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Mūhammed bin Qasim Khan (Kazakh:محمد بن قاسم خان, Мұхаммед бин Қасым хан,romanized:Mūhammed bin Qasım Han), also known by his diminutive nicknameMamash Khan, was the oldest son ofQasim Khan. Following the death of his father, he became the fifthKhan of theKazakh Khanate and ruled from about 1521 to 1523.^[1]^[2]

Biography

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Khanzada Muhammed was born toQasim Khan and his wife Khanyk-Sultan Begum. He was the oldest of three sons born to Qasim, along with his brothersHaqnazar Khan and Abu'l Khair Sultan. Muhammed earned the nickname "Mamash" in his teenage years and went by that name for the rest of his life.

Muhammed (referred to as Mamash hereafter) became the fifth Khan of theKazakh Khanate after the death of his father Kasym Khan in the winter of 1521.^[3] Under his rule, Mamash could not resist against theNogai Horde, which captured the territory to theTurgai River. TheKazakh Khanate was greatly reduced for a brief period, but Mamash was able to recapture the western lands as far as modern-dayAtyrau from the Nogai Horde. Nevertheless, he still faced competition for his territory from the Russians up north, where the Tsars of Russia considered the lands as theirs to take. Ivan the Terrible repeatedly sent his ambassadors to Mamash to obtain a peaceful submission. While it did end in battle, theKazakhs were still able to defend their northern borders from the Russians.

The reign of Mamash Khan was short-lived; rivalry between the nobles weakened the state. In 1523, Mamash died in an internal conflict due to suffocation and injuries caused by weapons.^[4] Khanzada Tahir, the son of Adik Sultan and nephew of Kasym Khan, ascended the throne after him.^[5]