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Meland

Coordinates:60°33′51″N05°07′07″E / 60.56417°N 5.11861°E /60.56417; 5.11861
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromMeland Municipality)
Former municipality in Hordaland, Norway
This article is about the former municipality in Nordhordland, Norway. For the village in Meland, Norway, seeMeland (village).
Former municipality in Hordaland, Norway
Meland Municipality
Meland kommune
Mæland herred  (historic name)
View of the mountain Eldsfjellet in northern Meland
View of the mountain Eldsfjellet in northern Meland
Hordaland within Norway
Hordaland within Norway
Meland within Hordaland
Meland within Hordaland
Coordinates:60°33′51″N05°07′07″E / 60.56417°N 5.11861°E /60.56417; 5.11861
CountryNorway
CountyHordaland
DistrictNordhordland
Established15 Oct 1923
 • Preceded byAlversund Municipality
Disestablished1 Jan 2020
 • Succeeded byAlver Municipality
Administrative centreFrekhaug
Government
 • Mayor(2015-2019)Øyvind Helland Oddekalv (Ap)
Area
 (upon dissolution)
 • Land87.53 km2 (33.80 sq mi)
 • Water5.05 km2 (1.95 sq mi)  5.5%
 • Rank#386 in Norway
Population
 (2017)
 • Total
8,021
 • Rank#135 in Norway
 • Density91.6/km2 (237/sq mi)
 • Change(10 years)
Increase +33.3%
DemonymMelandsbu[1]
Official language
 • Norwegian formNynorsk
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1256[3]

Meland is aformer municipality in theNordhordland district in the oldHordaland county,Norway. The municipality existed from 1923 until its dissolution on 1 January 2020 when it was merged into the newAlver Municipality inVestland county. The municipality was located about 30 minutes north of the city ofBergen inWestern Norway. The island municipality was mostly located on the island ofHolsnøy, where theadministrative centre ofFrekhaug is located. Other villages in Meland includeHjartås,Holme,Io,Krossneset,Meland, andRossland.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 93-square-kilometre (36 sq mi) municipality is the 386th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Meland is the 135th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,021. The municipality'spopulation density is 91.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (237/sq mi) and its population has increased by 33.3% over the last decade.[4]

General information

[edit]
Satellite view of the island of Holsnøy
View of a wedding boat at Holsnøy
View of Krossnessund Bridge (back) and Nordhordland Bridge (front)
View of the local church

On 15 October 1923, the western part of the municipality ofAlversund was separated to create the new municipality of Meland. Initially, Meland had a population of 1,716. Meland was one of many municipalities in Norway that were created for geographical reasons: Meland was separated from the rest of Alversund by theRadfjorden, and transportation between the different parts of the municipality was unreliable and time-consuming. The creation of the municipality was approved in 1922, and the first election for the municipal council was held 23 August 1923, with the municipality becoming official on 15 October 1923. Meland encompassed the southern two-thirds of the island ofHolsnøy (the northern third belonged toHerdla municipality), a small area on the northeast coast of the island ofAskøy, as well as some very small surrounding islands.[5][6]

In 1962, theSchei Committee concluded its survey of the organization of Norway's municipalities. The committee recommended enlarging Meland municipality by transferring the northern part of Holsnøy and the minor island of Øpsøy (population: 811) from Herdla municipality to Meland and at the same time the island ofFlatøy (population: 166) was transferred fromHamre municipality to Meland. Simultaneously, Meland would lose the parts of the municipality located on the island ofAskøy and that area would go toAskøy Municipality. Hordaland county approved the move, and the border changes came into effect on 1 January 1964.[6] A proposal to change the name of Meland municipality to "Holsenøy" was rejected.[7] Hamre and Herdla municipalities ceased to exist, and their territory was divided between the municipalities ofLindås,Osterøy, and Meland, and Askøy,Øygarden, and Meland, respectively.[8][9]

On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Meland,Radøy, andLindås were merged into a large, new municipality calledAlver.[10]

Name

[edit]

The municipality (originally theparish) is named after the oldMeland farm (Old Norse:Meðalland) in the south-central part of the island ofHolsnøy. The first element ismeðal which means "middle" or "amongst". The last element island which means "land" or "farm". Therefore the name as a whole roughly means "the farm that is located in the middle (of the island)". Historically, the name was spelledMæland.[11][12][13]

Coat of arms

[edit]

Thecoat of arms was granted on 15 May 1987 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The officialblazon is"Gules, anaugerpalewise issuant fromchiefargent" (Norwegian:På raud grunn ein kvit navar-spiss som vender nedover). This means the arms have a redfield (background) and thecharge is a local type ofauger which is used incarpentry. The auger has atincture ofargent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. This design was chosen because in the 1850s, auger manufacturing started in the municipality, and the local drills were considered to be high quality. The design was meant to symbolize and emphasize the local traditions to be proud of and skills to be keep alive. The arms were designed by Inge Rotevatn. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[14][15][16]

Churches

[edit]

TheChurch of Norway had one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Meland. It is part of theNordhordland prosti (deanery) in theDiocese of Bjørgvin.

Churches in Meland
Parish (sokn)Church nameLocation of the churchYear built
MelandMeland ChurchMeland1866

Geography

[edit]

Meland consisted of a number of islands. The largest wasHolsnøy, which has an area of 89 square kilometres (34 sq mi), out of a total area of 93 square kilometres (36 sq mi) for the entire municipality. Holsnøy was located between the island ofRadøy and theLindås peninsula to its north, theÅsane peninsula in Bergen to its east, the island ofAskøy to its south, and the archipelago ofØygarden to its west. It was surrounded by fjords, namely (clockwise from north)Mangerfjorden,Radfjorden,Salhusfjorden,Herdlefjorden, andHjeltefjorden. The second largest island in the municipality wasFlatøy, located west of Holsnøy. The municipality also encompassed a number of minor islands.[12]

Theadministrative centre of the municipality was the village ofFrekhaug, which was also its largest settlement. Frekhaug was located in the south-eastern part of Holsnøy, and itsurban area had a population of 1649 as of 2012. An additional two urban areas were located in the municipality:Krossneset on Flatøy (population 468) andHolme (population 663).[17]

Transport

[edit]

As an island municipality, the road network of Meland depended upon bridges to connect it to the mainland. TheNordhordland Bridge, which spans theSalhusfjorden between Flatøy and Klauvaneset in Bergen, connected Meland to the mainland. The bridge is the main road northwards from Bergen, and is part ofEuropean route E39. TheKrossnessundet Bridge, which is part ofFv 564, connects Flatøy to Holsnøy, the largest island of the municipality. The Krossnessundet Bridge opened in 1977,[18] while the Nordhordland Bridge dates from 1994.[19] TheHagelsund Bridge connects the island of Flatøy toKnarvik on the Lindås peninsula to the east.

History

[edit]

Meland had several traces of early settlement, including remnants of stone houses,terraced walls, and farms.Holmeknappen (from the 18th century) was restored in 1992, and it includes equipment for barrel production andsaltingherring.Meland has been a church site since the mid-13th century. Thestave church on this site was in use until 1616 when a new wooden church was built on the same site. That church was demolished in 1816 and the new (present)Meland Church was erected in 1816.[20]

Population

[edit]
Historical population
Year19231930194619511960197019801990200020102019
Pop.1,7161,7681,8761,9301,7212,6943,5084,5345,3536,6318,187
±% p.a.—    +0.43%+0.37%+0.57%−1.27%+4.58%+2.68%+2.60%+1.67%+2.16%+2.37%
Note: The municipal borders were changed in 1964, causing a significant change in the population.
Source:Statistics Norway[21][22] and Norwegian Historical Data Centre[23]

Government

[edit]

While it existed, this municipality was responsible forprimary education (through 10th grade), outpatienthealth services,senior citizen services,unemployment,social services,zoning,economic development, and municipalroads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by amunicipal council ofdirectly elected representatives. Themayor wasindirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[24] The municipality was under the jurisdiction of theBergen District Court and theGulating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

[edit]

Themunicipal council(Kommunestyre) of Meland was made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Theparty breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:

Meland kommunestyre 2016–2019[25]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)7
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)4
 Green Party(Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)2
 Conservative Party(Høgre)5
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)3
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
 The People's Will Local List(Bygdelista Folkeviljen)1
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2012–2015[26]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)5
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)4
 Green Party(Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)1
 Conservative Party(Høgre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)4
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
 Joint list of theRed Party(Raudt) and theSocialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2008–2011[25]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)4
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)5
 Conservative Party(Høgre)5
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)6
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
 Joint list of theRed Party,Socialist Left Party,
and Social Democrats in Meland
(Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland)		2
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2004–2007[25]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)6
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)4
 Conservative Party(Høgre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)4
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)2
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
 Joint list of theRed Party,Socialist Left Party,
and Social Democrats in Meland
(Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland)		3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2000–2003[25]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)7
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)2
 Conservative Party(Høgre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Red Electoral Alliance(Raud Valallianse)1
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)3
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1996–1999[27]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)8
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)1
 Conservative Party(Høgre)4
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Socialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1992–1995[28]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)8
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)1
 Conservative Party(Høgre)4
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1988–1991[29]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)8
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)2
 Conservative Party(Høgre)5
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1984–1987[30]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)7
 Progress Party(Framstegspartiet)1
 Conservative Party(Høgre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)6
 Socialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)1
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1980–1983[31]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)5
 Conservative Party(Høgre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Liberal People's Party(Liberale Folkepartiet)2
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)7
 Socialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)1
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1976–1979[32]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)4
 Conservative Party(Høgre)2
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 New People's Party(Nye Folkepartiet)2
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)7
 Liberal Party(Venstre)1
Total number of members:21
Meland kommunestyre 1972–1975[33]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)4
 Conservative Party(Høgre)2
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:21
Meland kommunestyre 1968–1971[34]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)4
 Conservative Party(Høgre)1
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)7
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
Total number of members:21
Meland kommunestyre 1964–1967[35]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)3
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)13
Total number of members:21
Meland heradsstyre 1960–1963[36]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)17
Total number of members:17
Meland heradsstyre 1956–1959[37]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)17
Total number of members:17
Meland heradsstyre 1952–1955[38]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)16
Total number of members:16
Meland heradsstyre 1948–1951[39]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)1
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)15
Total number of members:16
Meland heradsstyre 1945–1947[40]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)2
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)14
Total number of members:16
Mæland heradsstyre 1938–1941*[41]  
Party name(in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeidarpartiet)2
 Local List(s)(Lokale lister)14
Total number of members:16
Note: Due to theGerman occupation of Norway duringWorld War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

[edit]

Themayors (Nynorsk:ordførar) of Meland:[42]

  • 1923–1931: Andreas Hagen (LL)
  • 1932–1938: Lars G. Hopland (LL)
  • 1938–1945: Nils Hvidsten (LL)
  • 1946–1968: Olav Åmdal (LL)
  • 1968–1979: Johannes H. Fosse (KrF)
  • 1980–1991: Harry Wiig Andersen (Sp)
  • 1992–1999: Arne I. Sakstad (Ap)
  • 1999–2007: Solbjørg Å. Sandvik (H)
  • 2007–2015: Nils Marton Aadland (H)
  • 2015–2019: Øyvind Helland Oddekalv (Ap)

Notable people

[edit]
See also:Alver_(municipality) § Notable_people

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toMeland (former municipality).

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^"Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (9 January 2024)."Kommunenummer".Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Foreningen Store norske leksikon.
  4. ^Statistisk sentralbyrå (2017)."Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian). Retrieved26 October 2017.
  5. ^Flatøy, Olav (1973).Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 (in Norwegian). Meland: Meland kommune. pp. 23–26.ISBN 82-990268-0-6.
  6. ^abJukvam, Dag (1999).Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen(PDF) (in Norwegian).Statistisk sentralbyrå.ISBN 9788253746845.
  7. ^Flatøy, Olav (1973).Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 (in Norwegian). Meland: Meland kommune. pp. 60–61.ISBN 82-990268-0-6.
  8. ^Flatøy, Olav (1973).Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 (in Norwegian). Meland: Meland kommune. pp. 15–17.ISBN 82-990268-0-6.
  9. ^Jukvam, Dag (1999)."Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen"(PDF) (in Norwegian).Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  10. ^"Ein kommune" (in Norwegian). Retrieved26 October 2017.
  11. ^Stemshaug, Ola; Sandnes, Jørn; Aune, Kolbjørn (1990).Norsk stadnamnleksikon (in Norwegian) (3 ed.). Oslo:Det Norske Samlaget. p. 218.ISBN 82-521-3477-7.
  12. ^abHartvedt, Gunnar Hagen (1994). "Meland".Bergen Byleksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. p. 35.ISBN 82-573-0485-9.
  13. ^Rygh, Oluf (1910).Norske gaardnavne: Søndre Bergenhus amt (in Norwegian) (11 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. pp. 365 and 67.
  14. ^"Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved25 June 2023.
  15. ^"Meland, Hordaland".Flags of the World. Retrieved25 June 2023.
  16. ^"Godkjenning av våpen og flagg".Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 15 May 1987. Retrieved25 June 2023.
  17. ^Statistisk sentralbyrå (1 January 2012)."Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality".
  18. ^Kortner, Olaf; Munthe, Preben; Tveterås, Egil (1994).Aschehoug og Gyldendals store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Vol. K–Lat. Aschehoug, Gyldendal. p. 529.ISBN 82-573-0583-9.
  19. ^"Structurae [en]: Nordhordland Bridge (1994)".Structurae. Retrieved15 November 2009.
  20. ^Store norske leksikon."Meland" (in Norwegian). Retrieved20 April 2014.
  21. ^Statistisk sentralbyrå."Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  22. ^Statistisk sentralbyrå."Folketelling 1960"(PDF) (in Norwegian).
  23. ^Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges arktiske universitet."Censuses in the Norwegian Historical Data Archive (NHDC)".
  24. ^Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022)."kommunestyre".Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian).Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved1 January 2023.
  25. ^abcd"Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  26. ^"Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Hordaland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved2 February 2020.
  27. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1995"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  28. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1991"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  29. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1987"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  30. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1983"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  31. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1979"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  32. ^"Kommunevalgene 1975"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  33. ^"Kommunevalgene 1972"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  34. ^"Kommunevalgene 1967"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  35. ^"Kommunevalgene 1963"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  36. ^"Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  37. ^"Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  38. ^"Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  39. ^"Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  40. ^"Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  41. ^"Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved14 May 2020.
  42. ^"Tidlegare ordførarar i Meland".NRK Fylkesleksikon (in Norwegian). 15 May 2014. Archived fromthe original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved20 June 2023.
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