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Massachusetts's 1st congressional district

Coordinates:42°19′52″N72°51′51″W / 42.33111°N 72.86417°W /42.33111; -72.86417
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
U.S. House district for Massachusetts

Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
Map
Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023
Representative
Area3,101.14 sq mi (8,031.9 km2)
Distribution
  • 69.21% urban
  • 30.79% rural
Population (2024)779,993
Median household
income
$75,462[1]
Ethnicity
Occupation
Cook PVID+8[2]

Massachusetts's 1st congressional district covers thewestern portion and the south of thecentral portion of the state. It is the largest and most sparsely populated district in the state, covering about 30% of the state's land area.[3] The largest cities in the district areSpringfield,Chicopee,Pittsfield,Westfield, andHolyoke.

Richard Neal, aDemocrat from Springfield, represents the district; he previously represented the old 2nd from 1989 to 2013.

Cities and towns represented

[edit]

As of the 2021 redistricting cycle, the 1st district contains 83 municipalities:[4]

Berkshire County(32)

All 32 municipalities

Franklin County(4)

Charlemont,Hawley,Monroe,Rowe

Hampden County(23)

All 23 municipalities

Hampshire County(11)

Belchertown,Cummington,Easthampton,Granby,Huntington,Middlefield,Plainfield,South Hadley,Southampton,Ware,Worthington

Worcester County(13)

Brookfield,Charlton,Dudley,East Brookfield,New Braintree,North Brookfield,Southbridge,Spencer,Sturbridge,Oxford,Warren,Webster (part; also2nd; includes part ofWebster CDP),West Brookfield

History of district boundaries

[edit]

After the 2010 census, the 1st district shifted from covering the western and north-central portions of the state to covering the western and south-central portions of the state.[5][6] Following the 2020 census, the 1st district boundaries did not shift as drastically but moved to cover somewhat less of the western portions of Franklin and Hampshire Counties while encompassing more of Worcester and southeastern Hampshire Counties.[7]

Recent election results from statewide races

[edit]
YearOfficeResults[8]
2008PresidentObama 63% - 35%
SenateKerry 70% - 30%
2010Senate (Spec.)Brown 52% - 48%
GovernorPatrick 49% - 38%
2012PresidentObama 64% - 36%
SenateWarren 56% - 44%
2014SenateMarkey 61% - 39%
GovernorBaker 46% - 44%
2016PresidentClinton 55% - 37%
2018SenateWarren 57% - 39%
GovernorBaker 68% - 31%
Secretary of the CommonwealthGalvin 66% - 29%
Attorney GeneralHealey 65% - 35%
Treasurer and Receiver-GeneralGoldberg 63% - 31%
AuditorBump 60% - 33%
2020PresidentBiden 60% - 38%
SenateMarkey 60% - 38%
2022GovernorHealey 58% - 41%
Secretary of the CommonwealthGalvin 61% - 35%
Attorney GeneralCampbell 57% - 43%
AuditorDiZoglio 49% - 42%
2024PresidentHarris 55% - 42%
SenateWarren 56% - 44%

List of members representing the district

[edit]
MemberPartyYearsCong
ress
Electoral historyDistrict location
District created March 4, 1789

Fisher Ames
(Dedham)
Pro-AdministrationMarch 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1793
1st
2nd
Elected in 1788.
Re-elected in 1790.
1789–1793
Suffolk County
General ticket:
Four members
from the
same district
March 4, 1793 –
March 3, 1795
3rdRe-elected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district fromSuffolk County.
Redistricted to the8th district.
1793–1795
Suffolk County,Middlesex County, andEssex County

Samuel Dexter
(Lunenburg)
Pro-AdministrationElected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district fromMiddlesex County.
Redistricted to the9th district and lost re-election.

Benjamin Goodhue
(Salem)
Pro-AdministrationRedistricted from the2nd district andre-elected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district fromEssex County.
Redistricted to the10th district.

Samuel Holten
(Danvers)
Anti-AdministrationElected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district at-large.
Redistricted to the10th district and lost re-election.

Theodore Sedgwick
(Great Barrington)
FederalistMarch 4, 1795 –
June 11, 1796
4thRedistricted from the2nd district andre-elected in 1794.
Resigned to become U.S. Senator.
1795–1803
"1st Western district"
VacantJune 1796 –
January 27, 1797

Thomson J. Skinner
(Williamstown)
Democratic-RepublicanJanuary 27, 1797 –
March 3, 1799
Elected to finish Sedgwick's term.
Re-elected in 1796.
Retired.
5th

Theodore Sedgwick
(Great Barrington)
FederalistMarch 4, 1799 –
March 3, 1801
6thElected in 1798.
Retired.
John Bacon
(Stockbridge)
Democratic-RepublicanMarch 4, 1801 –
March 3, 1803
7thElected in 1800.
Retired.

William Eustis
(Boston)
Democratic-RepublicanMarch 4, 1803 –
March 3, 1805
8thRedistricted from the8th district andre-elected in 1802.
Lost re-election.
1803–1813
"Suffolk district"

Josiah Quincy III
(Boston)
FederalistMarch 4, 1805 –
March 3, 1813
9th
10th
11th
12th
Elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Retired.
Artemas Ward Jr.
(Boston)
FederalistMarch 4, 1813 –
March 3, 1817
13th
14th
Elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Retired.
1813–1823
"Suffolk district"

Jonathan Mason
(Boston)
FederalistMarch 4, 1817 –
May 15, 1820
15th
16th
Elected August 26, 1817 to Representative-electJames Lloyd's term and seated December 2, 1816.[9]
Re-elected in 1818.
Resigned to pursue law practice.
VacantMay 15, 1820 –
November 6, 1820
16th
Benjamin Gorham
(Boston)
Democratic-RepublicanNovember 6, 1820 –
March 3, 1823
16th
17th
Elected to finish Mason's term.
Also elected to the next term in 1820.
Retired.

Daniel Webster
(Boston)
Adams-Clay FederalistMarch 4, 1823 –
March 3, 1825
18th
19th
20th
Elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Re-elected in 1826, but resigned to become U.S. Senator.
1823–1833
"Suffolk district"
Anti-JacksonianMarch 4, 1825 –
May 30, 1827
VacantMay 30, 1827 –
July 23, 1827
20th
Benjamin Gorham
(Boston)
Anti-JacksonianJuly 23, 1827 –
March 3, 1831
20th
21st
Elected to finish Webster's term.
Re-elected in 1828.
Retired.

Nathan Appleton
(Boston)
Anti-JacksonianMarch 4, 1831 –
March 3, 1833
22ndElected in 1830.
Retired.
Benjamin Gorham
(Boston)
Anti-JacksonianMarch 4, 1833 –
March 3, 1835
23rdElected in 1833.
[data missing]
1833–1843
[data missing]

Abbott Lawrence
(Boston)
Anti-JacksonianMarch 4, 1835 –
March 3, 1837
24thElected in 1834.
Retired.

Richard Fletcher
(Boston)
WhigMarch 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1839
25thElected in 1836.
Re-elected in 1838, but declined to serve.
VacantMarch 4, 1839 –
November 11, 1839
26th

Abbott Lawrence
(Boston)
WhigNovember 11, 1839 –
September 18, 1840
Elected to finish Fletcher's term.
Resigned.
VacantSeptember 18, 1840 –
November 9, 1840

Robert C. Winthrop
(Boston)
WhigNovember 9, 1840 –
May 25, 1842
26th
27th
Elected to finish Lawrence's term.
Also elected to the next term in 1840.
Resigned.
VacantMay 25, 1842 –
June 9, 1842
27th

Nathan Appleton
(Boston)
WhigJune 9, 1842 –
September 28, 1842
Elected to finish Winthrop's term.
Resigned.
VacantSeptember 28, 1842 –
November 29, 1842

Robert C. Winthrop
(Boston)
WhigNovember 29, 1842 –
July 30, 1850
27th
28th
29th
30th
31st
Elected to finish Appleton's term.
Also elected to the next term in 1842.
Re-elected in 1844.
Re-elected in 1846.
Re-elected in 1848.
Resigned to become U.S. Senator.
1843–1853
"City of Boston."[10]
VacantJuly 30, 1850 –
August 22, 1850
31st

Samuel A. Eliot
(Boston)
WhigAugust 22, 1850 –
March 3, 1851
Elected to finish Winthrop's term.
Retired.

William Appleton
(Boston)
WhigMarch 4, 1851 –
March 3, 1853
32ndElected in 1850.
Redistricted to the5th district.

Zeno Scudder
(Barnstable)
WhigMarch 4, 1853 –
March 4, 1854
33rdRedistricted from the10th district andre-elected in 1852.
Retired because of injury.
1853–1863
[data missing]
VacantMarch 4, 1854 –
April 17, 1854

Thomas D. Eliot
(New Bedford)
WhigApril 17, 1854 –
March 3, 1855
Elected to finish Scudder's term.
Retired.

Robert B. Hall
(Plymouth)
American
(Know Nothing)
March 4, 1855 –
March 3, 1857
34th
35th
Elected in 1854.
Re-elected in 1856.
[data missing]
RepublicanMarch 4, 1857 –
March 3, 1859

Thomas D. Eliot
(New Bedford)
RepublicanMarch 4, 1859 –
March 3, 1869
36th
37th
38th
39th
40th[11]
Elected in 1858.
Re-elected in 1860.
Re-elected in 1862.
Re-elected in 1864.
Re-elected in 1866.
Retired.
1863–1873
"All of Barnstable, Dukes and Nantucket counties; the city of New Bedford and towns of Dartmouth and Fairhaven, in Bristol county; the towns of Carver, Kingston, Plymouth, Plympton, Rochester, and Wareham, in Plymouth county."[12]

James Buffinton
(Fall River)
RepublicanMarch 4, 1869 –
March 7, 1875
41st
42nd
43rd
44th[13]
Elected in 1868.
Re-elected in 1870.
Re-elected in 1872.
Re-elected in 1874.
Died.
1873–1883
[data missing]
VacantMarch 7, 1875 –
November 2, 1875
44th

William W. Crapo
(New Bedford)
RepublicanNovember 2, 1875 –
March 3, 1883
44th
45th
46th
47th[14][15]
Elected to finish Buffinton's term.
Re-elected in 1876.
Re-elected in 1878.
Re-elected in 1880.
Retired.

Robert T. Davis
(Fall River)
RepublicanMarch 4, 1883 –
March 3, 1889
48th
49th
50th
Elected in 1882.
Re-elected in 1884.
Re-elected in 1886.
Retired.
1883–1893
[data missing]

Charles S. Randall
(New Bedford)
RepublicanMarch 4, 1889 –
March 3, 1893
51st
52nd
Elected in 1888.
Re-elected in 1890.
Redistricted to the13th district.

Ashley B. Wright
(North Adams)
RepublicanMarch 4, 1893 –
August 14, 1897
53rd
54th
55th[16]
Elected in 1892.
Re-elected in 1894.
Re-elected in 1896.
Died.
1893–1903
[data missing]
VacantAugust 14, 1897 –
November 2, 1897
55th

George P. Lawrence
(North Adams)
RepublicanNovember 2, 1897 –
March 3, 1913
55th
56th
57th
58th
59th
60th
61st
62nd[17][18]
Elected to finish Wright's term.
Re-elected in 1898.
Re-elected in 1900.
Re-elected in 1902.
Re-elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Re-elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Retired.
1903–1913
[data missing]

Allen T. Treadway
(Stockbridge)
RepublicanMarch 4, 1913 –
January 3, 1945
63rd
64th
65th
66th
67th
68th
69th
70th
71st
72nd
73rd
74th
75th
76th
77th
78th[19]
Elected in 1912.
Re-elected in 1914.
Re-elected in 1916.
Re-elected in 1918.
Re-elected in 1920.
Re-elected in 1922.
Re-elected in 1924.
Re-elected in 1926.
Re-elected in 1928.
Re-elected in 1930.
Re-elected in 1932.
Re-elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Re-elected in 1938.
Re-elected in 1940.
Re-elected in 1942.
Retired.
1913–1933
"Berkshire County.

Franklin County: Ashfield, Buckland, Charlemont, Colrain, Conway, Greenfield, Hawley, Heath, Leyden, Monroe, Rowe, Shelburne.

Hampshire County: Chesterfield, Cummington, Goshen, Huntington, Middlefield, Plainfield, Southampton, Westhampton, Worthington.

Hampden County: Holyoke, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, and Westfield."[20]

1933–1943
[data missing]
1943–1953
[data missing]

John W. Heselton
(Deerfield)
RepublicanJanuary 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1959
79th
80th
81st
82nd
83rd
84th
85th
Elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Re-elected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Retired.
1953–1963
"Berkshire County.

Franklin County

Hamdpen County: Holyoke, Westfield, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, and Tolland.

Hampshire County: Belchertown, Chesterfield, Cummington, Goshen, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfield, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, Worthington.

Worcester County: Athol, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston, Templeton."[21]


Silvio O. Conte
(Pittsfield)
RepublicanJanuary 3, 1959 –
February 8, 1991
86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th
95th
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
Elected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Re-elected in 1962.
Re-elected in 1964.
Re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Re-elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Died.
1963–1973
"Berkshire County: North Adams, Pittsfield, Adams, Alford, Becket, Cheshire, Clarksburg, Dalton, Egremont, Florida, Great Barrington, Hancock, Hinsdale, Lanesborough, Lee, Lenox, Monterey, Mount Washington, New Ashford, New Marlborough, Otis, Peru, Richmond, Sandisfield, Savoy, Sheffield, Stockbridge, Tyringham, Washington, West Stockbridge, Williamstown, Windsor.

Franklin County: Ashfield, Bernardston, Buckland, Charlemont, Colrain, Conway, Deerfield, Erving, Gill, Greenfield, Hawley, Heath, Leverett, Leyden, Monroe, Montague, New Salem, Northfield, Orange, Rowe, Shelburne, Shutesbury, Sunderland, Warwick, Wendell, Whately.

Hampden County: Cities of Holyoke, Westfield, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland.

Hampshire County: Northampton, Amherst, Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Hadley, Hatfield, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfield, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, Worthington.

Worcester County: Athol, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston, Templeton."[22][a]

1973–1983
"Berkshire County.

Franklin County: All except Orange.

Hampden County: Holyoke, Westfield, Agawam, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, West Springfield.

Hampshire County: Northampton and all towns."[24]

1983–1993
[data missing]
VacantFebruary 8, 1991 –
June 18, 1991
102nd

John Olver
(Amherst)
DemocraticJune 18, 1991 –
January 3, 2013
102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th
112th
Elected to finish Conte's term.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Re-elected in 2010.
Retired.[25]
1993–2003
[data missing]
2003–2013

All ofBerkshire County andFranklin County as well as the following towns and cities:

InHampden County:Blandford,Chester,Granville,Holyoke,Montgomery,Russell,Southwick,Tolland,Westfield,West Springfield.

InHampshire County:Amherst,Belchertown,Chesterfield,Cummington,Easthampton,Goshen,Granby,Hatfield,Huntington,Middlefield,Pelham,Plainfield,Southampton,Ware,Westhampton,Williamsburg,Worthington.

InMiddlesex County:Ashby,Pepperell,Townsend.

InWorcester County:Ashburnham,Athol,Barre,Fitchburg,Gardner,Hardwick,Hubbardston,Leominster,Lunenburg,New Braintree,Oakham,Petersham,Phillipston,Royalston,Sterling,Templeton,West Brookfield,Westminster,Winchendon.


Richard Neal
(Springfield)
DemocraticJanuary 3, 2013 –
present
113th
114th
115th
116th
117th
118th
119th
Redistricted from the2nd district andre-elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Re-elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Re-elected in 2024.
2013–2023

Berkshire County.

Hampden County All except Precinct 1A inPalmer.

In westernFranklin County:Ashfield,Bernardston,Buckland,Charlemont,Colrain,Conway,Hawley,Heath,Leyden,Monroe,Rowe,Shelburne.

In westernHampshire County:Chesterfield,Cummington,Easthampton,Goshen,Granby,Huntington,Middlefield,Plainfield,South Hadley,Southampton,Westhampton,Williamsburg,Worthington.

In southwesternWorcester County:Brookfield,Charlton,Dudley,East Brookfield,Southbridge,Sturbridge,Warren.

2023–present

Recent election results

[edit]

2002

[edit]
2002 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticJohn Olver (incumbent)137,84167.56
RepublicanMatthew Kinnaman66,06132.40
Write-in1170.06
Majority71,78035.18
Turnout204,019
Democratichold

2004

[edit]
2004 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
DemocraticJohn Olver (incumbent)229,46599.02+ 31.46
Write-in2,2820.98+ 0.92
Majority227,18398.04+ 62.86
Turnout231,747
DemocraticholdSwing

2006

[edit]
2006 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticJohn Olver (incumbent)158,03576%
Unenrolled challengerWilliam H. Szych49,12324%
SocialistEric Chester<253<1%
Democratichold

2008

[edit]
2008 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticJohn Olver (incumbent)215,69669.7%
RepublicanNathan Bech80,06725.9%
Democratichold

2010

[edit]
2010 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticJohn Olver (incumbent)128,01160%
RepublicanWilliam L. Gunn Jr.74,41834.9%
IndependentMichael Engel10,8805.1%
Democratichold

2012

[edit]
2012 Democratic primary[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (redistricted incumbent)40,29565.4
DemocraticAndrea F. Nuciforo Jr.15,15924.63
DemocraticBill Shein6,0599.85
Write-inOther0.050.1
Total votes61,546100
2012 general election[27]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard E. Neal (redistricted incumbent)261,93698.42
Write-inOther4,1971.58
Total votes266,133100

2014

[edit]
2014 Democratic primary[28]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (Incumbent)44,85798.45
Write-inOther7061.55
Total votes45,563100
2014 general election[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard E. Neal (Incumbent)167,61297.97
Write-inOther3,4982.04
Total votes171,110100

2016

[edit]
2016 Democratic primary[30]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (Incumbent)44,85798.45
Write-inOther7061.55
Total votes45,563100
2016 general election[31]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard E. Neal (Incumbent)235,80373.34
IndependentFrederick O. Mayock57,50417.88
LibertarianThomas T. Simmons27,5118.56
Write-inOther7210.22
Total votes321,539100

2018

[edit]
2018 Democratic primary[32]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (Incumbent)49,69670.64
DemocraticTahirah Amatul-Wadud20,56529.23
Write-inOther930.13
Total votes70,354100
2018 general election[33]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard E. Neal (Incumbent)211,79097.64
Write-inOther5,1102.36
Total votes216,900100

2020

[edit]
2020 Democratic primary
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (Incumbent)83,43758.8
DemocraticAlex Morse58,39041.2
Write-inOther
Total votes
2020 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (Incumbent)275,37696.5%
Write-inOther9,9563.5%
Total votes

2022

[edit]
2022 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (incumbent)157,63561.5%
RepublicanDean Martilli98,38638.4%
Write-in3780.1%
Total votes263,651100%

2024

[edit]
2024 general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticRichard Neal (incumbent)223,32562.4
IndependentNadia Milleron133,55237.3
Write-in1,1810.3
Total votes358,058100.0

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ One source has a different list for the second session of the 88th Congress, which met in 1972: "Berkshire County: All cities and towns. Franklin County: All towns. Hampden County: Cities of Holyoke and Westfield. Towns of Agawam, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, and West Springfield. Hampshire County: City of Northampton. Towns of Amherst, Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Hadley, Hatfield, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfleld, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, and Worthington. Worcester County: Towns of Athol, Barre, Hardwick, Hubbardston, New Braintree, Oakham, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston. Rutland, and Templeton."[23]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"My Congressional District / Massachusetts / District 1".United States Census Bureau. RetrievedSeptember 14, 2025 – via Census.gov.
  2. ^"2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)".Cook Political Report. April 3, 2025. RetrievedApril 5, 2025.
  3. ^"State of Massachusetts Congressional Districts - Current/BAS24 - Data as of January 1, 2023".US Census Bureau.
  4. ^"Massachusetts Congressional Districts".Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
  5. ^"Commonwealth of Massachusetts: U.S. Congressional Districts (Chapter 29 of the Acts of 2002)".
  6. ^"The Commonwealth of Massachusetts: Congressional Districts, Chapter 177 of the Acts of 2011".
  7. ^"Massachusetts Congressional Districts"(PDF).
  8. ^"Dra 2020".
  9. ^"Fourteenth Congress March 4, 1815 to March 3, 1817". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. RetrievedJanuary 11, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
  10. ^John Hayward (1849)."Congressional Districts".Gazetteer of Massachusetts.Boston: J.P. Jewett & Co.hdl:2027/mdp.39015078325076.
  11. ^"Massachusetts".Congressional Directory for the Second Session of the Thirty-Seventh Congress.Washington, D.C.:Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives. 1861.
  12. ^"Congressional Districts".Massachusetts Register 1862.Boston: Adams, Sampson, & Co. 1862.
  13. ^Ben. Perley Poore (1869)."Massachusetts".Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.).Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.hdl:2027/nyp.33433081796686.
  14. ^Ben. Perley Poore (1878)."Massachusetts".Congressional Directory: 45th Congress (3rd ed.).Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.ISBN 9780160411762.{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  15. ^Ben. Perley Poore (1882)."Massachusetts".Congressional Directory: 47th Congress (3rd ed.).Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.
  16. ^L.A. Coolidge (1897)."Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Fifth Congress.Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.
  17. ^A.J. Halford (1903)."Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Eighth Congress.Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.
  18. ^A.J. Halford (1909)."Massachusetts".Congressional Directory: 60th Congress (2nd ed.).Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.
  19. ^"Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: 75th Congress (2nd ed.).Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office. 1938.
  20. ^"Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: 64th Congress. 1991/1992- : S. Pub. (2nd ed.).Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1916.hdl:2027/uc1.l0075858456.
  21. ^"Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: 83rd Congress.Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1953.hdl:2027/mdp.39015038055821.
  22. ^"Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: 88th Congress.Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1963.hdl:2027/mdp.39015071164118.
  23. ^"Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: 92nd Congress.Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1972.hdl:2027/mdp.39015011922419.
  24. ^"Massachusetts".Official Congressional Directory: 93rd Congress.Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1973.hdl:2027/mdp.39015038055771.
  25. ^"U.S. Rep. John Olver announces plan to retire when term ends next year".masslive.com. October 26, 2011. RetrievedApril 5, 2018.
  26. ^"2012 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District".PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  27. ^"STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 6, 2012". United States House of Representatives. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  28. ^"2016 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District".PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  29. ^"STATISTICS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 4, 2014". United States House of Representatives. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  30. ^"2016 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District".PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  31. ^"STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 8, 2016". United States House of Representatives. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  32. ^"2018 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District".PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.
  33. ^"STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 6, 2018". United States House of Representatives. RetrievedFebruary 29, 2020.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989).The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982).The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toMassachusetts's 1st congressional district.
  • The at-large and 10th–20th districts are obsolete. The 14th–20th districts moved toMaine in 1820, and the 14th–16th districts were later restored in Massachusetts.
See also
Massachusetts's past and presentrepresentatives,senators, anddelegations
Senators
Representatives
(ordered by district)
Authority control databasesEdit this at Wikidata

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