Clockwise from top to bottom left-right: Calendar year
2011 by topic By international organization
2011 (MMXI ) was acommon year starting on Saturday of theGregorian calendar , the 2011th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 3rd millennium and the21st century , and the 2nd year of the2010s decade.
Calendar year
The year marked the start ofa series of protests and revolutions throughout the Arab world advocating for democracy, reform, and economic recovery, later leading to the depositions of world leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen, and in some cases sparking civil wars such as theSyrian civil war and thefirst Libyan civil war , the latter gave way to thesecond Libyan civil war .
U.S. Navy SEALskilled al-Qaeda leader and terroristOsama bin Laden in hiscompound in Pakistan on May 2. TheCuriosity rover, which was to land on Mars in August of the following year, launched from Cape Canaveral on November 26. In December, North Korean leaderKim Jong Il , who had been the supreme leader of North Korea since the death of his fatherKim Il Sung in 1994,died while traveling by train to a place outside Pyongyang. He was succeeded by his sonKim Jong Un .
2011 was designated as:
In 2011, the nation ofSamoa only had 364 days as it moved across the International Date Line skippingDecember 30 , 2011; it is now 24 hours ahead of American Samoa.[ 2] [ 3]
January 1 Estonia officially adopts theEuro currency and becomes the 17thEurozone country.[ 4] A bomb explodes asCoptic Christians in Alexandria, Egypt leave a new year service, killing 23 people.Flight 348 with 134 occupants, operated byMetrojet , catches fire while taxiing out for take-off. Three people are killed and 43 are injured, four critically, from smoke inhalation or burns.January 4 –Tunisian street vendorMohamed Bouazizi dies aftersetting himself on fire a month earlier, sparking anti-government protests in Tunisia and later otherArab nations . These protests become known collectively as theArab Spring .[ 5] [ 6] January 5 –Internet vigilante groupAnonymous launchesDoS attacks onSyrian ,Tunisian ,Bahraini ,Egyptian ,Libyan , andJordanian government websites in response to theArab Spring protests .[ 7] [ 8] January 7 – ABangladeshi teenage girl Felani Khatun, wasshot dead by theIndian Border Security Force (BSF) on the Anantapurborder area underPhulbari upazila inKurigram . Her body was hanging from the fence for four and half hours. Globalhuman rights organizations , including the media, became protesters.[ 9] [ 10] January 9 –Iran Air Flight 277 crashes near Orumiyeh in the northeast of the country, killing 78 people.January 14 – TheTunisian government falls after a month of increasingly violent protests;President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali flees toSaudi Arabia after 23 years in power.[ 11] [ 12] January 15 – The result of theSouth Sudanese independence referendum, 2011 is in favour of independence, paving the way for the creation of the new state in July.[ 13] January 24 – 37 people are killed and more than 180 others are wounded ina bombing atDomodedovo International Airport in Moscow, Russia.[ 14] [ 15] [ 16] January 25 – The2011 Egyptian revolution begins.January 27 – WithinUrsa Minor ,H1504+65 , awhite dwarf with the hottest known surface temperature in the universe at 200,000 K, was documented.[ 17] January 28 – Friday of anger (Egyptian revolution of 2011). Protestors clash with security forces which resulted in over 600 protestors estimated dead and several police stations were raided.May 1 – U.S. PresidentBarack Obama announces thatOsama bin Laden , the founder and leader of the militant groupAl-Qaeda , waskilled on May 2, 2011 (PKT ,UTC+05 ) during an American military operation inPakistan .[ 39] May 10 –14 – TheEurovision Song Contest 2011 takes place inDüsseldorf ,Germany , and is won byAzeri entrantsEll & Nikki with the song "Running Scared ".May 11 – A5.1 earthquake strikes southernSpain , killing 9 people and injuring over 400.May 16 – The European Union agrees to a €78 billion rescue deal for Portugal. The bailout loan will be equally split between theEuropean Financial Stabilisation Mechanism , theEuropean Financial Stability Facility , and theInternational Monetary Fund .[ 40] May 18 –Porto beatsBraga 1–0 in the2011 UEFA Europa League final at theAviva Stadium .May 21 –Grímsvötn , Iceland's most active volcano, erupts and causes disruption to air travel in Northwestern Europe.[ 41] May 22 – The2011 Joplin tornado , an EF5tornado , strikesJoplin, Missouri , killing 158 people and injuring 1,150.May 24 – The2011 El Reno–Piedmont tornado , an EF5tornado , strikesEl Reno andPiedmont, Oklahoma , killing 9 people and injuring 181.May 26 – FormerBosnian Serb Army commanderRatko Mladić , wanted for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity, is arrested inSerbia .[ 42] [ 43] May 28 –Barcelona beatsManchester United 3–1 in the2011 UEFA Champions League final at theWembley Stadium .July 6 – TheInternational Olympic Committee awardsPyeongchang the right to host the2018 Winter Olympics .July 9 –South Sudan secedes fromSudan , per the result of theindependence referendum held in January.[ 46] July 12 – The planetNeptune completes its first orbit since it was discovered in 1846.[ 47] July 14 –South Sudan joins theUnited Nations as the 193rd member.[ 48] July 14 –23 – Two frontal systems enter south-central Chile causinggreat snowfalls that leaves thousand of people isolated .[ 49] July 20 July 21 –Space ShuttleAtlantis lands successfully atKennedy Space Center after completingSTS-135 , concluding NASA'sSpace Shuttle program.[ 52] July 22 – InNorway ,Anders Behring Breivik kills 8 people in a bomb blast which targeted government buildings in central Oslo, then kills 69 at a massacre at aWorkers' Youth League camp on the island ofUtøya .[ 53] July 23 – InLondon , singerAmy Winehouse dies atage 27 due to alcohol poisoning.Wenzhou train collision ; 2 high speed trains inWenzhou ,China collided on a viaduct, sending multiple cars off the viaduct and crushing some. 40 people were killed and 192 people were injured.[ 54] July 31 – InThailand over 12.8 million people are affected bysevere flooding . TheWorld Bank estimates damages at 1,440 billionbaht (US$45 billion).[ 55] [ 56] [ 57] October 4 – The death toll from the flooding ofCambodia 'sMekong river and attendant flash floods reaches 207.[ 79] October 18 Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange :Israel and thePalestinian militant organizationHamas begin a major prisoner exchange, in which the capturedIsraeli Army soldierGilad Shalit is released by Hamas in exchange for 1,027 Palestinian andIsraeli-Arab prisoners held in Israel, including 280 prisoners serving life sentences for planning and perpetrating terror attacks.[ 80] [ 81] [ 82] Dozens of exotic animals were released from their enclosures at the Muskingum County Animal Farm inZanesville, Ohio resulting in the need of local law enforcement to hunt and kill 48 animals including 18 tigers, 6 black bears, 2 grizzly bears, 2 wolves, 1 macaque monkey, 1 baboon, 3 mountain lions and 17 African lions. October 20 October 23 – A magnitude 7.2 Mw earthquake jolts eastern Turkey near the city ofVan , killing over 600 people and damaging about 2,200 buildings.[ 88] October 27 – After an emergency meeting in Brussels, the European Union announces an agreement to tackle theEuropean sovereign debt crisis which includes awritedown of 50% of Greek bonds, a recapitalisation of European banks and an increase of the bailout fund of theEuropean Financial Stability Facility totaling to €1 trillion.[ 89] [ 90] October 29 October 31 ^ "United Nations Observances" . United Nations.Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. RetrievedJuly 5, 2012 .^ "Samoa to change time zones and move forward by a day" . Metro. Archived fromthe original on September 6, 2011.^ "Samoa to move the International Dateline" . Herald Sun. Archived fromthe original on July 6, 2016. RetrievedDecember 31, 2020 .^ "Estonia becomes 17th member of the euro zone" .BBC News . 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RetrievedNovember 20, 2024 .^ "Thailand cleans up; Areas remain flooded" .Time . Associated Press. December 2, 2011. Archived fromthe original on January 8, 2012.^ "Death toll of Thai floods rises to 790" .The Jakarta Post . December 30, 2011. Archived fromthe original on February 17, 2012. RetrievedMay 6, 2012 .^ Daniel, Zoe (October 4, 2011)."Hundreds killed in flood-hit Thailand" .ABC News Australia .Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. RetrievedMay 6, 2012 . ^ Detrixhe, John (August 6, 2011)."U.S. Loses AAA Credit Rating as S&P Slams Debt Levels, Political Process" .Bloomberg .Archived from the original on January 14, 2015. RetrievedMarch 4, 2017 . ^ Bremer, Catherine; Dmitracova, Olesya (August 8, 2011)."Analysis: France, Britain AAA-ratings under scrutiny" .Reuters . Paris/London.Archived from the original on August 9, 2011. RetrievedAugust 10, 2011 . ^ "NASA launches mission to Jupiter" .RTÉ Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. 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