 Route 28 | ||||
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 Route 28 highlighted in red, Route 28A highlighted in blue | ||||
| Route information | ||||
| Maintained byMassDOT | ||||
| Length | 151.93 mi[1] (244.51 km) | |||
| Existed | 1922–present | |||
| Major junctions | ||||
| South end |   US 6 /Route 6A inEastham | |||
| Major intersections |  US 6 /Route 25 inBourne I-195 inWareham I-495 inMiddleborough US 44 in Middleborough  I-93 /US 1 inRandolph   I-93 /US 1 /Route 2 /Route 3 /Route 9 inBoston  I-95 /Route 128 inReadingI-495 inAndover Route 213 inMethuen | |||
| North end |  NH 28 at theNew Hampshire state line | |||
| Location | ||||
| Country | United States | |||
| State | Massachusetts | |||
| Counties | Barnstable,Plymouth,Norfolk,Suffolk,Middlesex,Essex | |||
| Highway system | ||||
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Route 28 is a 151.93-mile-long (244.51 km) nominally south–northstate highway in the U.S. state ofMassachusetts, running from the town ofEastham viaBoston to theNew Hampshire state line inMethuen. Following the route from its nominally southern end, Route 28 initially heads south to the town ofChatham then turns west to follow along the south shore of Cape Cod. InFalmouth, Route 28 turns north and continues through the western part ofPlymouth County and the eastern part ofNorfolk County; it then passes through downtown Boston before heading north viaLawrence to the New Hampshire state line, where it continues asNew Hampshire Route 28.
Route 28 was originally formed as aNew England interstate route established in 1922 to run fromBuzzards Bay to New Hampshire. The route itself was overlaid on several early turnpike roads constructed in the early 19th century. Except for an extension into Cape Cod in 1926, the overall highway layout and routing is largely unchanged from its original design. Route 28 has been realigned in several places when newer, higher quality roads were built. At a length of nearly 152 miles (245 km), Route 28 is the longest state numbered highway in Massachusetts, and the second longest highway, behindU.S. Route 20.
Route 28 is supplanted byinterstate highways throughout most of the state, and is used mainly as a secondary and local highway. Throughout Cape Cod, particularly inHyannis andYarmouth, it passes through heavy development and is the primary navigation route along the south side of the Cape. This causes congestion and gridlock, especially during the summer months, when traffic is at its heaviest.
Route 28 is mostly a two or four-lane undivided highway, with several divided, four-lane sections in populated areas as well as two short freeway sections. The south end of Route 28 is at the Orleans Rotary just north of theOrleans-Eastham town line, where it intersects withU.S. Route 6 andRoute 6A. Northbound Route 28 initially heads south towards the town ofChatham before turning west to run along the south shore ofCape Cod untilFalmouth. From there, Route 28 turns north, running for several miles along a four-lanefreeway, later downgrading to a four-lanearterial road. Route 28 then becomes a four-lane undivided freeway and crosses theCape Cod Canal via theBourne Bridge, from which it then overlaps with U.S. Route 6 as a two-lane highway untilWareham. North of Wareham, Route 28 heads north towardsBoston passing through the southern suburbs of the city, includingMiddleborough,Bridgewater,Brockton, andRandolph. After crossingInterstate 93, Route 28 then goes through theBlue Hills Reservation andMilton before crossing into Boston over theNeponset River. 28 starts on Blue Hill Avenue and transfers to Seaver Street which turns into Columbus Avenue. It then transfers to Tremont St, Melnea Cass Blvd, and back into Columbus Avenue. In Boston proper, northbound Route 28 uses Columbus Avenue, Stuart Street,Charles Street South, andBeacon Street, then shifts via the David G. Mugar Way toEmbankment Road. As Stuart Street and Charles Street South are bothone way, the southbound routing runs west on Beacon Street from Mugar Way to Clarendon Street, where it turns south, meets routes 2 and 9, until it reaches Columbus Avenue. At the junction with theLongfellow Bridge, Route 28 is joined briefly byRoute 3 on awrong-way concurrency until theCharles River Dam Bridge. Route 28 crosses theCharles River on the Charles River Dam Bridge intoCambridge. After crossing the river, Route 28 runs along the six-lane divided highway known as Monsignor O'Brien Highway (in Cambridge) and McGrath Highway (inSomerville) to connect to theFellsway. Roughly half of the McGrath Highway is an elevated freeway through East Somerville, while being supplemented by at-grade frontage roads. The four-lane Fellsway crosses theMystic River intoMedford. Route 28 continues north through theMiddlesex Fells Reservation and the northern suburbs of Boston, includingReading,Andover,Lawrence (crossing theMerrimack River via the O'Leary Bridge), andMethuen, from which it then crosses into the state ofNew Hampshire.
Many of the roads leading from Boston to the surrounding towns were first laid out as privately owned and operatedturnpikes at the beginning of the 19th century. One of the roads used by modern Route 28 leading from the northern suburbs of Boston in the direction ofManchester, New Hampshire was theAndover and Medford Turnpike. The turnpike corporation was chartered in June 1805 and had authority to build from the marketplace in Medford to a point in the town of Andover. A committee of Middlesex County freeholders established the location of the road in 1806, and the road was constructed soon after at a cost of almost $49,000 for a length of about six miles, being built only as far north as the Reading-Stoneham town line, where a branch of theEssex Turnpike continued the road to Andover and the state of New Hampshire. An act by the General Court in February 1807 allowed the Andover and Medford company to maintain a toll gate at the Essex-Middlesex county line jointly with the Essex Turnpike corporation. The road continued collecting tolls until January 1836 when Middlesex county commissioners declared the road a public road and awarded the company $3,000 as compensation.
In March 1804, another turnpike corporation, theBlue Hill Turnpike Corporation, was chartered with authority to lay out an improved road from the meeting house in the town of Randolph, through the Blue Hills Reservation, to a point in the town of Milton. A second act in June 1805 allowed for a slight alteration in the terminus in Milton. The road cost approximately $78,300 to build the eight miles from Randolph Center to Milton Lower Mills in 1805. The turnpike used what is now North Main Street in Randolph and Randolph Avenue in Milton. The road from Milton Lower Mills into Boston was continued by theDorchester Turnpike. In 1815, the Blue Hills Turnpike company was allowed to impose a fine on any persons who tried to avoid paying the tolls. The turnpike was discontinued in 1848, when the Norfolk county commissioners declared the road as a public highway. The company reported an average net income of 1-2 per cent per year during its existence.
Two other sections of modern Route 28 were also parts of early turnpikes. The section between Middleborough and Bridgewater, where Route 28 overlaps with Route 18, was part of theNew Bedford and Bridgewater Turnpike. The portion along Blue Hill Avenue, between the village of Mattapan and Franklin Park Zoo, was the northern half of theBrush Hill Turnpike (the lower half is modern Route 138). In Cape Cod, most travel was by water and roads were not improved until late in the 19th century.
In 1922, theNew England states adopted a region-wideroad marking system. Primary routes were to be assigned route numbers between 1 and 99 and marked as black numerals on yellow bands painted on poles along the route. The route running fromWareham, Massachusetts andOssipee, New Hampshire viaBoston andManchester, New Hampshire was designated asNew England Route 28. Route 28 utilized the main road between Wareham and Middleborough (Wareham Street), from which it then traveled along Everett Street and Summer Street until the center of Bridgewater. From Bridgewater, Route 28 used the main road to Brockton (Main Street). In Brockton, Route 28 shifted slightly west to use Warren Avenue (between Clifton and Pleasant streets) and North Main Street (to the town of Avon). From Randolph, it then went along the alignment of the old Blue Hill Turnpike but left the turnpike alignment before reaching Milton Village, shifting westward to a section of the Brush Hill Turnpike (Blue Hill Avenue) in Mattapan. In Mattapan, it joined withNew England Route 6 (modernRoute 203) and went west along Morton Street and theArborway until they met withNew England Route 1 at Centre Street in Jamaica Plain.
The triple-concurrency of Routes 1, 6, and 28 continued through theEmerald Necklace following theJamaicaway, theRiverway, and a short section ofBoylston Street to Charlesgate, and then crossed the Charles River using theHarvard Bridge. After crossing the river, Route 6 split off to the west alongMemorial Drive, while Routes 1 and 28 followed local streets in Cambridge and Somerville (Windsor Avenue, Webster Avenue, Walnut Street) to reach theFellsway. The two routes crossed the Mystic River on the Fellsway and split at the intersection with the Revere Beach Parkway. From there, Route 28 continued along the Fellsway towards Medford Center. North of Medford, Route 28 utilized the alignment of the old Andover and Medford Turnpike through the Middlesex Fells Reservation into Reading. It then continued on the Andover branch of the old Essex Turnpike through Andover and Lawrence to the New Hampshire state line.
The route on Cape Cod was also assigned in 1922 as a primary New England route. The road from Bourne to Orleans along the south shore of the Cape was the easternmost section ofNew England Route 3.Th
At the end of 1926, theU.S. Highway system was established and several of the primary New England routes were redesignated as U.S. routes. New England Route 28 was not renumbered but New England Route 1 became U.S. Route 1; New England Route 6 becameU.S. Route 3 north of Boston and mostlyState Route 3 south of Boston; and New England Route 3 became mostly U.S. Route 6. In Cape Cod, however, this was not the case. Former New England Route 3 was assigned as a southern extension of Route 28, while former New England Route 6 was assigned as an eastern extension of U.S. Route 6.
Driving the entire length fromNew Hampshire toOrleans, the highway layout and design has not changed much since its construction and designation in the early 20th century. The major exceptions are inBoston, where some of the original routing was changed over the years, and on the Cape, where afreeway section betweenFalmouth andBourne was completed in the mid-1960s.
In 1928, several projects to relieve congestion in the Boston area were completed. One of these was the opening of theBoston University Bridge (at the time known as Cottage Farm Bridge). The opening of this new bridge over the Charles River resulted in the relocation of the triple concurrency of US 1, US 3, and Route 28 onto it. The routes left the Riverway using Park Drive and Mountfort Street (both now designated as part ofRoute 2) to reach the bridge. In Cambridge and Somerville, a new boulevard known as theNorthern Artery was built over part of Somerville Avenue and Medford Street, continuing north on a new roadway cutting across Somerville to Fellsway East, which was also paved over by the new Northern Artery. The Northern Artery provided a high speed connection between the Charles River and the Mystic River. US 1 and Route 28 were relocated off of local streets in Cambridge and Somerville onto the Northern Artery when it opened to traffic. From the Boston University Bridge, the two routes used Memorial Drive and Cambridge Parkway to reach the Northern Artery. The Northern Artery was later renamed as the Monsignor O'Brien Highway in Cambridge and the McGrath Highway in Somerville.
In the mid-1930s, the city of Boston marked several alternate routes of Routes 1, 9, 28, and 37 that ran through the downtown area. Route C28 left mainline Route 28 by continuing north into Dorchester along Blue Hill Avenue instead of turning west onto Morton Street with Route 3. Just beyond the Franklin Zoo, C28 turned west along Seaver Street, continuing through Roxbury along Columbus Avenue. C28 then followed Columbus Avenue up to Charles Street at the Boston Common, turning north along Charles Street to Cambridge Street, then crossing the Charles River using theLongfellow Bridge. C28 met back with mainline Route 28 at Memorial Drive in Cambridge. In 1971, the Boston 'C' routes were retired and mainline Route 28 was relocated onto the former C28 alignment through downtown Boston. Route 28 was also later shifted to use its modern alignment along Embankment Road and the Charles River Dam Bridge.
The McCarthy Overpass, which carries Route 28 as McGrath Highway through part of Somerville, was built in the early 1950s, before Interstate 93.[2] The parallel Northern Expressway segment connecting Medford (where I-93 ended in 1963) and theCentral Artery was constructed between 1965 and 1973. As the McCarthy Overpass reached the end of its expected life, theMassachusetts Department of Transportation announced in 2013 the preferred replacement was a ground-level boulevard.[3] The project is expected to cost $100 million and is programmed with state and federal money for 2027-2030; as of 2024, work on producing the 25% design was underway.[3][4][5] Temporary repairs were made in the meantime to protect the structural integrity of the bridge. The southbound off-ramp to Somerville Avenue, and a northbound "tunnel" under the overpass north of Somerville Avenue, were closed on April 11, 2016.[6]
In 1935, a new bridge over the Cape Cod Canal, the Bourne Bridge, was opened to traffic, replacing an earlier drawbridge at the same location. Between 1941 and 1943, the road south of the Bourne Bridge was widened to a four-lane, divided highway to the Pocasset Rotary and renamed General MacArthur Boulevard. The Route 28 expressway in Falmouth opened to traffic in 1961. Route 28 was relocated to the new expressway soon after, with the former surface alignment being renumbered to Route 28A.
Around 1940, several minor realignments had also taken place in Brockton, Bridgewater, and Middleborough. In Brockton, Route 28 followed Montello Street instead of Warren Avenue. South of Bridgewater, Route 28 was relocated onto an overlap with Route 18 until West Grove Street. Route 28 then followed West Grove Street and East Grove Street, bypassing Middleborough Center to the south. By 1951, a new bypass road in Buzzards Bay was completed and resulted in the relocation of Routes 6 and 28 to the new roadway.
Route 28 itself is no longer utilized as a long distance through route because of the opening of several parallel expressways along the Route 28 corridor since the 1950s.Interstate 93 serves the Route 28 corridor north of Boston, while the combination ofRoute 24, the southern end ofInterstate 495, andRoute 25 serves the corridor south of Boston to theBourne Bridge. The construction of Route 25, in particular, resulted in a reconfiguration of the connection from the Bourne Corners traffic circle to the Route 25 expressway.
 | This sectionis missing mileposts for junctions. Please helpadd them. |
| County | Location | mi | km | Exit | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barnstable | Eastham | 0.00 | 0.00 |  US 6 /Route 6A east –Eastham,Provincetown,Hyannis,Boston | Orleans Rotary; southern terminus; access toRock Harbor; southern end of Route 6A concurrency | |
| Orleans | 0.54 | 0.87 |  Route 6A west –Brewster | Northern end of Route 6A concurrency | ||
| 3.44 | 5.54 |   Route 39 south –Harwich,Hyannis | Northern terminus of Route 39 | |||
| Chatham | 12.99 | 20.91 |   Route 137 north –East Harwich,Brewster | Southern terminus of Route 137 | ||
| Harwich | 17.15 | 27.60 |  Route 39 north /Route 124 north –Harwich Center,Brewster,Orleans | Southern terminus of Route 39/Route 124 | ||
| Dennis | 20.23 | 32.56 |  Route 134 north –South Dennis,Dennis | Southern terminus of Route 134 | ||
| Barnstable | 28.33 | 45.59 |   Route 132 north toUS 6 / Barnstable Road –Boston | Roundabout; southern terminus of Route 132 | ||
| 34.90 | 56.17 |  Route 149 north –Marstons Mills,West Barnstable | Southern terminus of Route 149 | |||
| 37.19 | 59.85 |  Route 130 north –Mashpee,Sandwich | Southern terminus of Route 130 | |||
| Mashpee | 39.50 | 63.57 |  Route 151 west / Great Neck Road –North Falmouth,Bourne | Roundabout; eastern terminus of Route 151 | ||
| Falmouth | 51.32 | 82.59 | Southern end of freeway section | |||
| Module:Jctint/USA warning: Unused argument(s): state | ||||||
| – |  Route 28A north –Sippewissett | Southbound exit and entrance; southern terminus of Route 28A; proposed Exit 51a | ||||
| 52.02 | 83.72 | – | Brick Kiln Road –West Falmouth,East Falmouth | No southbound entrance; proposed exit 52a | ||
| 53.62 | 86.29 | – | Thomas B. Landers Road –West Falmouth,Old Silver Beach | Proposed exit 54a | ||
| 55.71 | 89.66 | – | Route 151 –Mashpee,North Falmouth | Proposed exit 56a | ||
| Bourne | 58.59 | 94.29 | Northern end of freeway section | |||
| Route 28A south / Conners Avenue –Joint Base Cape Cod | Roundabout; northern terminus of Route 28A | |||||
| 62.72 | 100.94 | ToUS 6 /Sandwich Road / Trowbridge Road –Hyannis,Bourne Village | Bourne Rotary | |||
| Southern end of freeway section | ||||||
| 63.06 | 101.49 | Bourne Bridge over theCape Cod Canal | ||||
| 63.46 | 102.13 |  Route 25 begins | ||||
| 63.81 | 102.69 | 10 |    Route 25 west toI-195 west /I-495 north –Boston | Northern end of Route 25 concurrency | ||
| Northern end of freeway section | ||||||
| 64.59 | 103.95 | US 6 east toRoute 3 north –Hyannis,Provincetown,Plymouth,Buzzards Bay | Buzzards Bay Rotary; southern end of US 6 concurrency | |||
| Plymouth | Wareham | 68.85 | 110.80 | Route 25 east –Cape Cod | Access via Glen Charlie Road | |
| 69.05 | 111.13 | US 6 west –Wareham,Marion | Northern end of US 6 concurrency | |||
| 69.29 | 111.51 | Route 25 west –Providence, RI,Boston | Access via Maple Springs Road | |||
| 72.68 | 116.97 | I-195 toI-495 north /Route 25 east –Marion,New Bedford | Exit 39 on I-195 | |||
| Rochester | 75.33 | 121.23 |  Route 58 north toI-495 –Carver,Plympton | Southern terminus of Route 58 | ||
| Middleborough | 80.77 | 129.99 | I-495 –Wareham,Cape Cod,Taunton,Marlboro | Exit 8 on I-495 | ||
| 85.28 | 137.24 |  Route 105 –Middleborough,Plymouth,Lakeville | ||||
| 87.74 | 141.20 |  US 44 /Route 18 south toI-495 –Plymouth,Taunton,Marlboro,Lakeville | Roundabout; southern end of Route 18 concurrency | |||
| Bridgewater | 93.78– 93.85 | 150.92– 151.04 |  Route 104 west –Taunton | Southern end of Route 104 concurrency | ||
| 93.88 | 151.09 | Route 18 north /Route 104 east –East Bridgewater,Quincy,Kingston | Northern end of Route 18/Route 104 concurrency | |||
| West Bridgewater | 96.55 | 155.38 |  Route 106 –East Bridgewater,Kingston,Easton,Boston | |||
| Brockton | 99.83 | 160.66 |   Route 27 north /Route 123 east (Crescent Street) –Abington,Norwell | Southern end of Route 27 concurrency | ||
| 100.02 | 160.97 | Route 123 west (Centre Street) | ||||
| 101.33 | 163.07 | Route 27 south (Pleasant Street) | Northern end of Route 27 concurrency | |||
| 102.93 | 165.65 |  Route 37 north –Holbrook,Braintree | Southern terminus of Route 37 | |||
| Norfolk | Randolph | 106.99– 107.22 | 172.18– 172.55 |  Route 139 –Holbrook,Stoughton | ||
| 110.20 | 177.35 | I-93 /US 1 toI-95 north (Route 128 north) –Braintree,Boston,Canton,Providence, RI | Exit 5 on I-93; formerRoute 128 | |||
| Milton | 115.10 | 185.24 |  Route 138 south –Canton,Stoughton | Northern terminus of Route 138 | ||
| Suffolk | Boston | 116.42 | 187.36 |  Route 203 (Morton Street) –Quincy | ||
| 121.66 | 195.79 | Clarendon Street | Southern terminus of directional split inDowntown Boston | |||
| 121.94 | 196.24 |  Route 9 west (Stuart Street) toI-90 /Mass Pike –V.A. Hospital,Worcester | Eastern terminus of Route 9 at Route 28 south; no access from Route 28 north | |||
| 122.24– 122.65 | 196.73– 197.39 | Route 2 west (Commonwealth Avenue / Boylston Street) –Cambridge,Fitchburg | Eastern terminus of Route 2 | |||
| 122.67 | 197.42 | David G. Mugar Way | Northern terminus of directional split | |||
| Storrow Drive west | Interchange | |||||
| 123.00 | 197.95 | Route 3 north –Government Center,Kendall Square,Cambridge | Interchange; southern end of Route 3 concurrency | |||
| 123.38 | 198.56 | I-93 north /US 1 north (Tobin Bridge) –Concord, NH | Interchange; access via Leverett Connector | |||
| 123.48 | 198.72 |  Route 3 south toI-93 /US 1 south /Callahan Tunnel south –Logan Airport,Quincy | Northern end of Route 3 concurrency | |||
| Charles River | Charles River Dam Bridge | |||||
| Middlesex | Somerville | Somerville Avenue | Interchange | |||
| Washington Street | Interchange | |||||
| 126.03 | 202.83 |  I-93 /Route 38 –Boston,Woburn | Exit 21 on I-93 | |||
| Mystic River | Wellington Bridge (southern terminus ofFellsway) | |||||
| Medford | 126.84 | 204.13 |  Route 16 –Chelsea,Revere,Arlington,Waltham | Wellington Circle | ||
| Malden | Fellsway East | Fellsway becomesFellsway West | ||||
| Medford | 128.35 | 206.56 |  Route 60 –Malden,Revere,Medford,Waltham | |||
| 129.21 | 207.94 | I-93 –Boston,Reading | Roosevelt Circle; exit 24 on I-93 | |||
| Stoneham | 130.84 | 210.57 |  I-93 south –Boston | Exit 25 on I-93; northern terminus of Fellsway West | ||
| Reading | 134.47 | 216.41 | I-95 /Route 128 –Peabody,Newburyport,Waltham,Providence, RI | Exits 56A-B on I-95 | ||
| 136.02 | 218.90 |  Route 129 (Salem Street) | ||||
| North Reading | 139.67– 139.86 | 224.78– 225.08 |  Route 62 –North Reading,Beverly,Wilmington,Bedford | |||
| Essex | Andover | 141.67 | 228.00 |  Route 125 toI-93 –North Andover,Haverhill,Wilmington | Interchange | |
| 146.54 | 235.83 |  Route 133 –North Andover,Haverhill,Lowell,Georgetown | ||||
| 147.05 | 236.65 | I-495 –Haverhill,Salisbury,Lowell,Marlboro | Exit 99 on I-495 | |||
| Lawrence | 148.43 | 238.87 |  Route 114 east –North Andover,Middleton | Western terminus of Route 114 | ||
| 149.31 | 240.29 |  Route 110 –Lowell,Haverhill,Amesbury | ||||
| Methuen | 150.90 | 242.85 |  Route 113 | |||
| 151.27 | 243.45 | Route 213 toI-93 /I-495 –Boston,Concord, NH,Haverhill | Exit 2 on Route 213 | |||
| 151.93 | 244.51 | NH 28 north –Salem | Continuation intoNew Hampshire | |||
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
| ||||||
 Route 28A | |
|---|---|
| Location | Falmouth–Bourne |
| Length | 7.9 mi[7] (12.7 km) |
| Existed | 1961– |
Route 28A is a 7.9-mile (12.7 km) alternate route running fromFalmouth in the south to the village ofPocasset in the north. Route 28A parallels the freeway section of Route 28 in the Upper Cape, providing a scenic alternative for travelers and direct access to the localities bypassed by the freeway. Route 28A begins and ends at Route 28 with an intermediate junction with Route 151.
The highway was part of Route 28 until paralleling General MacArthur Boulevard expressway opened to traffic in 1961.
The entire route is inBarnstable County.
| Location | mi[7] | km | Destinations | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Falmouth | 0.0 | 0.0 |  Route 28 south –Woods Hole,Falmouth | Right in/right out interchange with Route 28 south | |
| 2.8 | 4.5 | To Route 28 –Falmouth,Boston | Via Thomas B Landers Road | ||
| 4.9 | 7.9 | Route 151 east –Mashpee,Hyannis,North Falmouth | Western terminus of Route 151 | ||
| Bourne | 7.9 | 12.7 | Route 28 / Connery Avenue –Falmouth,Woods Hole,Bourne,Wareham,Joint Base Cape Cod | Otis Rotary | |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | |||||
