-Benz agreed to extend their partnership until 2025.[13]
In 2003, the partnership between Mercedes and McLaren was extended into the production of a Mercedes-McLaren roadcar, theSLR. Mercedes also supplies the cars to the FIA for use assafety cars and other race official roles, such as the medical car, at Formula One races. Currently, inFormula One, Mercedes andAston Martin both supply the Safety Car and alternate per race. At the moment the Mercedes safety car is a red design.
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On November 16, 2009, it was announced that Mercedes would buyBrawn. They purchased 75% which gave them the controlling stake in the2009 championship-winning teamBrawn GP.[14] The team, renamed and brandedMercedes GP, debuted at the2010 Bahrain Grand Prix, with an all-German driver line-up ofNico Rosberg andMichael Schumacher and was their full return to factory sponsored motorsport in F1. Over the next few years, withLewis Hamilton in the team, Mercedes would go on to win eight consecutive Formula One World Constructors' Championships from2014 to2021 the third highest total in Formula One history.[15] Mercedes also won seven Drivers' Championships until Hamilton lost the title toMax Verstappen in2021.
It was in 1952 that Mercedes-Benz returned to racing after the war, again with Alfred Neubauer as team manager. The gull-wingedMercedes-Benz W194, won several races in 1952 including the24 Hours of Le Mans, theCarrera Panamericana, and did well in other important races such as theMille Miglia.
Mercedes-Benz was also dominant insports car racing during the 1950s. The Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR was derived from the W196 Formula One car for use in the1955 World Sportscar Championship season. At Le Mans that year, adisaster occurred in which aMercedes-Benz 300 SLR collided with another car, killing more than eighty spectators. The team went on to win the two remaining races of the season, and won the Manufacturer's championship, but it had already been planned at the beginning of that year that the company would retire its teams at the end of the 1955 season.[16] In fact in the aftermath of the Le Mans disaster, it would be several decades until Mercedes-Benz returned to front line motorsport.
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Mercedes returned to competition through the tuning companyAMG (later to become a Mercedes-Benz subsidiary), which entered the bigMercedes-Benz 300SEL 6.3 V8 sedan in theSpa 24 Hours and theEuropean Touring Car Championship.
In 1985 Mercedes-Benz returned to theWorld Sportscar Championship as an engine supplier for the privateerSauber team. The first car produced by this relationship, theSauber C8 was not particularly successful. However the successor, theC9 won several races, including 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1989.
After the Sauber team parted company with their sponsor Kouros at the end of 1987, Mercedes-Benz increased their involvement with Sauber for the 1988 season to become a factory entrant under the Sauber-Mercedes name. Still using the C9 the team won 5 races but came 2nd to the TWR Jaguar team in the championship. However, 1989 was to be a different story with Sauber-Mercedes winning all but one championship race to become world champions (including coming 1st and 2nd at the24 Hours of Le Mans - all achieved with the C9. For the 1990 World Sportscar Championship season the C9 was replaced by the all-newC11, while the team was renamed Mercedes-Benz (though the outfit was still run by Sauber). The team dominated the season, again winning all but one race to become world champions. Mercedes-Benz eventually withdrew from sportscar racing after a dismal 1991 season with theC291.
Mercedes-Benz returned tosportscar racing in 1997, with theCLK GTR which was entered in the newFIA GT Championship world championship series. In its first year, the CLK GTR won the teams' and the drivers' championships. It would again dominate the FIA GT in 1998, and would go on to win its second championship in a row. The CLK GTR would be the last car to win the FIA GT Championship. The successor to this car, theCLR was a spectacular failure. It was entered in the 1999 Le Mans race, but a series of accidents involving the car become airborne brought about the cancellation of the CLR project and Mercedes-Benz (as a factory team) has not participated in sports prototype racing since.
In 2001, Mercedes-Benz and AMG returned to tarmac rallying, with a specially modified version of the W208 CLK55 AMG. Mercedes-Benz and AMG created a one off works Tarmac Rally Car to compete with full factory support in the 2001 Targa Tasmania tarmac rally in Australia.[17]Mick Doohan, 5 time motorcycle world champion, was chosen as the works driver.[17]
In 2011, Mercedes-Benz announced that a GT3 version of theMercedes-Benz SLS AMG would be made available for private racing teams. Beginning that year, the SLS AMG GT3 has taken numerous endurance racing wins at the24 Hours of Dubai,24 Hours of Nürburgring and24 Hours of Spa and has won many other races in national and global GT3 championships. In 2015, the newMercedes-AMG GT3 was launched to replace the SLS AMG GT3. This was then followed up by an "Evo" version of the AMG GT3 in 2020, which has also seen tons of success. In late 2024, it was announced that Mercedes-AMG would return to Le Mans after 25 years asIron Lynx is set to run two AMG GT3's in the 2025FIA World Endurance Championship.[citation needed]
Mercedes-Benz had intended to enterrallying with theMercedes-Benz W201 in the early 1980s.[citation needed] Yet, asall wheel drive andturbochargers were introduced by the competition (Audi Quattro) at that time, this was cancelled. Instead the W201 ended up being used in theDTMtouring car series from 1988, with the car again being prepared by AMG,[citation needed] who became an official partner and continue to enter thenew DTM. However, Mercedes-Benz ceased its factory involvement in DTM at the end of the2018 season in order to join theFormula E series for Season 6 (2019–20).[18]
In 2013, Mercedes-Benz entered theV8 Supercars Championship with theErebus Motorsport team, fielding threeMercedes-Benz E63s V8s in2013 and two in the2014 and2015 championships.[19][20] For the2016 season, Erebus ceased development of its E63 AMGs to instead field a pair ofHolden VF Commodores, bringing an end to Mercedes-Benz' involvement in theSupercars Championship for the foreseeable future.[21]
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On July 24, 2017, Mercedes announced that they would enter theFIA Formula E Championship for the2019–20 season with a works effort, leaving theDTM series in favour of the new venture.[22] The team was known as the Mercedes EQ Formula E team and made use of the same powertrain development facility as theFormula One team,Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth, UK. One of the teams that ran Mercedes cars in the DTM entered the2018–19 season asHWA Racelab, which became the full works team in2019–20.[23] They won both the2020–21 and2021–22 Formula E World Drivers' and Teams' Championships, withStoffel Vandoorne andNyck de Vries, before selling the team toMcLaren.
On August 13–21, 1983 at the Nardo High Speed Track in southern Italy, the new compact-size W201 190 class, sporting a 16-valve engine, built by Cosworth, broke threeFIA world records after running almost non-stop (only a 20-sec pit stop every 2½ hours) in a total of 201 hours, 39 minutes, and 43 seconds—completing 50,000 kilometres (31,000 mi) at an average speed of 248 km/h (154 mph).[citation needed] It went on to become the 190E 2.3-16 touring model.
In 1994,Al Unser Jr. won theIndianapolis 500 with aPenske-Mercedes IndyCar. The engines were developed and built byIlmor, but were badged as Mercedes-Benz. Ilmor which, realizing that a loophole in the rules for production-based engines would include anypushrod engine,[24] built a very unusual purpose-built pushrod engine with a significant power advantage. This was done knowing that the "forgotten" loophole would be closed immediately after they took advantage of it,[24] and so the engine would in fact be usable only for this single race.
Starting from 1995, Daimler AG entered theCART IndyCar World Series full-time via the Mercedes-Benz brand by rebranding the Ilmor engines. They achieved six wins in their first full season, also reaching second in the Drivers' Championship poweringAl Unser Jr. After a dry spell in 1996, Mercedes-Benz came back in 1997 with nine wins and won the Manufacturers' Championship. However, a lack of competitive results in the following seasons and theCART/IRL split meant Mercedes gradually lost interest and the German manufacturer shut down its CART Champ Car operations at the end of the 2000 season asDaimlerChrysler re-allocate their resources forNASCAR Winston Cup Series from2001 onwards via theDodge brand (Mercedes-Benz and Dodge were sister brands at the time as well as R5P7 engines were also helped development byMercedes-Benz). In total, Mercedes achieved 18 wins and one driver runner-up finish in the CART championship (Al Unser Jr. in 1995).
 | This section needs to beupdated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(October 2018) |
In the five years since Mercedes-Benz began its involvement inFormula Three, it has developed into the formula's most dominant engine supplier. Its engines, which are built and serviced by H.W.A GmbH, have so far contributed to a total of four drivers' and four teams' championship titles in theFormula Three Euroseries andBritish Formula Three Championship.
The H.W.A Mercedes-AMG M271 was based on a 1.8 litre 4-cylinder from theC-Klasse, bored out to the regulation 2.0 litre capacity.[25] Formula Three engine regulations demand a naturally aspirated, 4-stroke, 4-cylinder, production-based specification, with a capacity of not more than 2,000 cc.[26] The M271 made its competitive debut in the 2002 German Formula 3 Championship in two of Mücke Motorsport's three Dallara F302 chassis, driven byMarkus Winkelhock and Marcel Lasse.[27] Winkelhock achieved Mercedes' first F3 win at the Nürburgring in August 2002.[28]
In 2003, Mercedes expanded its Formula Three program by supplying three teams in the inaugural year of theF3 Euroseries. Its engine powered the seven cars of Mücke Motorsport, Team Kolles, and ASM Formule 3.[29] Speiss-Opel was dominant, thanks in part toRyan Briscoe and Prema Powerteam, but Mercedes was winning by the eighth round.[30] Its most notable win was provided byChristian Klien atZandvoort in the non-championshipMarlboro Masters.[31]
Between 2004 and 2006, Mercedes-powered cars dominated the drivers' and teams' championships in the Euroseries, due in part to its close relationship withASM Formule 3, which is one of France's most successful F3 teams. During that period, it brought drivers' titles forJamie Green,Lewis Hamilton, andPaul di Resta.[32] 2006 also saw Mercedes' first participation in the British F3 Championship, when it partnered withRäikkönen Robertson Racing, co-owned byKimi Räikkönen, and two other teams.[33] Double R Racing's lead driver,Mike Conway, dominated the championship.[34] In the2007 British F3 season, Mercedes powered the majority of the Championship field.[citation needed]
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