| Marduk-kabit-aḫḫēšu | |
|---|---|
| King of Babylon | |
| Reign | 18 regnal years c. 1153–1136 BC[a] |
| Predecessor | Enlil-nādin-aḫe (Kassite Dynasty) |
| Successor | Itti-Marduk-balāṭu |
| House | 2nd Dynasty of Isin |
Marduk-kabit-aḫḫēšu, "Marduk is the most important among his brothers",[2]c. 1153–1136 BC, was the founder of the 2nd Dynasty ofIsin, which was to ruleBabylon until around 1022 BC. He apparently acceded in the aftermath of theElamite overthrow of theKassite Dynasty. His name and length of reign are most clearly ascertained from theBabylonian King List C[i 1] which gives 18 years for his rule.[b]
The name of the dynasty,BALA PA.ŠE, is a wordplay on the termišinnu, “stalk,” written asPA.ŠE and is the only apparent reference to the actual city ofIsin as the seat of their rule was elsewhere.[3] He should not be confused with the Middle-Assyrian scribe of the same name who authored two documents[i 2] in the library ofTukultī-apil-Ešarra around 30 years later.
HisElamite contemporary was probably Shilhak-Inshushinak I, the brother and successor of Kutir-Nahhunte II. In a series of campaigns he seems to have driven out the Elamite hordes. Whether there was an Elamite interregnum between the fall of the previous dynasty and the resumption of local rule or whether there was an overlap with the previous Kassite dynasty has not been determined.[4] The Babylonian tradition has his succession following seamless after that of the last Kassite king, but this is unlikely. After seeing off the Elamites, he turned his attention toAssyria and the north, capturing the city of Ekallatum.
The dynasty marks the ascendance of the cult ofMarduk, since 6 of the 11 kings of the dynasty were to include his name as a theophoric element, and he was to become entrenched as the supreme deity of the pantheon. He was succeeded by his son, Itti-Marduk-balāṭu.
