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Makaa language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bantu language spoken in Cameroonn
Makaa
Native toCameroon
EthnicityMakaa
Native speakers
(80,000 cited 1987)[1]
Niger–Congo?
Dialects
  • Bebend
  • Mbwaanz
  • Sekunda
Language codes
ISO 639-3mcp
Glottologmaka1304
A.83[2]

Makaa (Maka), orSouth Makaa, is aBantu language of Cameroon. It is not intelligible with the other language spoken by theMakaa people,North Makaa.

Varieties

[edit]

The central part of the Meka area consists of the three central dialects Bésáp, Bébánde and Mbwas. Byáp in the north and Békol in the south are more geographically peripheral dialects. Byáp and Asón should not be confused with Northern Maka.[3]

Meka covers essentially the entire northern part ofHaut-Nyong department (Eastern Region). Bébánde covers the entire northern part ofAbong-Mbang commune and alsoBebeng commune. Mbwas covers most of theDoumé area (Mbouang andDoumatang communes), and Bésáp covers the north ofNguélémendouka.[3]

Byap occupies the eastern part of Diang commune andBélabo commune (Lom-et-Djerem department, Eastern Region), west ofBertoua. It extends into the Central and Southern Regions inNyong-et-Mfoumou (inAkonolinga andEndom communes) andDja-et-Lobo (inBengbis andZoétélé communes) departments.[3]

There are 89,500 speakers.[3]

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarLabial-
velar
Glottal
Plosivevoicelesstckkp
voicedbdɟɡ
prenasal vl.ᵐpⁿtᶮcᵑk
prenasal vd.ᵐbⁿdᶮɟᵑɡ
Nasalmnɲŋ
Fricativevoicelessfsʃh
voicedvzʒ
Laterall
Approximantjw

Vowels

[edit]
FrontCentralBack
Closeiɨu
Near-closeɪ
Close-mideəo,õ
Open-midɛ,ɛ̃
Opena
  • /o,õ/ may have allophones [ɔ,ɔ̃] which occur in free variation in many environments.[4]

Writing system

[edit]
Maka alphabet[5]
abcdeɛəfghiɨjklm
nnyŋopsshtuʉvwyzzh

Nasal vowels are indicated using the cedilla ‹ ɛ̧, ɔ̧ ›. Tones are indicated using diacritics:

  • the high tone with an acute accent;
  • the descending high-low tone with a circumflex accent;
  • the low-high rising tone with a caron;
  • low tone without accent.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Makaa atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  2. ^Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.New Updated Guthrie List Online
  3. ^abcdBinam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012).Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM) [Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon]. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol. 1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA.ISBN 9789956796069.
  4. ^Heath, Teresa (2003).Makaa (A83). In Nurse, Derek and Philippson, Gérard (eds.), The Bantu languages: London & New York: Routledge. pp. 335–348.
  5. ^Abong, Mbang (2007)."Leçons d'apprentissage de la langue mekaa"(PDF). SIL. p. 3.
Official languages
Major languages
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Indigenous and Immigrantlanguages
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NarrowBantu languages (Zones A–B) (byGuthrie classification)
Zone A
A10
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A30
A40
A50
A60
A70
A80
A90
Zone B
B10
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  • TheGuthrie classification is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.
Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates
Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)
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