Melanie Joy
Melanie Joy on TEDx in 2015
Born	(1966-09-02)September 2, 1966 (age 59)
Education	Harvard University (M.Ed.) Saybrook University (Ph.D.)
Occupations	Social psychologist non-fiction author president of Beyond Carnism
Website	www.melaniejoy.org

Melanie Joy (born September 2, 1966) is an Americansocial psychologist and author, primarily notable for coining and promulgating the termcarnism.^[1] She is the founding president of nonprofit advocacy group Beyond Carnism, previously known as Carnism Awareness & Action Network (CAAN),^[2] as well as a former professor of psychology and sociology at theUniversity of Massachusetts Boston.^[3] She has published the booksStrategic Action for Animals,Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows andBeyond Beliefs.^[4]

Joy received her M.Ed. from theHarvard Graduate School of Education, and her Ph.D. in psychology from theSaybrook Graduate School. At age 23, while a student at Harvard, she contracted a food-borne disease from a tainted hamburger and was hospitalized, which led her to become avegetarian.^[5][6] In a speech related by Indian cabinet ministerManeka Gandhi, Joy recalled how her dietary choice, made for non-moral reasons, transformed her perspective on the treatment of animals:

That experience led me to swear off meat, which led me to become more open to information about animal agriculture—information that had been all around me but that I had been unwilling to see, so long as I was still invested in maintaining my current way of life. And as I learned the truth about meat, egg and dairy production, I became increasingly distraught. ... I wound up confused and despairing. I felt like a rudderless boat, lost on a sea of collective insanity. Nothing had changed, but everything was different.^[6]

Afterwards, Joy made a gradual transition toveganism.^[1] In a 2013 interview, she explained that her doctoral research had initially focused on thepsychosociology of violence and discrimination, but later shifted to questions about the psychology of eating meat. Perceiving a pattern of irrational and inconsistent thinking among the subjects she interviewed, she was led to theorize that attitudes about meat reflected acquired prejudice. This idea became the basis for much of her later work.^[7]

Joy introduced the termcarnism in a 2001 article published inSatya,^[8][9] initially receiving little attention. The concept was revisited by her 2009 bookWhy We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows.^[9] Her ideas influenced subsequent studies of what has come to be known as themeat paradox—the apparent inconsistency in common attitudes toward animals, wherein people may express affection towards some animals while eating others—and thecognitive dissonance it entails. A number of psychologists are supportive of Joy's beliefs concerning the influence of eating meat on attitudes toward animals.^[10][11][12]

Joy founded Carnism Awareness & Action Network (CAAN), later renamed Beyond Carnism, in 2010.^[13] According to a review byAnimal Charity Evaluators, the organization uses public talks, media campaigns, video development, and activist training in an effort to shift the public conversation about meat mainly in the United States and Germany. The review judged CAAN's novel organizational strategies to be promising in terms of their potential to foster a sustained network ofanimal rights advocates, but noted that the relatively new group lacked a track record, and that the effects of its approach would be difficult to assess.^[14]

In 2022, Joy co-hosted a podcast calledJust Beings with actressEvanna Lynch.^[15][16]

In 2024, Joy appeared in the British documentary filmI Could Never Go Vegan.^[17]

In 2013, Joy won theAhimsa Award for her work on global nonviolence. In her acceptance speech, she said, “Transforming carnism is not simply about changing behavior, but about shifting consciousness. It is about shifting from ignorance to awareness, from apathy to empathy, from callousness to compassion, from denial to truth – and from violence, to ahimsa.”^[18][19][20]

• List of animal rights advocates
• Animal–industrial complex
• Speciesism

• Strategic Action for Animals: A Handbook on Strategic Movement Building, Organizing, and Activism for Animal Liberation (2008).ISBN 978-1590561362.
• Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows: An Introduction to Carnism (2009).ISBN 978-1573244619.
• Beyond Beliefs: A Guide to Improving Relationships and Communication for Vegans, Vegetarians, and Meat Eaters (2018).ISBN 978-1590565803.
• Powerarchy: Understanding the Psychology of Oppression for Social Transformation (2019).ISBN 978-1523086665.
• Getting Relationships Right: How to Build Resilience and Thrive in Life, Love, and Work (2020).ISBN 978-1523088508.

Wikiquote has quotations related toMelanie Joy.

• Official website
• Beyond Carnism
• "The Secret Reason We Eat Meat - Dr. Melanie Joy". YouTube. December 16, 2015.

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• Harvard Graduate School of Education alumni
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