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| Malaysian Identity Card Kad Pengenalan Malaysia | |
|---|---|
| Type | Identity card |
| Issued by |  National Registration Department of Malaysia, Ministry of Home Affairs |
| First issued | 1948 2001 (MyKad) |
| Purpose | Identification, military identification (MyTentera), proof of residence (MyPR and MyKAS), proof of citizenship (MyKad) |
| Valid in |  Malaysia |
| Eligibility | Malaysian citizenship, and age 12+ |
| Expiration | Renewed in between ages 18 to 25 |
| Cost | MyKad and MyTentera:RM10 application fee and in case of damage,RM100 toRM1000 in case of loss MyPR and MyKAS:RM40 application fee and in case of damage,RM100 toRM1000 in case of loss |
TheMalaysian identity card (Malay:kad pengenalan Malaysia) is the compulsoryidentity card forMalaysian citizens aged 12 and above. The current identity card, known asMyKad, was introduced by theNational Registration Department of Malaysia on 5 September 2001 as one of fourMSC Malaysia flagship applications[1] and a replacement for the High Quality Identity Card (Kad Pengenalan Bermutu Tinggi), Malaysia became the first country in the world to use an identification card that incorporates both photo identification andfingerprintbiometric data on an in-built computer chip embedded in a piece of plastic.[2][3]The main purpose of the card as a validation tool and proof of citizenship other than thebirth certificate, MyKad may also serve as a validdriver's license, anATM card, anelectronic purse, and apublic key, among other applications, as part of the Malaysian Government Multipurpose Card (GMPC) initiative, if the bearer chooses to activate the functions.
Other cards which are currently in use or soon to be introduced in the GMPC initiative and share similar features are:
The term MyKad is acompound of two words withambiguous meanings; namelyMy andKad.
My can be:
Kad can be:
The initial MyKad was acontact card solution developed and manufactured by IRIS Corporation. Made of PC with the dimensions in theISO/IEC 7816 ID-1 format (standard credit card format), the initial card had a 32kbEEPROM (Electronically Erasable ProgrammableRead-Only Memory) embedded chip running onM-COS (MyKad ChipOperating System). In November 2002, the capacity was increased to 64kb.
The upgraded and current version of the MyKad is a hybrid card containing two chips for both contact and contactless interfaces. Currently, this hybrid type MyKad is only issued in Malaysian states that employ theTouch 'n Go application.
The MyKad chip has a data retention up to 20 years, while the card itself has a lifespan of 10 years and has been tested according to theISO 10373 standard.
All Malaysian citizens and permanent residents 12 years old or above are eligible for a MyKad. From 2001, it gradually replaced an older Malaysian Identity Card system, that had been in use since 1949 underBritish colonial rule, with the intention of becoming ubiquitous by 2007. Children are issued with a MyKid after birth. This card is "upgraded" to a MyKad on the 12th birthday. The MyKad must be replaced when a person reaches 18 years old, as it is a requirement that the photograph be "current".
Adoption was optional but was spurred by the waiving of the application fee of betweenRM20 and RM50 until 31 December 2005. As of 27 December 2005, 1,180,208 Malaysians still held an old identity card. After the waiving period ended on 31 December 2005, each new first-time application comes with a fee of RM10.
The current format of the Malaysian identity card number, introduced in 1990, features 12 digits separated into three block by hyphens, as illustrated below:
The above format is the official format as printed on the official identity documents e.g. MyKad. However, for database purposes (e.g. sorting), the NRIC Number may have its hyphens omitted, hence:
The first six digitsYYMMDD signify the person's date of birth in theISO 8601:2000 format; for example, a person born on 16 September 1963 would have 630916 as the first six digits of their identity card. A person born on 1 January 1900 would have 000101 as the first digits, same with a person born on 1 January 2000. In cases where the person's actual date of birth according to theGregorian calendar is uncertain, the date on which the person first applied for a MyKad is used (which becomes the person's birthday for official purposes), noted by an asterisk (*).
PB, the seventh and eighth digit, based on the place of birth of the person, which will be referred from the birth certificate upon application of the MyKad.
###, the ninth through eleventh digit is the generic special number generated by the National Registration Department of Malaysia's computer system. Usually, a person born prior and in the year 1999 will have the number started with5## or6## or7## while a person born after and in the year 2000 will have the number started with0##. Sometimes, the number reaches1##,2## and even3## for high birth rate areas.
On the back of the card, there is an additional 2-digit number after the 12-digit number to indicate the number of MyKad which a person previously held.
Prior to 2001, originally, any person who was born abroad used digit 71 or 72 in their identity card number (High Quality Identity Card), regardless with or without at least one legal ascendant with Malaysian citizenship. It is estimated that about 171,023 registered voters who born abroad and used digit 71 or 72 in MyKad.
However, since 2001, any baby who was born abroad after 2001 is referred according to their place of birth rather than general digit 71 or 72 in their MyKad. It also affected any person (including citizen or non-citizen) who was born abroad regardless of their year of birth; who applying MyKad without holding High Quality Identity Card after 2001. Despite that, if any person born abroad who already had High Quality Identity Card which means they registered their identity card before 2001, they still retain digit 71 or 72 to be used in their MyKad identity card number. High Quality Identity Card was in use as the Malaysia's identity card from 1990 to 2001. After 2001, a person with High Quality Identity Card is expected to renew their High Quality Identity Card with new MyKad.
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The MyKad project was developed was originally intended to have four functions:
Four further applications were added before or during its initial release,
At this time, most[specify] of the functions are still not widely used because they are not widely promoted[citation needed].
The extensible design of the card may be leading tofunctionality creep.[citation needed] Further applications envisaged by the government include:
MyKad must be carried at all times. Failure to do so may incur a fine of between RM3,000 and RM20,000 or jail term of up to three years.
No unauthorised people, including security guards, are allowed to retain the MyKads of other people. Only those authorised by the National Registration Department, like the police and immigration officers, can do so.
For Muslim citizens, "Islam" is printed on the card below the picture of the holder. This is to help the enforcement ofSharia law which is only applicable to Muslims.
As the state ofSabah andSarawak maintain separate immigration controls, citizens who have permanent residency in the state of Sabah and Sarawak are denoted by the letters "H" and "K" respectively on the bottom right corner of the card.
MyKad'sPublic Key Infrastructure (PKI) application allows for two digital certificates to be inserted. MyKad holders can apply and purchase the digital certificates from two of Malaysia'scertification authority,MSCTrustgate.com Sdn. Bhd. andDigiCert Sdn. Bhd..
PKI allows for easy securing of private data over publictelecommunications networks, thus allowing, secure electronic transactions over the Internet which include:
Citizens fromPeninsular Malaysia travelling toSabah,Sarawak andLabuan can produce a MyKad on arrival to obtain a Document in Lieu of Internal Travel Document (IMM.114) for social and business visits not more than three months. Sabah and Sarawak each maintains a separate immigration control system, and Peninsular Malaysians are subject to immigration control in the two states and Federal Territories.
Malaysia andBrunei signed a frequent travellers cards (FTC) agreement on 10 September 2007, allowing Malaysian and Bruneian frequent travellers to register to use their national identity cards for travel between Malaysia and Brunei.[13]
As Malaysia stopped issuing and renewing Restricted Passports for citizens from Peninsular Malaysia to travel toSingapore beginning 1 January 2005, Malaysia considered negotiating with Singapore to allow frequent Malaysian travellers to enter Singapore using MyKad. However, Singapore rejected the use of MyKad by frequent Malaysian travellers to enter the country, citing security concerns.[14]
The MyID is a Malaysian Government initiative that implements the National Registration Identity Card Number as the sole reference number for Malaysians in their transactions as an individual with the government agencies.[15]
MyKid is a chip-based children identity card or personal identification document issued to children under the age of 12. Introduced on 1 January 2003, MyKid contains features similar to MyKad except that it does not include a photograph and thumbprint biometric data.[16] For registration of new birth, MyKid will be processed during the application for registration of birth. Children born before 2003 do not get a MyKid.
The termKid refers to:
MyKid is issued inpink instead of blue (colour of MyKad). Visible data for MyKid in block letters include:
The MyKid chip currently stores only three types of data:
MyPR is an identity card or personal identification issued to residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status. All residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status are required to change their identity card to MyPR with effect from 1 June 2006. The MyPR is red and visible data include:
MyKAS is a temporary resident identity card issued under Regulation 5 (3) of the National Registration Regulations 1990. It is green with expiry date indicated on the card.
MyKAS must be renewed within five years.
The MyTentera will replace the currentBAT C 10 document (Malay:Borang Angkatan Tentera C 10) (Armed Forces Form C 10).
The MyTentera will be silver and feature theMalaysian Armed Forces logo at the back top-right corner. It will also contain a 12-digit military identification number similar to theNRIC Number.[6]
MyPoca is a brown-colour identity card issued to those registered under thePrevention of Crime Act 1959 (POCA), who are usuallyex-convicts.[17][18][19] This identity card is only issued inPeninsular Malaysia[20] before 2014 as POCA does not apply toSabah andSarawak before 2014.[21][22] The brown-colour identity card system has been in existence as early as 1959 when the National Registration Act 1959 was enacted.[23]
In 2017, the legal provisions requiring MyPoca to be issued to ex-convicts were abolished.[24][25] However, there are conflicting reports suggesting that MyPoca is still in use even after its abolition in 2017.[18][19][26]
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