Matter

Matter smart home connectivity standard
Status	Published[1]
Year started	18 December 2019; 5 years ago (2019-12-18)
First published	4 October 2022; 2 years ago (2022-10-04)
Latest version	1.4 7 Nov 2024
Committee	Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA)
Authors	The connectivity standards alliance and open source contributors
Base standards	Internet Protocol (IP)
Related standards	Zigbee,Z-Wave,Thread,Wi-Fi,Aliro
Domain	Smart home Connectivity standard
License	Proprietary, by certification. Code and documentation published under theApache License.
Website	csa-iot.org/all-solutions/matter

Matter is atechnical standard forsmart home andIoT (Internet of Things) devices.^[2][3][4] It aims to improveinteroperability and compatibility between different manufacturers and security, and always allowing local control as an option.^[5][6][7]

Matter originated in December 2019 as the Project Connected Home over IP (CHIP) working group, founded byAmazon,Apple,Google and the Zigbee Alliance, now called theConnectivity Standards Alliance (CSA).^[3][5] Subsequent members includeIKEA,Huawei, andSchneider.^[8][9] Version 1.0 of the specification was published on 4 October 2022.^[1][10][11] The Mattersoftware development kit isopen-source under theApache License.^[12]

Asoftware development kit (SDK) is providedroyalty-free,^[13][14] though the ability to commission a finished product into a Matter network in the field mandates certification and membership fees,^[15][16] entailing both one-time, recurring, and per-product costs.^[17] This is enforced using apublic key infrastructure (PKI) and so-called device attestation certificates.^[15]

Matter-compatible software updates for many existing hubs became available in late 2022,^[18][19][20] with Matter-enabled devices andsoftware updates starting to release in 2023.^[21]

In December 2019, Amazon, Apple, Google, SamsungSmartThings and theZigbee Alliance announced the collaboration and formation of the working group of Project Connected Home over IP. The goal of the project is to simplify development for smart home product brands and manufacturers while increasing the compatibility of the products for consumers.^[22][23]

The standard operates onInternet Protocol (IP) and functions via one or more controllers that connect and manage devices within your local network, eliminating the need for multiple proprietary hubs. Matter-certified products are engineered to operate locally and do not depend on an internet connection for their core functions.^[24] LeveragingIPv6 addressing,^[25] the standard facilitates seamless communication with cloud services. Its goal is to facilitate interoperability among smart home devices, mobile apps, and cloud services, employing a specific suite of IP-based networking technologies such asmDNS andIPv6.^[26] By adhering to a network design that operates at theApplication Layer of theOSI 7 layer model, Matter differs from protocols like Zigbee orZ-Wave and theoretically can function on any IPv6-enabled network. Presently, official support is limited toWi-Fi,Ethernet, and the wireless mesh networkThread.^[27]

Updates to the standard are planned to occur biannually.^[28]

• Version 1.0 of the specification was published on 4 October 2022.^[29] It introduced support for lighting products (such asmains power plugs,electric lights andswitches),door locks,thermostats andheating, ventilation, and air conditioning controllers, blinds and shades, home security sensors (such as door, window andmotion sensors), and televisions and streaming video players.^[30]
• Version 1.1 of the specification was published on 18 May 2023. Although a new version, it did not include any new categories, only bug fixes and enhancements to existing SDK, API and devices.^[31]
• Version 1.2 of the specification was published on 23 October 2023. This version added nine new device types (refrigerators, portable air conditioners, dishwashers, laundry washers,robotic vacuum cleaners, smoke and carbon monoxide alarms, air quality sensors, air purifiers, and fans). It also provides revisions and additions to existing categories, improvements to the specification and SDK, and certification and testing tools.^[32]
• Version 1.3 of the specification was published on 8 May 2024. This version added support for water and energy management devices as well as appliance support for ovens, microwave ovens, cooktops, extractor hoods, laundry dryers, and Matter-casting media players. Scenes and command-batching were also added.^[33]
• Version 1.4 of the specification was released on 7 November 2024, introducing an expanded focus on electricity-related areas, including batteries, solar systems, home routers, water heaters, and heat pumps. It also featured enhancements to existing areas, such as increased support for electric vehicle chargers, along with significant improvements to Threads devices.^[34]

For future versions, the working group has been working on support for ambient motion and presence sensing, environmental sensing and controls, closure sensors,energy management, Wi-Fi access points, cameras, andmajor appliances.^[28]

CSA maintains the official list of Matter-certified products,^[35] and restricts use of the Matter logo to certified devices. Matter product certification is also stored on the CSA's Distributed Compliance Ledger (DCL),^[36] which publishes attestation information about certified devices.

The primary goal of Matter is to improve interoperability for the current smart home ecosystem. CSA and its members aim for the Matter logo to become ubiquitous and for consumers to instantly recognise it as a smart home device that will "just work".^[47]

There are numerous other benefits that Matter brings when compared to the current smart home ecosystem:^{[citation needed]}

• Local control
• Multi-admin control
• More competition among smart home manufacturers
• Lower technical overhead for IoT device developers

• KNX – an open standard (see EN 50090, ISO/IEC 14543) for commercial and residential building automation
• Thread – low-power mesh protocol designed for battery-powered devices, which Matter uses as one of its supported transport layers
• Zigbee andZ-Wave – wireless mesh protocols for home automation, can be used with Matter and a compatible bridge
• Amazon Alexa – Amazon's smart assistant and home control system
• HomeKit – Apple's smart home system
• Google Nest – Google's smart home system, formerly calledGoogle Home
• X10 – a home automation protocol developed in the 1970s

• Belli, Dimitri; Barsocchi, Paolo; Palumbo, Filippo (2024)."Connectivity Standards Alliance Matter: State of the Art and Opportunities".Elsevier Internet of Things.25.doi:10.1016/j.iot.2023.101005.
• Wroclawski, Daniel (18 March 2022)."Matter, Explained: What the New Standard Could Mean for Your Smart Home".Consumer Reports. Retrieved30 April 2022.

• Official website

• Amazon (company)
• Apple Inc. peripherals
• Google
• Comcast
• Computer-related introductions in 2019
• Home automation

• CS1 Brazilian Portuguese-language sources (pt-br)
• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• EngvarB from March 2022
• Use dmy dates from January 2023
• All articles with unsourced statements
• Articles with unsourced statements from June 2024