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Madurai district | |
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_350.jpg)  .jpg) .jpg)  Clockwise from top-left:Meenakshi Amman Temple,Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal,Alagar Koyil,Kutladampatti Falls, Jain carvings atYanamalai Hills | |
.svg) Location in Tamil Nadu | |
 Madurai district | |
| Coordinates:09°50′N077°50′E / 9.833°N 77.833°E /9.833; 77.833[1] | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Tamil Nadu |
| Region | Pandya Nadu |
| Municipal Corporations | Madurai |
| Headquarters | Madurai |
| Taluks | Madurai North,Madurai South,Madurai East,Madurai West,Melur,Peraiyur,Tirumangalam,Thiruparankundram,Usilampatti,Vadipatti, Kalligudi |
| Government | |
| • Type | District Administration |
| • Body | Madurai District Collectorate |
| • District Collector | M. S. Sangeetha,I.A.S. |
| • Superintendent of Police | Dongare Pravin Umesh,I.P.S. |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,710 km2 (1,430 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 16 |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 3,038,252 |
| • Rank | 4 |
| • Density | 812/km2 (2,100/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Tamil andEnglish |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 625xxx |
| Telephone code | 0452 |
| Vehicle registration | TN-58, TN-59, TN-64[2] |
| Coastline | 0 kilometres (0 mi) |
| Largest city | Madurai |
| Sex ratio | ♂-50.5% /♀-49.5% |
| Literacy | 81.5% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | 1 |
| Assembly constituency | 10 |
| Website | www |
Madurai district is one of the38 districts of thestate ofTamil Nadu in southeasternIndia.[1][3] The city ofMadurai serves as the district headquarters. It houses the famousSri Meenakshi Sundareshwarar temple and is situated on the banks of the riverVaigai.Thiruparankundram is one of the major tourist place in the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,038,252 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. Aside from the city of Madurai, the larger towns areMelur,Vadipatti,Thirumangalam,Thirupparankundram,Peraiyur, andUsilampatti.[4]
The main kingdoms which ruled Madurai are thePandyas and theNayaks.[5]
The district is bounded byTheni in the west,Sivaganga in the east,Dindigul in the north,Virudhunagar in the south and small parts ofTiruchirappalli in the northeast.
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The climate has extremes. There are three distinct periods of rainfall:
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 666,940 | — |
| 1911 | 769,360 | +1.44% |
| 1921 | 800,795 | +0.40% |
| 1931 | 896,876 | +1.14% |
| 1941 | 1,014,602 | +1.24% |
| 1951 | 1,223,574 | +1.89% |
| 1961 | 1,378,734 | +1.20% |
| 1971 | 1,730,109 | +2.30% |
| 1981 | 2,042,704 | +1.67% |
| 1991 | 2,400,339 | +1.63% |
| 2001 | 2,578,201 | +0.72% |
| 2011 | 3,038,252 | +1.66% |
| source:[6] | ||
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 90.86% | |||
| Islam | 5.56% | |||
| Christianity | 3.22% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.36% | |||
According to2011 census, Madurai district had a population of 3,038,252,[8] up from 2,578,201 in the 2001 census,[4] for a growth rate of 17.95%. It had a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males, up from 978 in 2001,[4] and much above the national average of 929.[8] A total of 313,978 were under the age of six, constituting 162,517 males and 151,461 females.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 13.46% and 0.37% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 74.83%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. 60.78% of the population lives in urban areas.[8]
The district had a total of 794,887 households. There were a total of 1,354,632 workers, comprising 81,352 cultivators, 287,731 main agricultural labourers, 39,753 in house hold industries, 765,066 other workers, 180,730 marginal workers, 11,367 marginal cultivators, 85,097 marginal agricultural labourers, 7,540 marginal workers in household industries and 76,726 other marginal workers.[8]
At the time of the 2011 census, 92.56% of the population spokeTamil, 3.20%Saurashtra and 2.58%Telugu as their first language.[9]
Madurai district contains the entirety of Madurai Lok Sabha constituency[(state assembly constituency of Madurai North, Madurai South, Madurai East, Madurai West, Madurai Central, and Melur], and parts of Theni Lok Sabha constituency[(Usilampatti and Sholavandan] and Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituency[(Thiruparankundram and Thirumangalam]] Lok Sabha constituencies.
Madurai district comprises 13 talukas andrevenue blocks, same names same boundaries. Under thegram panchayat system rural administration or the district is done bypanchayat villages and the taluka headquarters. The revenue blocks are further sub-divided byfirkas. The three taluks, Tiruparankundram, Madurai West and Madurai East, were created in February 2014.[12]The thirteen talukas/blocks are:[13][14][15]
In the 2001 census, Madurai district had only seven talukas: Madurai North, Madurai South, Melur, Peraiyur, Thirumangalam, Vadipatti, and Usilampatti.[16]
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