Madhava Kandali | |
|---|---|
| Language | Assamese (Early form) |
| Period | 1400s |
| Notable works | Saptakanda Ramayana |
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Kaviraja Madhava Kandali (circa. 14th century) was an Indian poet from the state ofAssam. He is one of the renowned poets pertaining to the Pre-Shankara era. HisSaptakanda Ramayana is considered the earliest translation of theRamayana into anIndo-Aryan language,Assamese.[4] This work was carried out by the poet as early as the 14th Century. Another significant work of his is the narrative poemDevajit, which is about superiority ofKrishna over the otheravatars ofVishnu.[5] Kandali'spatron was the Barāha KingMahamanikya (mid 14th century)[6] whose kingdom was located in the Kapili valley.[7] Kabiraja Madhava Kandali was said to be inhabitant ofLanka of Undivided Nagaon.[8]
Madhava Kandali is credited with the task of translating ‘Valmiki’sRamayana into theAssamese language as early as the 14th century.[9] The Assamese version of Ramayana conceptualized by Madhava Kandali is the first of its kind among all the regional languages of North andNortheast India. Although Madhava Kandali has written that “Saptakanda Ramayana podebandhi nibandhilo lambha parihari sarodhrite”, yet the “Adikanda” (first) and the “Uttarakanda” (last) cantos of his “Saptakanda” (seven cantos) Ramayana are not found. Therefore, in accordance with the advice of Mahapurush SrimantaShankardeva, MahapurushMadhavdev wrote “Adikanda” and Mahapurush Srimanta Shankardeva, wrote the “Uttarakanda” in order to compensate the lost cantos and thus completed the epic consisting of “Sapta Kanda” or seven cantos. Madhava Kandali has not translated the “Shlokas” (a couplet of Sanskrit verse) of valmiki Ramayana as it is. He instead abandoned some unnecessary verse narratives and long descriptive passages. He has written the Assamese Ramayana in a lucid and rhythmic pattern thus catering to the needs of the common Assamese people.He has also provided explanations for his inclusion of non-valmiki elements while composing the epic.
SrimantaShankardeva designated him asPurva Kobi Apramadi (Peerless Bard of the Eastern Region). Moreover, Madhab Kandali is often acclaimed to be the “Kalidas of Assam”.[citation needed]
Madhava Kandali is also credited to be the composer of another poetical work‘Devajit’[10] where he portrays Lord Krishna as the greatest incarnation (avatar) of Lord Bishnu.
He lists several instruments in his"Ramayana", such asmardala(a type of wooden Mridanga), khumuchi, bhemachi, dagar, gratal, ramtal,tabal,jhajhar, jinjiri, bheri mahari,tokari, dosari,kendara,dotara,vina,bīn,vipanchi, etc. (meaning that these instruments existed since his time in 14th century or earlier).[11][12]
Ahom [aho]
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