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Member states of UNESCO

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

  UNESCO member states
  UNESCO member state dependent territory with separate NOC
  UNESCO associates
  UNESCO observers

As of July 2023[update],UNESCO members include 194 member states and 12 associate members.[1] Some members have additional National Organizing Committees (NOCs) for some of theirdependent territories.[2] The associate members are non-independent states.

Three UNESCO member states are notUN member states:Cook Islands,Niue, andPalestine (Palestine is anon-member observer State of theUnited Nations General Assembly since 29 November 2012), while UN member statesIsrael andLiechtenstein are not UNESCO members. Israel and the United States left on 31 December 2018 asserting that the organization had an anti-Israel bias.[3] The United States later reversed its decision in 2023,[4] and was readmitted by theUNESCO General Conference that July.[5]

Kosovo was approved for membership by UNESCO's executive board in 2015,[6] but the proposal did not receive the required 2/3 of votes in favour at the general conference.[7]

Member states

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The 194 UNESCO member states, as of July 2023[update], with the date on which they became members, are:[8][9][1][2]

CurrentlyLiechtenstein is not a member of UNESCO, but they have an NOC under Switzerland's membership.[2]

Former members

[edit]
  • Israel (16 September 1949 – 31 December 2018)[3]

Both Israel and the United States withdrew claiming that the organization had ananti-Israel bias,[3][15] with the United States moving to rejoin in July 2023.[5]

Associate members

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The 12 associate members of UNESCO and the date on which they became associate members:[1]

Observers

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There are 2 Permanent Observers and 10 intergovernmental organizations with Permanent Observer Missions to UNESCO.[16]

Non-member States[17]
Entities[17]
Intergovernmental organizations[17]

In addition, there is a liaison office of theUnited Nations University at UNESCO.[18]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^abcdeSome territories of China, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom are associate members of UNESCO.
  2. ^Membership was founded as theRepublic of China in 1946. With the adoption ofUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758 (XXVI) on 25 October 1971, the Chinese representation at UNESCO also transferred to the People's Republic of China as of 29 October 1971.
  3. ^abCzechoslovakia was a UNESCO member state from the organization's foundation on 4 November 1946 until itsdissolution on 31 December 1992.
  4. ^As Swaziland before 2018.
  5. ^Germany became a member of UNESCO on 11 July 1951, when it wasWest Germany.East Germany was a UNESCO member state from 24 November 1972 untilGerman reunification on 3 October 1990.
  6. ^abThe formerSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) became a UNESCO member state on 31 March 1950. The participation of Yugoslavia in meetings of governing bodies and conferences of UNESCO was suspended following Resolution 47/1 adopted by theGeneral Assembly of the United Nations on 22 September 1992, which stated that theFederal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) could not continue automatically the membership of the former SFRY. Accordingly, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which became a Member State on 20 December 2000, could not automatically succeed the former SFRY as a member of the Organization. Following the adoption of the Constitutional Charter ofSerbia and Montenegro by theAssembly of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on 4 February 2003, the name of the State of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has been changed to "Serbia and Montenegro". Further to the Declaration of Independence adopted by theParliament of Montenegro on 3 June 2006, UNESCO has been informed that the membership of the State Union Serbia and Montenegro in UNESCO is continued by the Republic of Serbia on the basis of Article 60 of the Constitutional Charter of Serbia and Montenegro.
  7. ^Niue does not have a National Organizing Committee established.[2]
  8. ^As "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" before 2019.
  9. ^On 31 October 2011, the UNESCO General Conference inParisadmitted Palestine as a UNESCO member state, with 107 votes in favour of admission and 14 votes against, with 52 abstentions (a two-thirds majority vote in favour by member states is required). The decision took effect on 23 November 2011 when Palestine ratified UNESCO’s constitution.[11]
  10. ^TheSoviet Union became a UNESCO member state on 21 April 1954. On 26 December 1991, theSoviet Union was dissolved, and the Russian Federation succeeded it.
  11. ^Membership was founded as theSouth Vietnam to 30 April 1975.
  12. ^abTheNetherlands Antilles became associate member of UNESCO on 26 October 1983. On Sunday 10 October 2010, a new status of the Netherlands Antilles came into effect within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, by which the country-statusDutch:land of the Netherlands Antilles ceased to exist. Under the new status, Curacao and Sint Maarten become countries (enjoying internal self-government within the Kingdom), joining Aruba, which gained similar status in 1986. Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba have become part of the country "the Netherlands". The Netherlands retains responsibility for e.g. defence and foreign policy.
  13. ^As Macau before 1999.

References

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  1. ^abcUNESCO official site:List of the 193 Member States (and the 11 Associate Members) of UNESCO and the date on which they became members (or Associate Members) of the Organization, as of 1 January 2019
  2. ^abcdWADA."Summary update on Government progress to become a State Party to the UNESCO International Convention against Doping in Sport"(PDF). p. 2. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved28 July 2009.
  3. ^abcdLazaroff, Tovah (31 December 2018)."Israel, U.S. slated to leave UNESCO today to protest anti-Israel bias".The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved31 December 2018.
  4. ^Charlton, Angela (12 June 2023)."US decides to rejoin UNESCO and pay back dues, to counter Chinese influence".Associated Press. Retrieved12 June 2023.
  5. ^abcLee, Matthew (11 July 2023)."U.S. formally rejoins UNESCO 5 years after withdraw".PBS.Associated Press. Retrieved11 July 2023.
  6. ^"Kosovo Moves Closer To UNESCO Membership".Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 21 October 2015. Retrieved21 October 2015.
  7. ^"Kosovo's UNESCO Membership Bid Fails". 9 November 2015. Retrieved8 December 2015.
  8. ^"UK Depositary Status List - Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)"(PDF).Foreign and Commonwealth Office. April 2016. Retrieved15 October 2017.
  9. ^"Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation [as later amended]".Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Archived fromthe original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved15 October 2017.
  10. ^"UNESCO Statement following Nicaragua's decision to withdraw from the Organization".UNESCO. 4 May 2025.
  11. ^"General Conference admits Palestine as UNESCO Member".UNESCO. 31 October 2011. Retrieved25 October 2017.
  12. ^UNESCO."UNESCO - Singapore - official relations". Archived fromthe original on 27 May 2012. Retrieved1 November 2011.
  13. ^UNESCO."South Sudan – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". Retrieved19 August 2013.
  14. ^"US says it's leaving UN cultural agency UNESCO again, only 2 years after rejoining".AP. 22 July 2025.
  15. ^Nauert, Heather (12 October 2017)."The United States Withdraws From UNESCO" (Press release).U.S. Department of State. Retrieved25 October 2017.
  16. ^UNESCO."UNESCO Permanent delegations". Retrieved1 November 2011.
  17. ^abcUNESCO."Directory of Permanenent Delegations and Permanent Observer Missions to UNESCO". Retrieved1 November 2011.
  18. ^UNESCO."Directory of Permanent Delegations to UNESCO". Retrieved1 November 2011.
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