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Megalenhydris

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Extinct genus of giant otter

Megalenhydris

Photo ofholotype in situ
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Mustelidae
Subfamily:	Lutrinae
Genus:	†Megalenhydris Willemsen & Maletesta, 1987
Species:	†M. barbaricina
Binomial name
†Megalenhydris barbaricina Willemsen & Maletesta, 1987

Megalenhydris barbaricina is an extinct species of giantotter from the Late Pleistocene ofSardinia. It is known from a single partialskeleton, discovered in theGrotta di Ispinigoli nearDorgali, and was described in 1987.^[1] It was larger than any living otter, exceeding the size of South Americangiant otters (Petrolutra), which can reach two meters in length.^[2]^[3] The species is one of four extinct otter species from Sardinia and Corsica. The others areAlgarolutra majori,Lutra castiglionis^[4] andSardolutra ichnusae.^[5] It is suggested to have ultimately originated from the much smaller European mainland species "Lutra" simplicidens^[5], which may be more closely related toLutrogale than to modernLutra species.^[6] The structure of the teeth points to a diet of bottom dwelling fish and crustaceans.^[5] A special characteristic of the species is the flattening of the first fewcaudal vertebrae (the remainder of the caudal vertebrae are not known). This might point to a slightly flattened tail.

Paleoenvironment

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During the Middle-Late Pleistocene Corsica and Sardinia had their own highlyendemic depauperate terrestrial mammal fauna which besidesMegalenhydris included the Tyrrhenian field rat (Rhagamys orthodon), the Tyrrhenian vole (Microtus henseli), theSardinian pika (Prolagus sardus), a shrew (Asoriculus similis), amole (Talpa tyrrhenica), a dwarf mammoth (Mammuthus lamarmorai), theSardinian dhole (Cynotherium sardous), agalictine mustelid (Enhydrictis galictoides), two other species ofotter (Algarolutra majori andSardolutra ichnusae) and adeer (Praemegaceros cazioti).^[7]

References

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^G. F. Willemsen & A. Malatesta (1987). "Megalenhydris barbaricina sp. nov., a new otter from Sardinia".Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, B.90:83–92.
^Darren Naish."Islands of otters and strange foxes". Archived fromthe original on 23 October 2012.
^Lyras, George A.; Van Der Geer, Alexandra A. E.; Rook, Lorenzo (2010-02-10)."Body size of insular carnivores: evidence from the fossil record: Body size of fossil insular carnivores".Journal of Biogeography.37 (6):1007–1021.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02312.x.S2CID 53700369.
^Pereira, E., and M. Salotti. "Cyrnolutra castiglionis, a new otter (Mustelidae, Lutrinae) from the Middle Pleistocene'Castiglione 3CG'deposit (Oletta, Corsica)." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Séries IIA 331.1 (2000): 45-52.[1]
^^a ^b ^cGerard F. Willemsen (2006)."Megalenhydris and its relationship toLutra reconsidered"(PDF).Hellenic Journal of Geosciences.41:83–87.
^CHERIN, MARCO (2017-08-23)."New Material of Lutra Simplicidens (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Lutrinae), A Key Taxon for Understanding the Evolution of European Otters".Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy).123: N. 3 (2017).doi:10.13130/2039-4942/9024.
^Palombo, Maria Rita; Rozzi, Roberto (2014-04-10)."How correct is any chronological ordering of the Quaternary Sardinian mammalian assemblages?".Quaternary International. SEQS 2012 Sardinia: at the Edge of the Sea.328–329:136–155.Bibcode:2014QuInt.328..136P.doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.09.046.ISSN 1040-6182.

External links

[edit]

Darren Naish (December 20, 2007)."Islands of otters and strange foxes".Tetrapod Zoology.ScienceBlogs.
Lesley Wright (July 22, 2007)."Questions and Answers: In-Depth Responses".IUCN Otter Specialist Group.

Genera ofred pandas,raccoons,skunks,mustelids and their extinct allies

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Carnivora

Musteloidea

†Peignictis
†Plesiogale

Ailuridae

Ailurinae	Ailurus †Magerictis †Parailurus †Pristinailurus
†Amphictinae	Amphictis
†Simocyoninae	Actiocyon Alopecocyon Protursus Simocyon

Mephitidae

Procyonidae

Mustelidae

†Acheronictis †Aragonictis †Arikarictis †Circamustela †Erokomellivora †Franconictis †Kenyalutra †Kinometaxia †Laphyctis †Luogale †Marcetia †Matanomictis †Melidellavus †Mellalictis †Mesomephitis †Miomustela †Namibictis †Oaxacagale †Palaeomeles †Paragale †Parataxidea †Perunium †Plesictis †Plesiogale †Plesiomeles †Prepoecilogale †Presictis †Promellivora †Proputorius †Pyctis †Sabadellictis †Semantor †Sinictis †Sivalictis †Skopelogale †Sonitictis †Taxodon †Trochotherium †Xenictis †Zorilla
Guloninae	†Canimartes Eira †Ferinestrix Gulo †Iberictis †Ischyrictis Martes Pekania †Plesiogulo †Plionictis †Sthenictis
Helictidinae	Melogale
Ictonychinae	†Baranogale †Brevimalictis †Cernictis †Eirictis †Enhydrictis Galictis Ictonyx †Lutravus Lyncodon †Martellictis †Negodiaetictis †Oriensictis †Pannonictis †Poecilictis Poecilogale †Sminthosinis †Stipanicicia †Trigonictis †Trochictis Vormela
Lutrinae	†Algarolutra Aonyx †Cyrnaonyx †Cyrnolutra †Djourabus Enhydra †Enhydriodon †Enhydritherium Hydrictis †Limnonyx Lontra Lutra †Lutraeximia †Lutrictis Lutrogale †Megalenhydris †Megencephalon †Melodon †Mionictis †Nesolutra †Paludolutra †Paralutra †Pelycictis Pteronura †Sardolutra †Satherium †Siamogale †Sivaonyx †Teruelictis †Torolutra †Tyrrhenolutra †Vishnuonyx
†Leptarctinae	Craterogale Leptarctus Trocharion
Melinae	†Arctomeles Arctonyx Meles †Promeles
Mellivorinae	†Ekorus †Eomellivora †Hoplictis Mellivora †Moralesictis
†Mustelavinae	Mustelavus
Mustelinae	†Dinogale †Lartetictis †Legionarictis Mustela Neogale †Tisisthenes
†Oligobuninae	Brachypsalis Corumictis Floridictis Megalictis Oligobunis Parabrachypsalis Paroligobunis Promartes Zodiolestes
Taxidiinae	†Chamitataxus †Pliotaxidea Taxidea

Taxon identifiers
Megalenhydris barbaricina	Wikidata:Q6808419 EoL:18749568 GBIF:8480398 Open Tree of Life:6145478 Paleobiology Database:156990

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