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Maykop

Coordinates:44°36′N40°05′E / 44.600°N 40.083°E /44.600; 40.083
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Capital city of Adygea, Russia
For other uses, seeMaykop (disambiguation).
City in Adygea, Russia
Maykop
Майкоп
Other transcription(s)
 • AdygheМыекъуапэ
 • UbykhГъакъыва
From the top to bottom, Skyline of Maykop, Maykop Train Station, Maykop Grand Mosque, Maykop Brewery
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Maykop is located in Republic of Adygea
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Maykop is located in European Russia
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Maykop is located in Caucasus Mountains
Maykop
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Maykop (Caucasus Mountains)
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Maykop is located in Black Sea
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Maykop is located in Russia
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Maykop (Russia)
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Maykop is located in Europe
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Maykop (Europe)
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Coordinates:44°36′N40°05′E / 44.600°N 40.083°E /44.600; 40.083
CountryRussia
Federal subjectAdygea[1]
FoundedMay 1857
City status since1870
Government
 • BodyCouncil of People's Deputies
 • HeadNikolay Pivovarov
Area
 • Total
58.62 km2 (22.63 sq mi)
Elevation
220 m (720 ft)
Population
 • Total
144,249
 • Estimate 
(2018)[3]
141,970 (−1.6%)
 • Rank120th in 2010
 • Density2,461/km2 (6,373/sq mi)
 • Subordinated toMaykop Republican Urban Okrug[1]
 • Capital ofRepublic of Adygea
 • Capital ofMaykop Republican Urban Okrug[1]
 • Urban okrugMaykop Urban Okrug[4]
 • Capital ofMaykop Urban Okrug[4]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[5])
Postal code[6]
385000
Dialing code+7 8772
OKTMO ID79701000001
City DayFirst Saturday of June
Websiteweb.archive.org/web/20020604231940/http://www.admins.maykop.ru/

Maykop[a] is the capital city ofAdygea,Russia, located on the right bank of theBelaya River. It bordersMaykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south;Giaginsky District to the north, andBelorechensky District ofKrasnodar Krai to the west.

Population:143,385 (2021 census);[8]144,249 (2010 census);[2]156,931 (2002 census);[9]148,608 (1989 Soviet census).[10]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
189734,300—    
192652,525+53.1%
193955,871+6.4%
195982,135+47.0%
1970110,212+34.2%
1979127,828+16.0%
1989148,608+16.3%
2002156,931+5.6%
2010144,249−8.1%
2021143,385−0.6%
Source: Census data

History

[edit]

The city gave its name to the earlyBronze AgeMaykop culture after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.[11]

Following the establishment of a military camp in 1825,[12] theImperial Russian Army built a military fort at Maykop in 1857.[13]

In 1910oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.[14] The city was the administrative center of theMaykopsky Otdel of theKuban Oblast.

In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region merged withAdyghe Autonomous Oblast and became theadministrative centre of the autonomy. TheWehrmacht occupied Maykop on 10 August 1942 without a fight as a result of acommando operation by theBrandenburgers during theBattle of the Caucasus. German attempts to re-start oil production in the scorched-earth area proved only minimally successful. On 29 January 1943, theTranscaucasian Front of theRed Army re-took the town.[15]

Since 1991 Maykop has served as the capital of the Republic of Adygea in theRussian Federation.

Economy

[edit]
Brewery (cultural heritage)

The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for theSoviet Union and, subsequently,Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.

Administrative and municipal status

[edit]

Within theframework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated asMaykopRepublican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of thedistricts.[1] It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:[16]

As amunicipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated asMaykop Urban Okrug.[4]

Ethnic groups

[edit]
Grand Mosque of Maykop
Holy Trinity Orthodox cathedral

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2010):[17]

EthnicityPopulationPercentage
Russians96 11971,29%
Adyghe26 58418,19%
Armenians4 0853,03%
Ukrainians2 5371,88%
Cherkess1 8121,34%
Tatars8950,66%
Belarusians5300,39%
Chechens4480,33%
Azerbaijanis3390,25%
Caucasus Greeks3120,23%
Kabardians2460,18%
Georgians2410,18%
Germans2350,17%
Romani2010,15%
Ingush1550,11%
Ossetians1520,11%
Abkhaz1360,10%
Uzbeks1020,08%
Others1 7571,30%

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2020):[18]

EthnicityPopulationPercentage
Russians84 91359,22%
Adyghe20 33914,18%
Cherkess5 7504,01%
Armenians3 2422,26%
Ukrainians9250,65%
Tatars5560,39%
Turkmens4610,32%
Chechens3630,25%
Azerbaijanis3020,21%
Others26 53418,31%

Education

[edit]
Maykop female grammar school

Maykop is home to theAdyghe State University andMaykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop.There are many schools. For example, Adyghe Republican Gymnasium which is located near the mosque, the theatre and the park of friendship. It has 11 grades. There are many rules: students must wear a uniform, girls must have pony tails or braids. The school has five buildings. There is a sports hall where students play basketball and volleyball. There is also a football pitch where boys play football. A canteen is a separate building.

Geography

[edit]

Climate

[edit]
Maykop Railway station

Maykop lies within thehumid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to theKöppen climate classification, or just within thehumid continental climate (Dfa) zone according to the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm.

Climate data for Maykop (1991-2020)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Daily mean °C (°F)0.5
(32.9)		1.5
(34.7)		6.1
(43.0)		11.7
(53.1)		16.7
(62.1)		20.7
(69.3)		23.5
(74.3)		23.2
(73.8)		18.2
(64.8)		12.4
(54.3)		6.1
(43.0)		2
(36)		11.9
(53.4)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)58
(2.3)		47
(1.9)		62
(2.4)		59
(2.3)		87
(3.4)		98
(3.9)		62
(2.4)		64
(2.5)		77
(3.0)		86
(3.4)		71
(2.8)		64
(2.5)		835
(32.8)
Average precipitation days(≥ 1 mm)979910966888998
Mean monthlysunshine hours89114141196244273312292222167119852,254
Source: Гидрометцентр России[19]
Climate data for Maykop
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)3.9
(39.0)		5.8
(42.4)		11.0
(51.8)		18.2
(64.8)		22.6
(72.7)		26.2
(79.2)		28.9
(84.0)		28.5
(83.3)		24.3
(75.7)		17.6
(63.7)		12.3
(54.1)		6.9
(44.4)		17.2
(62.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)−0.5
(31.1)		1.3
(34.3)		5.7
(42.3)		12.6
(54.7)		16.8
(62.2)		20.3
(68.5)		22.8
(73.0)		22.3
(72.1)		18.1
(64.6)		12.0
(53.6)		7.6
(45.7)		2.8
(37.0)		11.8
(53.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−4.9
(23.2)		−3.3
(26.1)		0.4
(32.7)		6.9
(44.4)		11.0
(51.8)		14.4
(57.9)		16.7
(62.1)		16.0
(60.8)		11.9
(53.4)		6.3
(43.3)		2.8
(37.0)		−1.3
(29.7)		6.4
(43.5)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)60
(2.4)		41
(1.6)		51
(2.0)		58
(2.3)		73
(2.9)		89
(3.5)		70
(2.8)		58
(2.3)		62
(2.4)		66
(2.6)		75
(3.0)		69
(2.7)		772
(30.4)
Average snowfall cm (inches)27.0
(10.6)		11.1
(4.4)		10.2
(4.0)		0.9
(0.4)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.6
(0.2)		6.7
(2.6)		15.8
(6.2)		72.3
(28.4)
Average precipitation days878889767791094
Averagerelative humidity (%)80767165696866666773757971
Averageultraviolet index2234556643224
Source 1: worldweather.org[20]
Source 2:Weather2visit(Humidity)[21]World Weather Online(Snowfall-UV 2009-2023)[22]

February 15, 2010 saw Maykop record the absolute maximum for any winter month in Russia: 23.4 °C or 74.1 °F.[citation needed]

Military

[edit]

On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is themilitary complex housing the131st Motor Rifle Brigade of theSouthern Military District of theRussian Armed Forces which took part in theFirst Chechen War.

Notable people

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Russian:Майкоп,IPA:[mɐj'kop];Adyghe:Мыекъуапэ,romanized: Myiequape,IPA:[məjɜqʷaːpɜ]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdLaw #171
  2. ^abRussian Federal State Statistics Service (2011).Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1].Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian).Federal State Statistics Service.
  3. ^"26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved23 January 2019.
  4. ^abcLaw #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.
  5. ^"Об исчислении времени".Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved19 January 2019.
  6. ^Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post).Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search)(in Russian)
  7. ^Администрация муниципального образования «Город Майкоп» (официальный сайт).Archived September 2, 2013, at theWayback Machine Общие сведения о Майкопе.
  8. ^Russian Federal State Statistics Service.Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1](XLS) (in Russian).Federal State Statistics Service.
  9. ^Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004).Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000](XLS).Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers].Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – viaDemoscope Weekly.
  11. ^Ivanova, Mariya (2007)."The Chronology of the "Maikop Culture" in the North Caucasus: Changing Perspectives".Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies.II:7–39.
  12. ^Potto, Vasiliy Aleksandrovich (1887).Кавказская война въ отдѣльныхъ очеркахъ, эпизодахъ, легендахъ и біографіяхъ: Томъ 2-й: Ермоловское время (in Russian) (2 ed.). Saint Petersburg: Е. Евдокимов. pp. 527–528. Retrieved11 September 2019.23 июня [1825 года] отряд расположился лагерем на реке Сагауше (Белой), против горы Таглек, там, где теперь стоит город Майкоп…
  13. ^James B. Minahan (30 May 2002).Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z. ABC-CLIO. p. 38.ISBN 9780313076961.
  14. ^Garvin, James Louis, ed. (1926)."Petroleum".The Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (13 ed.). The Encyclopædia Britannica Company, ltd. Retrieved11 September 2019.The Maikop field in the province of Kuban on the north flank of the Caucasus, northeast of the Black Sea, was discovered in 1910.
  15. ^Освобождение городов
  16. ^Law #223
  17. ^Irina BABICH (2004). "THE REPUBLIC OF ADIGEY: ISLAM AND SOCIETY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY".Central Asia and the Caucasus.6 (30): 55.
  18. ^Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Том 5. Национальный состав и владение языками. Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения
  19. ^"Climatic Norms"Климатические нормы.Meteoinfo (in Russian). Hydrometeorological Center of Russia. Retrieved3 February 2024.
  20. ^"worldweather.org". Archived fromthe original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved6 March 2012.
  21. ^"Maykop monthly weather averages".weather2visit. Retrieved3 February 2024.
  22. ^"Maykop Annual Weather Averages Adygeya, RU".World Weather Online. Retrieved3 February 2024.

Sources

[edit]
  • Государственный Совет — Хасэ Республики Адыгея. Закон №171 от 5 мая 2000 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Адыгея», в ред. Закона №97 от 6 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Республики Адыгея в связи с принятием Закона Республики Адыгея "Об отнесении посёлка городского типа Тульского к категории посёлков — сельских населённых пунктов"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Советская Адыгея", №156-157, 7 августа 2004 г. (State Assembly of the Republic of Adygea. Law #171 of May 5, 2000On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Adygea, as amended by the Law #97 of June 6, 2012On Amending Various Laws of the Republic of Adygea Due to the Adoption of the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On Transformation of the Urban-Type Settlement of Tulsky into a Settlement—a Rural Locality. Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Совет Республики Адыгея. Закон №223 от 24 мая 2004 г. «О муниципальном образовании "город Майкоп", наделении его статусом городского округа и установлении его границ», в ред. Закона №347 от 27 ноября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Адыгея "О муниципальном образовании "город Майкоп", наделении его статусом городского округа и установлении его границ"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Советская Адыгея", №102–103, 27 мая 2004 г. (Council of the Republic of Adygea. Law #223 of May 24, 2004On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders, as amended by the Law #347 of November 27, 2014On Amending the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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