Physician Mary N. Crawford worked at the Serum Exchange of theChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, where, in 1962, she discovered that she was one of a few people in the world with the rare blood type Lu (a−b−) and that her blood might be donated to a patient in Great Britain.
TheLutheran antigen systems is aclassification of human blood based on the presence of substances called Lutheranantigens on the surfaces of red blood cells. There are 19 known Lutheran antigens.[1]The name Lutheran stems from a blood donor's misspelled last name, reportedly named Lutteran or Lutheran.[2][3][4][5]All of these antigens arise from variations in a gene calledBCAM (basal cell adhesion molecule). The system is based on the expression of two codominant alleles, designated Lua and Lub. The antigens Aua and Aub, known as theAuberger antigens, were once thought to make up a separate blood group but were later shown to be Lutheran antigens arising from variations in the BCAM gene.
Thephenotypes Lu(a+b−) and Lu(a+b+) are found at various frequencies within populations. The Lu(a−b+) phenotype is the most common in all populations, whereas the Lu(a−b−) phenotype is uncommon. Though present in thefetus, it is seldom the cause oferythroblastosis fetalis or of transfusion reactions.
Interpretation of antibody panel to detect patient antibodies towards the most relevanthuman blood group systems, including Lutheran.
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