Memari I
Community development block
Location in West Bengal
Coordinates:23°10′34″N88°06′25″E / 23.17611°N 88.10694°E /23.17611; 88.10694
Country	India
State	West Bengal
District	Purba Bardhaman
Parliamentary constituency	Bardhaman Purba
Assembly constituency	Memari
Area
• Total	72.17 sq mi (186.91 km2)
Elevation	72 ft (22 m)
Population  (2011)
• Total	218,425
• Density	3,026.7/sq mi (1,168.6/km2)
Time zone	UTC+5.30 (IST)
PIN	713146 (Memari) 713201 (Durgapur) 713154 (Amadpur)
Telephone/STD code	03213
Vehicle registration	WB-37,WB-38,WB-41,WB-42,WB-44
Literacy Rate	74.10 per cent
Website	http://purbabardhaman.gov.in/

Memari I is acommunity development block that forms an administrative division inBardhaman Sadar South subdivision ofPurba Bardhaman district in theIndianstate ofWest Bengal.

Memari is located at23°10′34″N88°06′25″E / 23.176°N 88.107°E /23.176; 88.107.

Memari I CD Block is part of the Bardhaman Plain, the central plain area of the district. The area is surrounded by theBhagirathi on the east, theAjay on the north-west and theDamodar on the west and south. Old river channels and small creeks found in the region dry up in the dry season, but the Bardhaman Plains are sometimes subject to heavy floods during the rainy season. The region has recentalluvial soils.^[1]

Memari I CD Block is bounded byMemari II CD Block on the north,Kalna II CD Block andPandua CD Block, in Hooghly district, on the east,Jamalpur CD Block on the south andBurdwan II CD Block on the west.^[2]

Memari I CD Block has an area of 186.91 km². It has 1panchayat samity, 10gram panchayats, 171 gram sansads (village councils), 113mouzas and 111 inhabited villages.Memari police station serves this block.^[3] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Memari.^[4]

Gram panchayats of Memari I block/panchayat samiti are: Amadpur, Bagila, Daluibazar I, Daluibazar II, Debipur, Durgapur, Gope-Gantar I, Gope-Gantar II, Nimo I and Nimo II.^[5]

As per the2011 Census of India Memari I CD Block had a total population of 218,425, of which 214,005 were rural and 4,420 were urban. There were 110,712 (51%) males and 107,713 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 22,294.Scheduled Castes numbered 79,976 (36.61%) andScheduled Tribes numbered 34,467 (15.78%).^[6]

As per 2001 census, Memari I block had a total population of 198,152, out of which 100,715 were males and 97,437 were females. Memari I block registered a population growth of 1.31 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Bardhaman district was 14.36 per cent.^[7] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.^[8]Scheduled castes at 76,357 formed more than one-third the population. Scheduled tribes numbered 28,467.^[9]

Census Town in Memari I CD Block is (2011 census figure in brackets):Alipur (4,420).^[6]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Memari I CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Palla (6,675), Chanchal (11,476), Amadpur (5,507), Sanui (4,141),Rasulpur (5,091), Kenna (4,116), Nimo (4,710), Chotkhanda (4,365) and Mabarakpur (4,465).^[6]

Other villages in Memari I CD Block include (2011census figures in brackets): Durgapur (2,056), Debipur (3,175), Gantar (2,637), Bagila (3,459) and Dalui Bazar (3,714).^[6]

As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Memari I CD Block was 145,341 (74.10% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 80,404 (80.88% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 64,937 (67.14% of the female population over 6 years). Thegender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 13.74%.^[6]

As per 2001 census, Memari I block had a total literacy of 66.43 per cent for the 6+ age group. While male literacy was 75.58 per cent female literacy was 56.97 per cent. Bardhaman district had a total literacy of 70.18 per cent, male literacy being 78.63 per cent and female literacy being 60.95 per cent.^[10]

See also –List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 172,616 and formed 79.03% of the population in Memari I CD Block. Muslims numbered 39,882 and formed 18.26% of the population. Christians numbered 360 and formed 0.16% of the population. Others numbered 5,567 and formed 2.55% of the population.^[11]

In Bardhaman district the percentage of Hindu population has been declining from 84.3% in 1961 to 77.9% in 2011 and the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 15.2% in 1961 to 20.7% in 2011.^[12]

At the time of the 2011 census, 86.49% of the population spokeBengali, 11.83%Santali and 1.00%Hindi as their first language.^[13]

As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families livingbelow poverty line in 2005,rural poverty in Memari I CD Block was 28.05%.^[14]

In Memari I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 11.24%, agricultural labourers 52.16%, household industry workers 5.69% and other workers 30.90%.^[3]

Memari I CD Block is part of the area where agriculture dominates the scenario but the secondary and tertiary sectors have shown an increasing trend.^[15]

There are 111 inhabited villages in Memari I CD block. All 111 villages (100%) have power supply. All 111 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 17 villages (15.32%) have post offices. All 111 villages (100%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 44 villages (39.64%) have a pucca (paved) approach road and 64 villages (57.66%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 19 villages (17.12%) haveagricultural credit societies. 10 villages (9.01%) have banks.^[16]

In 2013–14, there were 124 fertiliser depots, 38 seed stores and 59fair price shops in the CD Block.^[3]

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights ofbargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.^[17] Followingland reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Memari I CD Block could be classified as follows:bargadars 5.79%, patta (document) holders 10.00%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 3.48%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 24.43% and agricultural labourers 56.31%.^[3]

In 2003-04 net cropped area in Memari I CD Block was 14,068 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 15,590 hectares.^[18]

In 2013–14, Memari I CD Block produced 3,342 tonnes ofAman paddy, the main winter crop, from 1,263 hectares, 6,682 tones of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 2,534 hectares, 13,255 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 3,576 hectares, 1,063 tonnes of wheat from 397 hectares, 358,206 tonnes of potatoes from 10,836 hectares and 1,192 tonnes of sugarcane from 19 hectares It also produced pulses and oilseeds.^[3]

In Bardhaman district as a whole Aman paddy constituted 64.32% of the total area under paddy cultivation, while the area under Boro and Aus paddy constituted 32.87% and 2.81% respectively. The expansion of Boro paddy cultivation, with higher yield rates, was the result of expansion of irrigation system and intensive cropping.^[19] In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Memari I CD Block was 16,402.60 hectares, out of which 15,946.65 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 129.15 hectares by river lift irrigation and 326.60 hectares by deep tube wells.^[3]

In 2013–14, Memari I CD Block had offices of 12 commercial banks and 2gramin banks.^[3]

v t e Howrah–Barddhaman main line
Legend
km km Barddhaman–Asansol section Barddhaman Down Yard B.B. loop line Barddhaman–Katwa line Barddhaman Junction 107 00 143 53 Katwa Junction 136 Dainhat Barddhaman Up Yard Barddhaman Diesel Loco shed Gangpur 100 Dainhat–Manteswar –Memari line (planned) Saktigarh 95 B.B. loop line Palsit 91 Manteswar(planned) Rasulpur–Mathanashipur –Jangalpara line (planned) Howrah–Barddhaman chord line 87 Rasulpur Nimo 84 Dainhat–Manteswar –Memari line (planned) 81 Memari Bagila 78 74 Debipur Bainchi 70 67 Bainchigram Simlagarh 65 60 Pundooah Khanyan 55 50 Talandu Howrah–Barddhaman chord line B.B. loop line Dhaniakhali Halt 00 46 Magra (planned) Tarakeswar–Dhaniakhali –Magra line Saraswati river Howrah–Barddhaman chord line 43 Adisaptagram Bandel EMU car shed B.B. loop line Bandel goods yard Bandel Junction 39 Bandel Steam Loco shed Bandel–Naihati branch line Hooghly 37 35 Chuchura Chandannagar 32 30 Mankundu Victoria jute mill siding Bhadreshwar jute mill siding Braithwaite Angus Works siding Angus jute mill siding Bhadreshwar 28 Champdani coal depot siding 30 Bhadreshwar Ghat DVC Khal North Brook jute mill siding Dalhousie jute mill siding Champdani jute mill siding 24 Baidyabati Seoraphuli–Bishnupur branch line 22 Seoraphuli Junction (planned) Shrirampur 19 Shrirampur (planned) Howrah Maidan–Dankuni –Srirampur metro Standard Pharma siding FCI siding Rishra Glass factory siding Grasim Industries factory siding Wellington jute mill siding 16 Rishra Rishra cotton mill siding Berger Paints factory siding Hindustan Motors factory siding 13 Konnagar Titagarh Wagons siding 11 Hind Motor 9 Uttarpara Condemned Coach Dismantling & Cutting Yard Bone mill siding Bally Khal Howrah–Barddhaman chord line Bally jute mill siding 8 Bally Belghoria Expressway Calcutta Chord link line 6 Belur Math Belur Railway Scrap Yard Belur 5 Belur Store Yard 4 Liluah Howrah–Kharagpur line Liluah C & W Workshop Santragachi Locomotive Shed Santragachi Coaching Yard Hindustan Industries & Engineering siding Santragachi–Amta branch line (planned) Howrah–Santragachi –Dhulagarh metro Santragachi Junction 07 10 Santragachi(planned) (planned) Howrah–Santragachi –Dhulagarh metro Liluah Sorting Yard Kona Expressway Ramrajatala 06 Howrah Diesel Loco Shed Dasnagar 04 Tikiapara–Liluah line (Howrah bypass line) Howrah Electric Loco Shed Tikiapara 02 Tikiapara EMU Car Shed Padmapukur Coaching Yard Tikiapara Coaching Yard Padmapukur 08 (planned) Howrah–Santragachi –Dhulagarh metro Howrah EMU Car Shed Guest Keen Williams siding Shalimar 05 Shalimar(planned) Shalimar rail yard CCI siding Shalimar Goods Shed B & R siding Salt Golah Goods Yard(abandoned) (planned) Coal Depot Howrah Maidan–Dankuni –Srirampur metro (planned) (planned) Foreshore Road Jheel Siding Coaching Yard Howrah–Shalimar line (abandoned) Howrah Maidan Burn Standard Company siding  KM Green Line  Howrah Goods Shed 0 Howrah Hooghly River East–West Metro Tunnel  KM Green Line  km km
Key
Indian Railways broad gauge (1676 mm) Kolkata Metro (KM)standard gauge (1435 mm) in use   out of use, planned, or under construction (u/c)   tunnel

Howrah–Bardhaman Chord
Legend
km Bardhaman–Asansol section Bardhaman–Katwa line 95 Bardhaman 88 Gangpur 83 Saktigarh Howrah–Bardhaman main line NH 19 78 Palla Road 75 Chanchai Bankura–Masagram line 72 Masagram SH 15 Memari–Tarakeswar Road 69 Nabagram 65 Jaugram 62 Jhapandanga 58 Gurap 56 Hajigarh 54 Cheragram Block Hut 52 Sibaichandi to Mogra (planned) to Tarakeswar (planned) 49 Dhaniakhali Halt 47 Belmuri 45 Porabazar 41 Chandanpur 36 Madhusudanpur SH 2 33 Kamarkundu Sheoraphuli–Bishnupur line 32 Balarambati 30 Mirzapur–Bankipur 27 Baruipara 23 Begampur to Furfura Sharif (planned) UltraTech Cement Siding 21 Janai Road Dankuni Coal Complex Siding Jangalpara 16 Gobra 15 0 Dankuni ELAAU CLW Siding FCI Siding NH 19 NH 16 Santragachi–Amta branch line 12 Belanagar 7 Bally Howrah–Bardhaman main line 4 Rajchandrapur 6 Bally Halt C.C. link line 7 Belur Belur Math 5 Liluah Howrah–Kharagpur line 0 Howrah km
This diagram: view talk edit

Memari I CD Block has 26 originating/ terminating bus routes.^[3]

TheHowrah-Bardhaman main line passes through this CD Block and there are stations at Rasulpur, Nimo, Memari, Bagila and Debipur.^[20]

Howrah-Bardhaman chord passes through the CD Block and there is a station at Palla Road.^[21]

Kolkata-DelhiNH 19 (old numbering NH 2) passes through this CD Block.^[22]

SH 13 running from Mollarpui Maghipara (in Birbhum district) to Dankuni (in Hooghly district), incorporating oldGrand Trunk Road in this CD Block, crossesSH 15 running from Dainhat (in Bardhaman district) to Gadiara (in Howrah district).^[23]

In 2013–14, Memari I CD Block had 111 primary schools with 9,503 students, 8 middle schools with 660 students, 15 high schools with 8,891 students and 6 higher secondary schools with 7,916 students. Memari I CD Block had 3 technical/ professional institution with 417 students and 392 institutions for special and non-formal education with 13,895 students^[3]

As per the 2011 census, in Memari I CD block, amongst the 111 inhabited villages, 8 villages did not have schools, 39 villages had two or more primary schools, 44 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 35 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.^[24]

More than 6,000 schools (in erstwhile Bardhaman district) serve cookedmidday meal to more than 900,000 students.^[25]

Sat Deul, a brick-built temple, shows the features of the Nagara style.^[26] It is datable to c. 10th-11th century AD.^[27]

In 2014, Memari I CD Block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres with total 86 beds and 10 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 31 family welfare subcentres. 10,027 patients were treated indoor and 389,660 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.^[3]

Memari Rural Hospital (with 60 beds) is located inMemari municipality. In Memari I CD block there areprimary health centres at Debipur (with 10 beds), Durgapur, PO Chotkharda (with 10 beds) and Palla Road (with 10 beds).^[28]

Memari I CD Block is one of the areas of Bardhaman district which is affected by a low level of arsenic contamination of ground water.^[29]

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• Community development blocks in Purba Bardhaman district

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