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Mabahith

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Secret police of Saudi Arabia
Law enforcement agency
General Directorate of Investigations
المديرية العامة للمباحث
Seal of the Mabahith
Seal of the Mabahith
Flag of the Mabahith
Flag of the Mabahith
Common nameMabahith
MottoA homeland we don't protect, we don't deserve to live in
Agency overview
FormedOctober 14, 1924; 100 years ago (1924-10-14) as General Directorate of Public Security
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionSaudi Arabia
General nature
Operational structure
HeadquartersRiyadh,Saudi Arabia
Agency executives
Parent agencyPresidency of State Security
Ministry of Interior (Until 2017)

TheGeneral Directorate of Investigations (Arabic:المديرية العامة للمباحث), commonly known simply as theMabahith, is thesecret police agency of thePresidency of State Security inSaudi Arabia, and deals with domestic security and counter-intelligence.

The officers of the Mabahith have delegated powers to investigate, survey, and detain individuals who are deemed to be "threats to national security".[1] The Mabahith has conducted a wide variety of security operations that have led to the arrest of high profile terrorists, and opposition members that have been accused of causing internal unrest. Officially, the Mabahith are to turn over arrested individuals to the Saudi courts for sentencing. The Mabahith have been used by the government of Saudi Arabia to monitor political opposition and individuals they deem to be threatening to Saudi society. The organization has been criticized by the United Nations,Amnesty International, andHuman Rights Watch.[2]

Role

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According toHuman Rights Watch, the Mabahith "monitors suspected political opponents and others, targets individuals for arrest, and interrogates detainees. Mabahith agents operate with impunity and have been responsible for a wide range of human rights abuses, includingarbitrary arrest, incommunicado detention, andtorture"[3] includingwaterboarding,denailing,flagellation andbeatings, amongst other forms of severe abuse.

Members of the Mabahith were allegedly responsible for the torture of Western detainees arrested during a car bombing campaign which started in 2000. Two members in particular,Khalid al-Saleh andIbrahim al-Dali, were named byWilliam Sampson in his court action against the Saudi government, Sampson and others lost their case in theUK High Court when the Saudis used theState Immunity Act 1978 as their defence.

Directors

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  • Ali bin Hassan Al-Sayrafi (1965 - 1967)
  • Fayez bin Mohammed Al-Aufi (1967 - 1969)
  • Ahmed bin Saleh Mansour (1969 - 1971)
  • Abdulaziz bin Masoud Ismail (1972 - 1986)
  • Saleh bin Taha bin Saleh Khasifan (1986 - 2002)
  • Mahmoud bin Mohammed Bakhsh (2002 - 2006)
  • AbdulAziz bin Mohammed Al-Howairini (2006 - 2022)
  • Ahmed bin Abdul Aziz Al-Issa (2022 - Present)

Prisons

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Al-Ha'ir Prison

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Al-Ha'ir Prison is a Mabahith-affiliated prison.[4] The Mabahith have conducted classified interviews as well as interrogations of high profile Al-Qaeda members being held in the prison.

ʽUlaysha Prison

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Mabahith runs theʽUlaysha Prison inRiyadh,[5] where it holds prisoners underarbitrary detention. TheUnited NationsWorking Group on Arbitrary Detention has objected to arbitrary detention at Mabahith's prison.[6][7] As of June 2011[update], arbitrarily detained prisoners apparently include five founding members of a would-be political party, theUmma Islamic Party,[5] andKhaled al-Johani, who publicly protested inRiyadh on the 11 March "Day of Rage" during the2011 Saudi Arabian protests.[8][9] Political prisoners living in exile have testified that Mabahith agents used illegal interrogation methods and tortured political dissidents who were being held arbitrarily in the prison.

Dhahban Central Prison

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Dhahban Central Prison is used for arbitrary detention. According to theHuman Rights Watch report, women activists – who have been detained since May 2018 – were taken to Dhahban and tortured in a room called an "officer's guesthouse". Reportedly, the men who tortured these women were from "cyber security" – a reference to officers working underSaud al-Qahtani, who was fired for his involvement in thekilling of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.[10]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Human Rights and Saudi Arabia's Counterterrorism Response - Religious Counseling, Indefinite Detention and Flawed Trials"(PDF).Human Rights Watch. 2009.Archived(PDF) from the original on 2019-07-26. Retrieved2020-10-14.
  2. ^"Saudi Arabia 2018".Amnesty International. Retrieved2019-12-06.
  3. ^Human Rights in Saudi Arabia: A Deafening Silence (Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, December 2001)
  4. ^"Saudi Arabia: Dispensing a Peaceful Demonstration after Assaulting Prisoner's Wife and Four of Her Children due to A video Segment".ANHRI. 2012-08-28.Archived from the original on 2012-09-02. Retrieved2012-08-31.
  5. ^abWilcke, Christopher (2011-02-19)."Secret Police Crackdown on Founders of First Political Party".Human Rights Watch.Archived from the original on 2011-06-12. Retrieved2011-06-09.
  6. ^"Saudi Arabia: Opinion on the arbitrary detention of Mr. Faiz bin Abdelmohsen Al Qaid".Alkarama for Human Rights. 2007-07-02. Archived fromthe original on 2011-07-26. Retrieved2011-06-09.
  7. ^"Saudi Arabia: The Working Group of the United Nations describes the detention of Abdel Rahman Samara as arbitrary".Alkarama for Human Rights. 2009-04-21. Archived fromthe original on 2011-07-26. Retrieved2011-06-09.
  8. ^Kennedy, Dana (2011-04-08)."Imprisoned Father of Autistic Boy Called "the Bravest Man in Saudi Arabia"".AOL News. Archived fromthe original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved2011-06-06.
  9. ^"EU, US Leaders Should Publicly Condemn Human Rights Violations".Human Rights Watch. 2011-04-20.Archived from the original on 2011-06-09. Retrieved2011-06-07.
  10. ^"Saudi Arabia: Allow Access to Detained Women Activists". Human Rights Watch. 6 December 2018. Retrieved6 December 2018.

External links

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