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Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram orMödling and Hinterbrühl Local Railway (German:Lokalbahn Mödling–Hinterbrühl) was an electrictramway inAustria, running 4.5 km (2.8 mi) fromMödling toHinterbrühl, in the southwest ofVienna. Thegauge was1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)metre gauge. Opened in October 1883, it was the first tram and railway in the world that was run with electricity delivered by anoverhead line in permanent service. It was the first electric tram and railway in Austria, and it was the second one installed for definitive service. The operation ceased in March 1932.
The approval had been granted by thek.k. Ministry of Commerce in 1882. The tram was built and run by theSüdbahngesellschaft (the privateAustrian Southern Railway Company) that operated the main line from Vienna toTrieste, including the standard gauge railway station at Mödling.
Electric traction operating at 550 volts DC was chosen. As for lack of space, parts of the trackway had to be laid on public roads. Themetre gauge single track rail of the tram had several turnouts. The overhead line was bipolar and consisted of two downwards open tubes, in which the twopantographs hang like aerial trams. This technique had been introduced byErnst Werner von Siemens in his experimentalElectromote trolleybus concept. After a test on October 18, 1883, the regular service in the first section between Mödling and Vorderbrühl Valley started on October 22, 1883. As a condition for permitting the traffic through the narrow part of the valley in 1884, the authorities ordered the availability of a steam engine as emergency traction. In 1885, the line was completed to Hinterbrühl.
In 1903, the line was modernized and the bipolar overhead line was replaced by a unipolar wire. The new contact supplies werebow collectors. Since 1912, the revenues exceeded the expenses.
In 1927 a bus service was installed in the valley. The competition became precarious for both. In 1923, the Austrian Ministry for Trade and Traffic decided that the tramline had to be closed down. The last tram on the line ran on March 31, 1932.
