Mahmud Yalavach was aMuslim[1] administrator in theMongol Empire who ruled overTurkestan as governor and eventually went on to be mayor of Taidu (nowBeijing). He was aKhorezmian merchant who served as an administrator and advisor toGenghis Khan. Sometime in the 1230s, he devised the census system accounting for the people in the newly formedMongol Empire so they could be readily taxed. He went on to simplify the existing tax systems in his creation of two primary tax initiatives: The first was thepoll tax known as thequbchir and the other was an agricultural tax known as theqalan.
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