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Maude
Genre	Sitcom
Created by	Norman Lear
Directed by	Hal Cooper Various (season 1)
Starring	Bea Arthur Bill Macy Adrienne Barbeau Conrad Bain Rue McClanahan Esther Rolle Hermione Baddeley J. Pat O'Malley Marlene Warfield
Theme music composer	Alan and Marilyn Bergman Dave Grusin
Opening theme	"And Then There's Maude" Performed byDonny Hathaway
Country of origin	United States
Original language	English
No. of seasons	6
No. of episodes	141(list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer	Norman Lear
Producers	Rod Parker Bob Weiskopf Bob Schiller Charlie Hauck Gene Marcione
Production locations	CBS Television City Hollywood, California (1972–75) Metromedia Square Hollywood, California (1975–78)
Running time	30 minutes
Production company	Tandem Productions
Original release
Network	CBS
Release	September 12, 1972 (1972-09-12) – April 22, 1978 (1978-04-22)
Related
All in the Family Good Times Hanging In The Jeffersons Checking In Archie Bunker's Place Gloria 704 Hauser

Maude is an American televisionsitcom that was originally broadcast on theCBS network from September 12, 1972, until April 22, 1978. The show was the firstspin-off ofAll in the Family, on whichBea Arthur had made two appearances asMaude Findlay,Edith Bunker's favorite cousin. LikeAll in the Family,Maude was a sitcom with topical storylines created by producersNorman Lear andBud Yorkin.

Maude stars Bea Arthur as Maude, an outspoken,middle-aged, politicallyliberal woman living in suburbanTuckahoe, New York with her fourth husband, household appliance store owner Walter Findlay (Bill Macy). Maude embraces the tenets ofwomen's liberation, always votes forDemocratic Party candidates, and advocates forcivil rights andracial andgender equality. Her overbearing and sometimes domineering personality often gets her into trouble when speaking about these issues.

Unusually for an American sitcom, several episodes (such as "Maude's Night Out" and "The Convention") featured only the characters of Maude and her husband Walter, in what amounted to half-hour "two-hander" teleplays. In the season four episode "The Analyst" (sometimes referred to as "Maude Bares Her Soul"), Arthur as Maude, speaking to an unseen psychiatrist, was the sole actor on screen for the entire episode.^[1]

The show's theme song, "And Then There's Maude", was written byAlan and Marilyn Bergman andDave Grusin, and performed byDonny Hathaway.

Maude first appears in two season-two episodes ofAll in the Family: the first in December 1971 as a visitor to the Bunker home, and the second, abackdoor pilot setting up the premise of theMaude series, in March 1972. She is Edith Bunker's (Jean Stapleton) favorite cousin who has been married four times and engaged to one other man. Her first husband, Barney, died shortly after their marriage. She divorced the next two, Albert and Chester. Albert was never portrayed on screen, but the episode "Poor Albert" revolved around his death, while her second former husband Chester appeared once on the show, played byMartin Balsam.

Her fourth and current husband, Walter Findlay (played byBill Macy), owns an appliance store called Findlay's Friendly Appliances. Maude and Walter met just before the1968 presidential election. Maude sometimes gets in the last word during their many arguments with her hallmarkcatchphrase, "God'll get you for that, Walter", which came directly from Bea Arthur.^[2] Maude's deep, raspy voice is also an occasional comic foil whenever she answers the phone and explaining in one episode, "No, this is not Mr. Findlay; this is Mrs. Findlay! Mr. Findlay has a much higher voice."

Maude's daughter, Carol Traynor, played byAdrienne Barbeau – in theAll in the Family pilot episode the character was played byMarcia Rodd – is also divorced and has one child, like Maude. Carol and her son, Phillip (played by Brian Morrison in seasons 1-5 and byKraig Metzinger in the sixth), live with the Findlays. Though single, Carol maintains her reputation of dating many men.

She dates various men throughout the early seasons, later forming a serious relationship with a man named Chris (played byFred Grandy). Grandy left at the end of the second season. Like her mother, Carol is an outspoken liberal feminist who is not afraid to speak her mind, though they often clash. There are conflicting accounts as to whether Carol's father was Maude's first or second husband. In the series' first episode, "Maude's Problem", Maude reveals to Carol's psychiatrist that Carol's father was her second husband.

The Findlays' next-door neighbors are Dr. Arthur Harmon (Conrad Bain), a stuffy, sardonicRepublican, and his sweet but scatterbrained second wife Vivian (Rue McClanahan). McClanahan confirmed in an interview with theArchive of American Television that she was approached byNorman Lear during the taping of theAll in the Family episode "The Bunkers and the Swingers" (1972) to take on the role as a late replacement forDoris Roberts, the original choice for the part.^[3]

Arthur has been Walter's best friend since the two served together inWorld War II. He was the one who brought Walter and Maude together in 1968 and "affectionately" calls Maude "Maudie." Vivian and Maude have been best friends since college. At the beginning of the series, Arthur is awidower. Vivian is introduced in a guest appearance that focused on her split with her first husband. She later got involved with Arthur as adivorcée.

For the entire run of the show, Maude also has a housekeeper. At the beginning of the series, Maude hiresFlorida Evans (Esther Rolle), a no-nonsense Black woman who often has the last laugh at Maude's expense. Maude often makes a point of conspicuously and awkwardly demonstrating how open-minded and liberal she is. Florida almost quits because of this. Despite Florida's status as a maid, Maude emphasizes to Florida that they are "equals," and insists she enter and exit the house via the front door, even though the back door is more convenient for Florida.

Rolle's character was so popular that, in 1974, she became the star of her own series,Good Times. In the second-season episode titled "Florida's Goodbye", Florida's husband Henry (John Amos) gets a promotion at his job, and Florida quits to become a full-time housewife. WhereasMaude took place in New York,Good Times took place inChicago, with numerous other differences in Florida's situation, such as her husband being called James Evans^[4] – "Henry" being the name of James's long-lost father.

After Florida's departure in 1974, Maude hires a new housekeeper, Mrs. Nell Naugatuck (Hermione Baddeley), an elderly, somewhat vulgar, British widow who drinks excessively and lies compulsively. Unlike Florida, who commuted to work, Mrs. Naugatuck lives with the Findlays. She meets and begins dating Bert Beasley (J. Pat O'Malley), an elderly cemetery security guard, in 1975. In 1977, they marry and move to Ireland to care for Bert's mother. Mrs. Naugatuck's frequent sparring with Maude is, arguably, just as comically popular as Florida's sparring. The difference is that Mrs. Naugatuck often seems to dislike Maude, whereas Florida, on occasion, finds Maude frustrating.

Lear said the last name "Naugatuck" was taken directly from the town ofNaugatuck, Connecticut, which he found amusing. Due to the popularity ofMaude, Baddeley visited the town in the late 1970s and was given a warm, official welcome ceremony at thetown green.

Maude then hires Victoria Butterfield (Marlene Warfield),^[5] a native of Saint Norman (perhaps a nod toNorman Island in theBritish Virgin Islands) in theWest Indies, whom Maude initially accuses of stealing her wallet on the subway. Victoria remains until the end of the series in 1978. The character of Victoria was never as popular as her two predecessors, and she was seen only sporadically and was not credited as a series regular.

The character of Maude Findlay was loosely based on creator Norman Lear's then-wifeFrances.^[6][7] She first appeared on two episodes ofAll in the Family as Edith Bunker's cousin. An "Aunt Maud," with a similar role, had also appeared on an episode ofTill Death Us Do Part, the British series on whichAll in the Family had been based. Maude represented everythingArchie Bunker did not: she was a liberal,feminist, upper-middle-class Democrat, whereas Archie was a conservative, prejudiced,working-class Republican.

Maude's political beliefs were closer to those of the series creators than Archie Bunker's, but the series often lampooned Maude as a naive "limousine liberal". They did not show her beliefs and attitudes in an entirely complimentary light. Just before the show's premiere in September 1972,TV Guide described the character of Maude as "a caricature of the knee-jerk liberal."

While the show was conceived as a comedy, the scripts also incorporated much darker humor, drama and controversy.^[8] Maude tookMiltown, a mild tranquilizer, and alsoValium; she and her husband Walter began drinking in the evening. Maude had an abortion in November1972, two months before theRoe v. Wade decision made abortion legal throughout the U.S., and the episodes that dealt with the situation are probably the series' most famous and most controversial. Maude, at age 47, was dismayed to find herself unexpectedly pregnant. Her daughter Carol brought to her attention that abortion had become legal in the state of New York.^[9]

After some soul-searching, and discussions with Walter, who agreed that raising a baby at their stage of life was not what they wanted to do, Maude decided at the end of the two-part episode that abortion was probably the best choice for their lives and their marriage. Noticing the controversy around the storyline, CBS decided to rerun the episodes in August1973, and members of the country's clergy reacted strongly to the decision. Thirty-nine stations pre-empted the episode.^[9] The two-part episode was written bySusan Harris, who would work with Bea Arthur again later onThe Golden Girls.^[10]

The producers and the writers of the show tackled other controversies.^[11] In a story arc that opened the1973–74 season, Walter came to grips with hisalcoholism and subsequently had anervous breakdown. The beginning of the story arc had Maude, Walter, and Arthur enjoying a night of revelry. However, Maude panicked when she awoke the following morning to find Arthur in her bed. This alarmed her to the point that both of them swore off alcohol entirely. Walter could not do it ("Dean Martin gets a million dollars for his buzz") and became so frustrated during his attempts to stop that he struck Maude. Afterward, he suffered a breakdown as a result of his alcoholism and guilt over thedomestic violence incident. The arc, which played out in two parts, was typically controversial for the show but gained praise for highlighting howsocial drinking can lead to alcoholism.^[12][13]

The first-season episode "The Grass Story" tackled the then-recentRockefeller Drug Laws, as Maude and her well-meaning housewife friends try to get arrested in protest over a grocery boy's tough conviction formarijuana possession. The severity of the marijuana laws contrasted with the characters' lax attitudes toward drinking and prescription pill abuse.

In season four, Maude had a session with an analyst, in which she revealed insecurities about her life and marriage and talked through memories from her childhood. The episode was a solo performance by Beatrice Arthur.

During the fifth season, Walter suffered anothernervous breakdown, this time even attemptingsuicide, when he saw his business go bankrupt.

TheNielsen ratings forMaude were high, in particular, during the first seasons of the program, during the heyday of topical sitcoms, which its presence helped to create, when it was regularly one of the top-ten highest-rated American television programs in any given week.

InGreat Britain,Maude was not shown nationally. It was shown beginning in 1975 in theITV regions ofScottish,^[14]Westward,^[15]Border,^[16]Tyne Tees,^[16]Anglia,^[17]Yorkshire,^[18]Granada^[19] andChannel.^[20] Satellite stationSky One ran the series in the early/mid-1990s.

In the fifth season,Maude dropped from No. 4 to No. 31 in theNielsen ratings as its lead-insRhoda andPhyllis began to struggle. Public taste had abruptly shifted from "relevant" Norman Lear productions and the MTM company's sophisticated comedies toward escapist fare like ABC'sLaverne & Shirley andThree's Company. In the sixth season, ratings dived further, and Lear revamped the format. In the last three episodes of that season, the fictional governor of New York appointed Maude as a congresswoman from Tuckahoe, as aDemocrat during the1978 U.S. midterm elections. She helped campaign for a congresswoman who unexpectedly died in her home. Maude and husband Walter moved toWashington, D.C., and the rest of the regular cast would be written out of the show in a prospective season seven.^[21]

In spring 1978, Bea Arthur said she would leave the series. At least one TV columnist reported that CBS had already decided to cancel the show because of low ratings, and Arthur's announcement was an attempt to save face.^[22] Lear still liked the concept of a member of a minority group in Congress, and it evolved into the pilotMr. Dugan, withCleavon Little replacing Arthur as the lead character. The show was scheduled for a March 1979 premiere, but negative feedback from black members of Congress, granted an advance screening, resulted in CBS deciding not to air the three episodes taped. Lear reworked the project intoHanging In, withBill Macy playing a former professional football player turned university president. Hanging In premiered in the summer of 1979 but was canceled after four episodes.

Sony Pictures Home Entertainment released the first season ofMaude onDVD inRegion 1 in March 2007.

In August 2013, Mill Creek Entertainment announced it had acquired the rights to various television series from the Sony Pictures library includingMaude.^[25] Mill Creek re-released the first season on DVD in February 2015.^[26]

In December 2014,Shout! Factory announced it had acquired the rights to the series. It released the complete series on DVD in March 2015. Among the bonus features, the set includes the two Second season episodes ofAll in the Family, which introduced Maude ("Cousin Maude's Visit" and "Maude"); two previously unaired episodes ofMaude ("The Double Standard" and "Maude's New Friends"); the Syndicated Sales Presentation, hosted by Norman Lear; as well as three featurettes called "And Then There's Maude: Television's First Feminist"; "Everything but Hemorrhoids: Maude Speaks to America"; and "Memories of Maude" with interviews by Adrienne Barbeau and Bill Macy, along with newly discovered interviews with Bea Arthur, Rue McClanahan andMaude director, Hal Cooper.^[27]

In 2015, Shout! began releasing individual season sets. The second season was released in August 2015, the third season in November 2015,^[28] the fourth season in March 2016,^[29] the fifth season in June 2016,^[30] and the sixth and final season in August 2016.^[31]

Maude aired onTV Land in 1999 for a brief time, including an introductory "Maude-a-thon" marathon.Maude was later seen onNick at Nite in the United States in 2001. Reruns ofMaude are occasionally shown on Canwest's digital specialty channel,DejaView in Canada. In 2010,Maude began reruns in Chicago, onWWME-CA'sMe-TV. In 2011,Maude began airing onAntenna TV, a digital broadcast network, which has since run the entire six season cycle of the show.^[40]

In 2015, reruns ofMaude began airing onLogo TV during late night/early morning. It airs weeknights onFETV, Family Entertainment Television. As of April 2021, Maude is on CHCH TV in the Toronto (Hamilton) Ontario area as part of their afternoon retro sitcom lineup. It is available in a heavily edited format on theCTV app for free with ads as part of its “Throwback” library.

As of July 2021, Maude is available for streaming onAmazon Freevee.

Maude was adapted byITV in the United Kingdom in 1980 asNobody's Perfect.^[41] StarringElaine Stritch andRichard Griffiths, the show ran for two series with a total of 14 episodes. Of the 14 episodes, Stritch herself adapted 13 originalMaude scripts and Griffiths adapted one.^[42] The original series was screened by certain ITV companies.^[43]

Maude was adapted in Italy airing on Canale 5 in 1982.

Maude was adapted in France asMaguy.Maguy aired on Sundays at 19.30 from September 1985 to December 1994 onFrance 2 for 333 episodes.^[44]

Wikimedia Commons has media related toMaude (TV series).

• Maude atIMDb
• Information aboutMaude from the Museum of Broadcast Communications
• Information of Season 1's release on DVD
• Maude atThe Interviews: An Oral History of Television

• Maude (TV series)
• 1972 American television series debuts
• 1978 American television series endings
• 1972 controversies in the United States
• 1970s American sitcoms
• 1970s American multi-camera sitcoms
• All in the Family
• American television spinoffs
• CBS sitcoms
• American English-language television shows
• Television controversies in the United States
• Television series by Sony Pictures Television
• Television shows filmed in Los Angeles
• Television shows set in New York (state)
• Television series created by Norman Lear

• CS1 French-language sources (fr)
• Articles with short description
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