Maximian was a 4th-centuryBishop of Carthage and founder of a splinter group that leftDonatism.
Maximian was a relative ofDonatus ofCasae Nigrae and was one of several people excommunicated in 391 byPrimian,Bishop of Carthage. Primian was a greatorator and thinker, but tactless and within a year had alienated large parts of the church. In 393 AD a council of more than 100Donatistbishops elected Maximian to replace Primian as Bishop of Carthages.[1] Primian held a rival council inBagai in April 394AD andexcommunicated Maximian.[2] Primian, a former lawyer, also used the civil courts to reclaim church buildings.
The schism that enveloped around Maximian was the largestsplintering within the Donatist movement. He took a less confrontational approach, and sought to reform the movement.[3] However, it attracted limited adherents.[1]
The Donatists sought to depose Salvius, the Maximianist Bishop ofMembresa, in favour of the Primianist Restitutus. Much respected by the residents of Membresa, his people built him a new church, and three bishops coexisted in this small town, a Maximianist, a Primianist, and a catholic.[2]
Maximian was often referenced byAugustine in his critique of the Donatists.[4]
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