| Fort Meductic | |
|---|---|
| near the confluence of theEel River andSaint John River, inNew Brunswick, | |
 Meductic Church Cornerstone (1717). Oldest Christian religious artifact in New Brunswick. Discovered 1890.[1] | |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | Wolastoqiyik |
 | |
| Site history | |
| Built | before the 17th century, first fort in Acadia |
| Battles/wars | Battle of Fort Loyal |
| Official name | Meductic Indian Village / Fort Meductic National Historic Site |
| Designated | 1924 |
Meductic Indian Village / Fort Meductic (also known as Medoctec, Mehtawtik meaning "the end of the path") was aWolastoqey settlement until the mid-eighteenth century. It was located near the confluence of the Eel River andSaint John River inNew Brunswick, four miles upriver from present-dayLakeland Ridges.[2] The fortified village of Meductic was the principal settlement of theWolastoqey First Nation from before the 17th century until the middle of the 18th, and it was an importantfur trading centre. (The other two significant native villages in the region were the Abenaki village ofNorridgewock (present-dayMadison, Maine) on theKennebec River and Penobscot (present-dayPenobscot Indian Island Reservation) on the Penobscot River. Only duringKing George's War, after the French established Saint Anne (present-day Fredericton, New Brunswick), did the villageAukpaque, present-daySpringhill, New Brunswick, become of equal importance to Meductic).[3]
The village contained Fort Meductic, which the Wolastoqiyik had built before the arrival of the French to defend againstMohawk attacks.[4] The Mohawk were one of theFive Nations of theIroquois Confederacy, based in present-day New York, south of the St. Lawrence River and generally west of the Hudson River. This is reported to have been the first Fort in Acadia.[5]
FatherJoseph Aubery re-established the mission in 1701. During the lead up toFather Rale's War, to secure the French influence on the village, PriestJean-Baptiste Loyard built the chapel Saint Jean Baptiste (1717).[6] (The bell was given by King Louis XV.)[7] Similarly, the French claimed territory on the Kennebec River by building a church in the Abenaki village ofNorridgewock.[8][9]
The Meductic village and fort location is aNational Historic Site. A federal plaque from the Historic Sites and Monuments Board was placed on a cairn on Fort Meductic Road, near the site. [As of April 2020, the plaque was missing from the cairn.] Official recognition refers to the polygon around the archaeological remains.[10]
Related to the site, the Meductic-Eel River Portage was designated a National Historic Event in 1943. It was part of the route between Acadia and New England, and used by France on expeditions against the English.[11]
Secondary Sources:
External Links
National Historic Sites of Canada by location | |
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46°01′35″N67°32′14″W / 46.026332°N 67.537323°W /46.026332; -67.537323
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