  Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India Show map of Jammu and Kashmir Manda, Jammu (India) Show map of India | |
| Location | Manda,Jammu,J&K,India |
|---|---|
| Region | India |
| Coordinates | 32°56′00″N74°48′00″E / 32.93333°N 74.80000°E /32.93333; 74.80000 |
| Type | Settlement |
| Part of | Indus Valley civilisation,Mauryan Empire andKushan Empire |
| History | |
| Founded | 400BC[1][2] |
| Abandoned | 300A.D[2] |
| Periods | 2350-1750 BC (Indus Valley Civilisation) (Mauryan Empire)[2] 78-200 C.E (Kushan Empire)[3] |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1976-77 |
| Archaeologists | J. P. Joshi |
| Condition | Abandoned |
Manda is a village and an archaeological site in theJammu district of theUnion Territory ofJammu and Kashmir, India. It was excavated byArchaeological Survey of India during 1976-77 byJ. P. Joshi. The site contains ruins of an ancientIndus Valley civilization.[4]
Excavation at Manda revealed a 9.20 m deposit with threefold sequence with two sub periods in Period I. Period II has early historical pottery of types comparable with those of same period from Northern part of India and period III is represented by Kushan antiquities and house walls with 3 m wide street.[5] After the Kushan period, the site seems to have been deserted.[4]
Manda is situated on the right bank of Chenab River in the foothills of Pir Panjal range, 28 km northwest of Jammu, and was considered the northernmost limit of theHarappan civilisation.[5] It is considered the northmost site (excludingShortugai) ofIndus Valley civilisation.[6][7][8][9][10]
It is considered a site established to procure wood from Himalayan Sub hills and send it downriver to other towns of the Indus Valley Civilisation.[11]
Pre Harappan Red ware (15%-25%) Harappan Red ware, including jars, dishes, dishes-on-stand, beakers, goblets etc. and copper double spiral headed spin (having west Asian affinity), tangled bone arrow-heads, terracotta bangles, cakes, chert blade etc.[4]
Significant finds include potsherds bearing incised Harappan Script and one unfinished seal.[4]
Due to the restricted nature of the dig undertaken, no specific structures could be exposed, except a collapsed rubble wall-like structure.[4]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)Map of Indus Valley Civilisation sites[1]