Marcelino Domingo | |
|---|---|
 Marcelino Domingo (1930) | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 April 1884 |
| Died | 2 March 1939(1939-03-02) (aged 54) |
| Political party | Catalan Republican Party Radical Socialist Republican Party |
| Other political affiliations | Republican Left |
| Occupation | Politician, journalist, teacher |
Marcelino Domingo Sanjuán (26 April 1884 – 2 March 1939)[1] was a Spanish teacher, journalist, and politician who served as a minister several times during the government of theSecond Spanish Republic.
Born inTarragona,[1] he obtained the title of a teacher in the city in 1903. In the same year, he moved toTortosa, where he began to teach and came into contact with republican cliques. In Tortosa, he directed republican newspaperEl Pueblo.[2]
His political career began in 1909 when he was elected a republican councillor for the Tortosa City Council. His influence in Republican groups was consolidated when he joined the General Council of theRepublican Nationalist Federal Union (UFNR) and his subsequent election as a deputy inCortes in the1914 elections. However, he would leave the UFNR as a result of the failure of the electoral alliance with theradicals ofAlejandro Lerroux in the 1914 elections.[3]
Domingo was linked toCNT.[4] During his journalism career, he came to direct the Barcelona newspaperLa Lucha [es], and was editor of the newspaperLa Publicidad [es].[5] During theSpanish crisis of 1917, he would publish a famous article inLa Lucha, "¿Qué espera el Rey?",[6] in which he harshly criticized the monarchy.
His political activity increased during theRestoration and thedictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In 1915, he participated in the creation of theAutonomist Republican Bloc, an organization that failed, and two years later he would be one of the founders of theCatalan Republican Party [ca].[3] He was one of the main figures of theAssembly of Parliamentarians [es] and of the preparation of the1917 Spanish general strike led byPSOE andUGT, among others. Domingo was the main advocate of the autonomy proposal forCatalonia, rejected by the monarchical Cortes in 1918; he also promoted the ephemeral republican platformLeft Alliance, which would includePSOE and various republican groups.
In 1928, he published his essayLibertad y Autoridad in theJavier Morata Pedreño Vanguard Library collection in Madrid. In 1930, this publishing house also published his work¿Qué espera el Rey?.
In July 1929, together withÁlvaro de Albornoz, Marcelino Domingo founded theRadical Socialist Republican Party,[1] an organization from which he participated in 1934, together withManuel Azaña fromRepublican Action andSantiago Casares Quiroga fromAutonomous Galician Republican Organization, to formIzquierda Republicana.
Considered byAntonio Checa Godoy [es] as the "inspirer" of the publicationDiario de Tarragona [es], the publication would come to support the electoral candidacies headed by Marcelino Domingo on several occasions. He was elected deputy for Barcelona district in the1931 general elections.[7] In the 1933 elections, however, he failed to recover his seat. He would once again become deputy for Barcelona in the1936 elections.[8]
Marcelino Domingo wasMinister of Public Instruction during theFirst Biennium of the Republic, between April and December 1931. During his time as minister, he took significant measures such as restricting religious education, authorizing bilingualism in schools in Catalonia, and creating a program for the construction of new schools.[9] After his dismissal from office, he would be replaced byFernando de los Ríos.[10] Domingo would serve asMinister of Agriculture between December 1931 and June 1933, and again between June and September 1933. He would return to Public Instruction during the first government of thePopular Front, between February and May 1936.[11]
He died in a hotel inToulouse on March 2, 1939,[12][13] after having gone into exile.
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