It has an area of 4,459 km2 (1,722 sq mi), making it the largest Belgian province. With around 295,000 residents as of January 2024, Luxembourg is also the least populated province, with a density of 64/km2 (170/sq mi), making it a relatively sparsely settled part of a very densely populated region, as well as the lowest density in Belgium. It is significantly larger (71%) than, but has less than half the population of, the neighbouring Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. About eighty percent of the province is part of the densely woodedArdennes region. The southernmost region of the province is calledGaume orBelgian Lorraine (main city:Virton).
TheArelerland, the region around Arlon (coloured red on the map of arrondissements, below) bordering the neighbouring Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg has the particularity that many of its residents have historically spokenLuxembourgish alongside ofWalloon spoken elsewhere in the province.
An unofficial flag of the province exists, with the current colours of Luxembourg (red, white, and blue), as well as the province's coat of arms on the foreground.[citation needed]
Thegross domestic product (GDP) of the province was €7.0 billion in 2018, accounting for 1.5% of Belgium's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was €21,800 or 72% of the EU27 average in the same year. Luxembourg was the province with the lowest GDP per capita.[7] However, the province has some of the highest income inequalities in Belgium; towns like Arlon that border Luxembourg are known for their affluence, whereas other towns are among the poorest in the country.
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